1999ApJ...511L..89S

The gamma-ray burst GRB 920229 has four extreme and unprecedented properties: a spike near the end of the burst has a rise in brightness with an e-folding timescale of 220±30 µs, a fall in brightness with an e-folding timescale of 400±100 µs, and a large change in spectral shape over a time of 768 µs, while the spectrum of the entire burst has a sharp spectral cutoff to high energies with ΔE/E=18%. The rapid changes occur during a spike in the light curve that was seen 0.164 s after the start of the burst. The spectrum has a peak νF_ν at 200 keV with no significant flux above 239 keV, although the cutoff energy shifts to less than 100 keV during the decay of the spike. These numbers can be used to place severe limits on fireball models of bursts. The thickness of the energy production region must be smaller than ∼66 km, ejected shells must have a dispersion of the Lorentz factor of less than roughly 1% along a particular radius, and the angular size of the radiation emission region is on the order of 1' as viewed from the burst center. The physical mechanism that caused the sharp spectral cutoff has not been determined.