SIMBAD references

We checked the change of the effective temperature with the atmospherical pulsation of ρ Cas from combined analyses of optical spectra of 1993-95 and IUE spectra of 1979-81. We find an upper range for {DELTA}T_eff≃750K over a period of 16-17 months. We present a thorough study of the related absorption line profile changes from which a velocity stratification with excitation energy could not be detected for the metallic lines. The distinct evolution of Hα displays variable distortions of filling-in by emission with the pulsation. Our theoretical line profile fits yield a value for vsini of 25km/s. We report the finding of two different causes for the splitting of absorption line cores in the spectra of ρ Cas. For the phase near highest effective temperature we have analyzed the development of very far shortward extended line wings assuming velocities up to 150km/s. These violet absorptions originate about 2.5R_* above the photosphere in a cool and variable supersonic wind from which we determine an upper value of the mass-loss rate of 9.2x10^–5M_☉/y. We also report the finding of an increase of the supersonic wind velocity by ∼15km/s per electronvolt decrease, measured from the maximum velocities of these violet absorptions for FeI lines. A separate analysis of the IUE spectra reveals tremendous changes of the Balmer continuum flux by a factor 4 to 5 in only 26 hours, clearly distinct from the long-term variations of Hα.