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2024PASJ...76..163O - Publ. Astron. Soc. Jap., 76, 163-174 (2024/April-0)

Trigonometric parallax and proper motion of Sagittarius A* measured by VERA using the new broad-band back-end system OCTAVE-DAS.

OYAMA T., NAGAYAMA T., YAMAUCHI A., SAKAI D., IMAI H., HONMA M., ASAKURA Y., HADA K., HAGIWARA Y., HIROTA T., JIKE T., KONO Y., SUZUKI S., KOBAYASHI H. and KAWAGUCHI N.

Abstract (from CDS):

We successfully measured the trigonometric parallax of Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) to be 117 ± 17 micro-arcseconds ($\, \mu \mbox{as}$) using the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA) with the newly developed broad-band signal-processing system named “OCTAVE-DAS.” The measured parallax corresponds to a Galactocentric distance at the Sun of $R_0 = 8.5^{+1.5}_{-1.1}\:$kpc. By combining the astrometric results with VERA and the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) over a monitoring period of 25 yr, the proper motion of Sgr A* is obtained to be (μα, μδ) = (-3.133 ± 0.003, -5.575 ± 0.005) mas yr–1 in equatorial coordinates, corresponding to (μl, μb) = (-6.391 ± 0.005, -0.230 ± 0.004) mas yr–1 in Galactic coordinates. This gives an angular orbital velocity of the Sun of Ω⊙ = 30.30 ± 0.02 km s–1 kpc–1. We find upper limits to the core wander, Δθ < 0.20 mas (1.6 au), peculiar motion, Δμ < 0.10 mas yr–1 (3.7 km s–1), and acceleration, a < 2.6 $\, \mu \mbox{as} \:$yr–2 (0.10 km s–1 yr–1) for Sgr A*. Thus, we obtained upper mass limits of $\approx 3 \times 10^{4}\, M_{\odot }$ and $\approx 3 \times 10^{3}\, M_{\odot }$ for the supposed intermediate-mass black holes at 0.1 and 0.01 pc from the Galactic center, respectively.

Abstract Copyright: © The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Astronomical Society of Japan.

Journal keyword(s): astrometry - Galaxy: center - instrumentation: interferometers

Simbad objects: 6

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