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2026ApJ..1000...46T - Astrophys. J., 1000, 46 (2026/March-3)

Ultra-faint Milky Way Satellites Discovered in Carina, Phoenix, and Telescopium with DELVE Data Release 3.

TAN C.Y., CERNY W., PACE A.B., SHARP J.A., OVERDECK K., DRLICA-WAGNER A., SIMON J.D., MUTLU-PAKDIL B., SAND D.J., SENKEVICH A.M., ERKAL D., FERGUSON P.S., SOBREIRA F., ATZBERGER K.R., CARLIN J.L., CHITI A., CRNOJEVIC D., JI A.P., JOHNSON L.C., LI T.S., LIMBERG G., MARTINEZ-VAZQUEZ C.E., MEDINA G.E., PLACCO V.M., RILEY A.H., TOLLERUD E.J., VIVAS A.K., ABBOTT T.M.C., AGUENA M., ALVES O., BACON D., BOCQUET S., BROOKS D., BURKE D.L., CAMILLERI R., CARBALLO-BELLO J.A., CARNERO ROSELL A., CARRETERO J., CHENG T.-Y., CHOI Y., DA COSTA L.N., DA SILVA PEREIRA M.E., DAVIS T.M., DE VICENTE J., DESAI S., DOEL P., EVERETT S., FLAUGHER B., FRIEMAN J., GARCIA-BELLIDO J., GRUEN D., GUTIERREZ G., HINTON S.R., HOLLOWOOD D.L., JAMES D.J., KUEHN K., LEE S., MARSHALL J.L., MENA-FERNANDEZ J., MENANTEAU F., MIQUEL R., MYLES J., NAVABI M., NIDEVER D.L., NOEL N.E.D., OGANDO R.L.C., PLAZAS MALAGON A.A., PORREDON A., SAMUROFF S., SANCHEZ E., SANCHEZ CID D., SEVILLA-NOARBE I., SMITH M., STRINGFELLOW G.S., SUCHYTA E., SWANSON M.E.C., VIKRAM V., WALKER A.R., ZENTENO A. (The DELVE Collaboration) (The DES Collaboration)

Abstract (from CDS):

We report the discovery of three Milky Way satellite candidates: Carina IV, Phoenix III, and DELVE 7, in the third data release of the DECam Local Volume Exploration survey (DELVE). The candidate systems were identified by cross-matching results from two independent search algorithms. All three are extremely faint systems composed of old, metal-poor stellar populations (τ ≳ 10 Gyr, [Fe/H] ≲-1.4). Carina IV (MV = -2.8; r1/2 = 40 pc) and Phoenix III (MV = -1.2; r1/2 = 19 pc) have half-light radii that are consistent with the known population of dwarf galaxies, while DELVE 7 (MV = 1.2; r1/2 = 2 pc) is very compact and seems more likely to be a star cluster, though its nature remains ambiguous without spectroscopic follow-up. The Gaia proper motions of stars in Carina IV (${M}_{\star }=225{0}_{-830}^{+1180}\,{M}_{\odot }$) indicate that it is unlikely to be associated with the LMC, while DECam CaHK photometry confirms that its member stars are metal poor. Phoenix III (${M}_{\star }=52{0}_{-290}^{+660}\,{M}_{\odot }$) is the faintest known satellite in the extreme outer stellar halo (DGC > 100 kpc), while DELVE 7 (${M}_{\star }=6{0}_{-40}^{+120}\,{M}_{\odot }$) is the faintest known satellite with DGC > 20 kpc.

Abstract Copyright: © 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Dwarf galaxies - Local Group - Sky surveys - Milky Way dark matter halo

Nomenclature: Fig. 1, Table 1: NAME Carina IV Dwarf Galaxy N=1, NAME Phoenix III N=1, DELVE N (No. 7) added.

Status at CDS : All or part of tables of objects will be ingested in SIMBAD with priority 1.

Simbad objects: 33

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