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2025PASP..137k4207S - Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac., 137, part no 11, 4207 (2025/November-0)

Characterizing the Host Galaxies and Delay Times of Ca-rich Gap Transients versus 91bg-like SNe and Normal Type Ia SNe.

SCHERBAK P., POLIN A., KASLIWAL M., DE K., BEHROOZI P., COOK D. and JACOBSON-GALAN W.V.

Abstract (from CDS):

Calcium-rich gap transients are a faint, fast-evolving class of supernovae that show strong nebular Ca emission lines. Their progenitor systems are uncertain, but they are often associated with old and quiescent host galaxies. In this work, we compare the properties of the hosts of hydrogen-poor Ca-rich gap transients to the hosts of 3 other classes of supernova (SNe): normal Type Ia, 91bg-like, and Type II. We use data from the Zwicky Transient Facility Census of the Local Universe (CLU) experiment to build up our 4 SNe samples and identify the host galaxies. A combination of precomputed host properties from the CLU catalog and those derived from spectral energy distribution fitting are used to characterize each host's stellar mass, star formation rate, and specific star formation rate (sSFR). We find that the hosts of Ca-rich gap transients and 91bg-like SNe occupy a similar parameter space of mass and sSFR, and are more massive and quiescent compared to the hosts of Type Ia and Type II SNe. Additionally, we construct delay time distributions (DTDs) for our 4 samples, finding that Ca-rich gap transients and 91bg-like SNe have the longest peak delay times ∼104 Myr, compared to the peak delay times of Type Ia SNe (∼103 Myr) and Type II SNe (∼10 Myr). The similarity of host environment and DTDs for Ca-rich gap transients and 91bg-like SNe motivates further analysis of the relationship of these two transient classes.

Abstract Copyright: © 2025. The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd on behalf of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP).

Journal keyword(s): Transient sources - Supernovae - Star formation - Galaxy stellar content

Simbad objects: 19

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