2022MNRAS.509..748W -
Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 509, 748-762 (2022/January-1)
ALMA observations of the Extended Green Object G19.01-0.03 - I. A Keplerian disc in a massive protostellar system.
WILLIAMS G.M., CYGANOWSKI C.J., BROGAN C.L., HUNTER T.R., ILEE J.D., NAZARI P., KRUIJSSEN J.M.D., SMITH R.J. and BONNELL I.A.
Abstract (from CDS):
Using the Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA), we observed the Extended Green Object (EGO) G19.01-0.03 with sub-arcsec resolution from 1.05 mm to 5.01 cm wavelengths. Our ∼0.4 arcsec ∼ 1600 AU angular resolution ALMA observations reveal a velocity gradient across the millimetre core MM1, oriented perpendicular to the previously known bipolar molecular outflow, which is consistently traced by 20 lines of 8 molecular species with a range of excitation temperatures, including complex organic molecules (COMs). Kinematic modelling shows the data are well described by models that include a disc in Keplerian rotation and infall, with an enclosed mass of 40-70 M☉ (within a 2000 AU outer radius) for a disc inclination angle of i = 40*, of which 5.4-7.2 M☉ is attributed to the disc. Our new VLA observations show that the 6.7 GHz Class II methanol masers associated with MM1 form a partial ellipse, consistent with an inclined ring, with a velocity gradient consistent with that of the thermal gas. The disc-to-star mass ratio suggests the disc is likely to be unstable and may be fragmenting into as-yet-undetected low-mass stellar companions. Modelling the centimetre-millimetre spectral energy distribution of MM1 shows the ALMA 1.05 mm continuum emission is dominated by dust, whilst a free-free component, interpreted as a hypercompact H II region, is required to explain the VLA ∼5 cm emission. The high enclosed mass derived for a source with a moderate bolometric luminosity (∼104 L☉) suggests that the MM1 disc may feed an unresolved high-mass binary system.
Abstract Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society
Journal keyword(s):
masers - techniques: interferometric - stars: formation - stars: individual: G19.01-0.03 - stars: massive - stars: protostars
Simbad objects:
25
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