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2025PASP..137d4204M - Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac., 137, part no 4, 4204 (2025/April-0)

Tracking Evolution of Circumstellar Disks of Classical Be Stars Using Infrared L-band and Hα Spectral Emissions.

MILLAN-VALDERRAMA C.D., SABOGAL B., GARCIA-VARELA A., SALAS L. and HERNANDEZ J.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present new L-band spectra for 28 Northern Galactic Be stars, obtained with the CID-InSb spectrograph at the 2.1 m telescope OAN/UNAM San Pedro Martir Observatory. For 19 of these stars we establish positions on the Lenorzer diagram, which is a diagnostic tool of circumstellar environments. It is constructed using flux ratios of the hydrogen infrared recombination lines (Brα, Hu14 and Pfγ) and gives information about the density of the emitting gas. We compare the positions on Lenorzer diagram with Hα emissions recorded on the BeSS database. Our main results show that over two decades, γ Cas has maintained a stable circumstellar disk (CSD); 28 Cyg has undergone at least one complete cycle of growth and dissipation of its disk, this being the first report of that cycle in the infrared range; the star 28 Tau seems to have experienced the dissipation and subsequent growth of a new CSD; and, 12 Vul seems to have completely lost its disk. In our analysis, we find a significant relation between the positions of Be stars on the Lenorzer diagram and the variation in the Hα emission. The emissions of optically thick media are consistent with positive Hα variations, while those of optically thin with negative variation; this accounts for the effects that changes on internal regions of Be disk have on the external ones.

Abstract Copyright: © 2025. The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd on behalf of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP).

Journal keyword(s): Be stars - Circumstellar disks - Spectroscopy - Emission line stars - Infrared astronomy - H-alpha stars

Simbad objects: 52

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