SIMBAD references

2025PASJ...77..773G - Publ. Astron. Soc. Jap., 77, 773-784 (2025/April-0)

Are Kronberger 80 and/or Kronberger 82 regions PeVatron candidates for LHAASO J2108+5157?

GUPTA A., DE LA FUENTE E., YADAV R.K., PORRAS A., SHARMA S., KATO S., TAFOYA D., TRINIDAD M.A., NIGOCHE-NETRO A., VIVEROS H.E., KAWATA K., SUZUKI H., OHNISHI M., TOLEDANO-JUAREZ I., SAKO T. and TAKITA M.

Abstract (from CDS):

High-energy gamma-rays have been detected in the region of LHAASO J2108+5157 by the Fermi-LAT, HAWC and LHAASO-KM2A observatories. Cygnus OB2 in Cygnus-X has been confirmed as the first strong stellar cluster PeVatron in our Galaxy. Thus, the star-forming regions Kronberger 80 and Kronberger 82, located in the field of LHAASO J2108+5157, are analyzed to evaluate their stellar population and potential as associated PeVatron candidates. A distance of 10 kpc is adopted for Kronberger 80, while $\sim$1.6 kpc is estimated for Kronberger 82. Based on stellar densities, we report that their cluster radii are ${2{^{\prime }_{.}}5}$ and ${2{^{\prime }_{.}}0}$, while infrared photometry reveals poor stellar content in massive O-type stars in both cases. From optical data, the estimations of cluster ages are 5-12.6 and $\lesssim$5 Myr, respectively. We conclude that, in contrast to the stellar content of Cygnus OB2, it is unlikely that Kronberger 80 and Kronberger 82 are PeVatrons associated with LHAASO J2108+5157. The presence of a PeVatron in this region remains a mystery, but we confirm that the two Kronberger regions are star-forming regions undergoing formation rather than evolution.

Abstract Copyright: © The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Astronomical Society of Japan.

Journal keyword(s): ISM: clouds - ISM: individual objects (LHAASO J2108+5157, Kronberger 80, Kronberger 82) - ISM: molecules - gamma rays: ISM

Simbad objects: 30

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