SIMBAD references

I assemble 4684 star-forming early-type galaxies (ETGs) and 2011 composite ETGs (located in the composite region on the BPT diagram) from the catalog of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 MPA-JHU emission-line measurements. I compare the properties of both ETG samples and investigate their compositions, stellar masses, specific star formation rates (sSFRs), and excitation mechanisms. Compared with star-forming ETGs, composite ETGs have higher stellar mass and lower sSFR. In the stellar mass and u - r color diagram, more than 60% of star-forming ETGs and composite ETGs are located in the green valley, showing that the two ETG samples may have experienced star formation and that ∼17% of star-forming ETGs lie in the blue cloud, while ∼30% of composite ETGs lie in the red sequence. In the [N II]/Hα versus EW_Hα (the Hα equivalent width) diagram, all star-forming ETGs and most of the composite ETGs are located in the star-forming galaxy region, and composite ETGs have lower EW_Hα than their counterparts. We show the relations between 12+log(O/H) and log(N/O) for both ETG samples, and suggest that nitrogen production of some star-forming ETGs can be explained by the evolution scheme of Coziol et al., while the prodution of composite ETGs may be a consequence of the inflowing of metal-poor gas and these more evolved massive galaxies.