1999ApJ...527..573K

Query : 1999ApJ...527..573K

1999ApJ...527..573K - Astrophys. J., 527, 573-599 (1999/December-3)

Gradients of absorption-line strengths in elliptical galaxies.

KOBAYASHI C. and ARIMOTO N.

Abstract (from CDS):

We have restudied line-strength gradients of 80 elliptical galaxies. Typical metallicity gradients of elliptical galaxies are Δ[Fe/H]/Δlogr≃-0.3, which is flatter than the gradients predicted by monolithic collapse simulations. The metallicity gradients do not correlate with any physical properties of galaxies, including central and mean metallicities, central velocity dispersions σ0, absolute B magnitudes MB, absolute effective radii Re, and dynamical masses of galaxies. By using the metallicity gradients, we have calculated mean stellar metallicities for individual ellipticals. Typical mean stellar metallicities are <[Fe/H]≥~-0.3 and range from <[Fe/H]≥~-0.8 to +0.3, which is contrary to what Gonzalez & Gorgas claimed; the mean metallicities of ellipticals are not universal. The mean metallicities correlate well with σ0 and dynamical masses, though relations for MB and Re include significant scatters. We find fundamental planes defined by surface brightnesses SBe, <[Fe/H]>, and Re (or MB), the scatters of which are much smaller than those of the <][Fe/H]>-Re (or <][Fe/H]>-MB) relations. The <][Fe/H]>-logσ0 relation is nearly parallel to the [Fe/H]0-logσ0 relation but systematically lower by 0.3 dex; thus the mean metallicities are about one-half of the central values. The metallicity-mass relation or, equivalently, the color-magnitude relation of ellipticals holds not only for the central parts of galaxies but also for entire galaxies. Assuming that Mg2 and Fe1 give [Mg/H] and [Fe/H], respectively, we find <[Mg/Fe]≥~+0.2 in most of elliptical galaxies. <][Mg/Fe]> shows no correlation with galaxy mass tracers such as σ0, in contrast to what was claimed for the central [Mg/Fe]. This can be most naturally explained if the star formation had stopped in elliptical galaxies before the bulk of Type Ia supernovae began to occur. Elliptical galaxies can have significantly different metallicity gradients and <][Fe/H]>, even if they have the same galaxy mass. This may result from galaxy mergers, but no evidence is found from presently available data to support the same origin for metallicity gradients, the scatters around the metallicity-mass relation, and dynamical disturbances. This may suggest that the scatters have their origin at the formation epoch of galaxies.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): Galaxies: Abundances - Galaxies: Elliptical and Lenticular, cD - Galaxies: Formation - Galaxies: Interactions

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/527/573): table1.dat table2.dat table4.dat refs.dat>

Simbad objects: 82

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Number of rows : 82
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 315 LIN 00 57 48.88334410 +30 21 08.8119345 12.80 12.20 11.16 11.26   ~ 869 2
2 NGC 547 rG 01 26 00.6208982520 -01 20 42.432452268   13.16 13.34     ~ 363 4
3 NGC 584 Sy2 01 31 20.7231919800 -06 52 04.770287472 11.93 11.44 10.48     ~ 417 2
4 NGC 636 EmG 01 39 06.5293238064 -07 30 45.475975296   12.5       ~ 196 0
5 BAX 028.2522-13.7387 ClG 01 53 00.40 -13 44 18.0           ~ 389 0
6 NGC 720 Sy1 01 53 00.523 -13 44 19.25   12.4   10.36   ~ 536 0
7 NGC 741 rG 01 56 23.2 +05 37 35   13.2       ~ 309 2
8 NGC 821 AG? 02 08 21.1358498040 +10 59 41.832436704   12.210 11.310 10.739 9.744 ~ 592 0
9 NGC 1052 Bla 02 41 04.79849989 -08 15 20.7519527 11.84 11.41 10.47 10.71   ~ 1397 2
10 NGC 1209 EmG 03 06 03.020 -15 36 40.58   12   11.42   ~ 153 0
11 NGC 1298 GiG 03 20 13.0777329888 -02 06 50.671674648   14.2       ~ 50 1
12 NGC 1453 EmG 03 46 27.2307890592 -03 58 07.831476768   13   11.30   ~ 189 0
13 NGC 1600 rG 04 31 39.858 -05 05 09.97   8.9   10.81   ~ 409 1
14 MCG-02-12-039 rG 04 33 37.8465077496 -13 15 42.989961204   13.95 14.22     ~ 104 2
15 NGC 1700 EmG 04 56 56.3160873072 -04 51 56.794713228   12   11.14   ~ 356 1
16 NGC 2434 EmG 07 34 51.1504542360 -69 17 02.996020032 12.82 12.50 11.26 10.84   ~ 192 1
17 NGC 2663 rG 08 45 08.14444454 -33 47 41.0643347   11.85 12.33 9.75   ~ 111 1
18 NGC 2778 GiP 09 12 24.3741783168 +35 01 39.140496840   13.1       ~ 303 0
19 NGC 2832 LIN 09 19 46.853 +33 44 59.07   13.3 13.17     ~ 274 3
20 NGC 2974 Sy2 09 42 33.2918467632 -03 41 57.038311068   12.19   10.77   ~ 463 0
21 NGC 3078 rG 09 58 24.59498715 -26 55 35.9552427   12.00 11.07 10.51   ~ 164 1
22 NGC 3136B GiG 10 10 12.9524527944 -67 00 18.067788360   13.32   11.75   ~ 54 0
23 NGC 3226 rG 10 23 27.0064075320 +19 53 54.674937420   14.32 13.33     ~ 440 1
24 NGC 3250 rG 10 26 32.2832570136 -39 56 38.471500356   12.26 11.03 10.57   ~ 96 0
25 NGC 3260 GiG 10 29 06.3956235984 -35 35 42.453138552   13.72 14.39 12.11   ~ 58 0
26 NGC 3377 GiP 10 47 42.400 +13 59 08.30 11.55 11.24 10.38     ~ 798 1
27 M 105 LIN 10 47 49.600 +12 34 53.87   10.56 9.76 9.12 8.18 ~ 1504 0
28 NGC 3557 Sy1 11 09 57.653 -37 32 21.02   11.50 10.40 9.79   ~ 283 2
29 NGC 3608 LIN 11 16 58.967 +18 08 54.71   11.7       ~ 527 0
30 NGC 3818 EmG 11 41 57.3563891040 -06 09 20.459153376   13   11.78   ~ 186 0
31 NGC 4073 BiC 12 04 27.0598775760 +01 53 45.611893752   13.8 13.21 14.249   ~ 211 1
32 NGC 4261 LIN 12 19 23.2160630 +05 49 29.700024   13.92 12.87     ~ 1290 0
33 NGC 4278 LIN 12 20 06.8242 +29 16 50.722 11.54 11.09 10.16     ~ 988 2
34 NGC 4365 GiG 12 24 28.228 +07 19 03.07   11.5       ~ 871 0
35 M 84 Sy2 12 25 03.74333 +12 53 13.1393 12.67 12.09 10.49     ~ 1841 2
36 M 86 GiG 12 26 11.814 +12 56 45.49 10.32 9.83 8.90   7.50 ~ 1126 1
37 IC 3370 Sy2 12 27 37.3278534168 -39 20 16.247588712   11.99 12.12 10.39   ~ 152 0
38 M 49 Sy2 12 29 46.8 +08 00 01   13.21 12.17     ~ 2174 2
39 NGC 4478 GiP 12 30 17.4160005576 +12 19 42.790577160 12.82 12.36 11.45   10.17 ~ 508 1
40 M 87 AGN 12 30 49.42338414 +12 23 28.0436859 10.16 9.59 8.63   7.49 ~ 7815 3
41 NGC 4489 GiG 12 30 52.2472748976 +16 45 31.866359004   13.2       ~ 264 0
42 NGC 4494 GiP 12 31 24.0391348536 +25 46 30.071664120   10.55 9.74     ~ 491 0
43 M 89 Sy2 12 35 39.80733343 +12 33 22.8308657 11.29 10.73 9.75     ~ 1037 2
44 NAME NGC 4636 Group GrG 12 42 49.5 +02 41 08           ~ 570 0
45 NGC 4636 LIN 12 42 49.8333280080 +02 41 15.951929028   12.62 11.84     ~ 1156 1
46 M 60 GiC 12 43 39.9708251934 +11 33 09.688174067   10.3       ~ 1395 1
47 NGC 4697 GiG 12 48 35.8981498824 -05 48 02.482374564   10.97   9.83   ~ 895 0
48 NGC 4696 rG 12 48 49.2724775784 -41 18 39.304053252   11.21   10.7   ~ 510 3
49 NGC 4729 GiG 12 51 46.2922103760 -41 07 56.089689600   13.49   11.82   ~ 58 1
50 NGC 4839 BiC 12 57 24.3563164776 +27 29 52.203087132 13.56 13.02 12.06     ~ 482 3
51 NGC 4874 LIN 12 59 35.7093764280 +27 57 33.293892204 13.01 13.7 12.71 12.27 11.386 ~ 814 3
52 NGC 5011 EmG 13 12 51.8644891368 -43 05 46.645742832   12.14 11.33 10.51   ~ 92 0
53 NGC 5018 GiP 13 13 01.0452720960 -19 31 05.649751992   11.71   10.31   ~ 335 1
54 NGC 5044 BiC 13 15 23.9607836592 -16 23 07.547751744   11.9   10.74   ~ 531 0
55 NGC 5077 rG 13 19 31.66962921 -12 39 25.0765176   13.87 12.85 11.30   ~ 312 1
56 NGC 5090 rG 13 21 12.84471811 -43 42 16.8452073   12.59 11.51 10.84   ~ 208 1
57 NGC 5322 SyG 13 49 15.24 +60 11 25.8   11.3       ~ 432 2
58 NGC 5638 GiP 14 29 40.3717451400 +03 13 59.987811648 12.57 12.14 11.20     ~ 252 2
59 NGC 5796 GiP 14 59 24.115 -16 37 26.55   13   11.37   ~ 118 0
60 NGC 5812 EmG 15 00 55.708 -07 27 26.33   12   11.19   ~ 164 0
61 NGC 5813 LIN 15 01 11.2302420864 +01 42 07.141569696 12.00 11.45 10.46 10.06   ~ 673 2
62 NGC 5831 GiG 15 04 07.0002600408 +01 13 11.705607012   13.1   11.19   ~ 304 0
63 NGC 5846 rG 15 06 29.253 +01 36 20.29   11.9   9.74   ~ 891 2
64 NGC 5903 GiG 15 18 36.529 -24 04 06.94   12.11 11.48 10.73   ~ 145 1
65 NGC 6125 AG? 16 19 11.5344941208 +57 59 02.863041504   13.0       ~ 106 0
66 NGC 6166 Sy2 16 28 38.24470063 +39 33 04.2335319   12.78 11.78     ~ 793 2
67 NGC 6702 AG? 18 46 57.5835209136 +45 42 20.305242180 15.30 14.73 13.05     ~ 148 0
68 IC 4889 EmG 19 45 15.168 -54 20 38.91   12.25 11.08 10.73 11.5 ~ 140 0
69 IC 4943 GiP 20 06 28.249 -48 22 32.39   13.87 13.19 12.56   ~ 73 0
70 NGC 6868 Sy2 20 09 54.08207 -48 22 46.2470   11.58 9.22 10.01 7.91 ~ 239 2
71 NGC 7052 rG 21 18 33.0441963648 +26 26 49.174586196 15.52 14.85 13.09     ~ 348 1
72 NGC 7097 EmG 21 40 12.9231946008 -42 32 21.879559932   12.66 11.71 11.21   ~ 123 0
73 NGC 7192 Sy2 22 06 50.1107894976 -64 18 58.721070096   12.21 11.21 10.77   ~ 148 0
74 NGC 7200 Sy2 22 07 09.5077516152 -49 59 43.769752080   13.73   12.39   ~ 58 0
75 IC 1459 rG 22 57 10.60682195 -36 27 43.9966421   10.96 11.85 9.34 10.3 ~ 652 2
76 NGC 7454 GiG 23 01 06.5120307216 +16 23 18.484008792   13.6       ~ 157 0
77 NGC 7562 GiP 23 15 57.4982037648 +06 41 15.227839176   13.0       ~ 173 0
78 NGC 7619 GiG 23 20 14.524 +08 12 22.63   12.7       ~ 472 0
79 NGC 7626 rG 23 20 42.524 +08 13 01.43   12.8       ~ 438 1
80 NGC 7720 Sy1 23 38 29.38324020 +27 01 53.2580084   13.9 13.3     ~ 565 4
81 NGC 7768 BiC 23 50 58.5485212104 +27 08 50.446633668   14.0 14.23     ~ 198 0
82 NGC 7785 AG? 23 55 19.0388560224 +05 54 56.735224164   13.00       ~ 179 1

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