2000A&A...358..471F

Query : 2000A&A...358..471F

2000A&A...358..471F - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 358471-480 (2000/6-2)

The elliptical galaxy formerly known as the Local Group: merging the globular cluster systems.

FORBES D.A., MASTERS K.L., MINNITI D. and BARMBY P.

Abstract (from CDS):

Prompted by a new catalogue of M31 globular clusters, we have collected together individual metallicity values for globular clusters in the Local Group. Although we briefly describe the globular cluster systems of the individual Local Group galaxies, the main thrust of our paper is to examine the collective properties. In this way we are simulating the dissipationless merger of the Local Group, into presumably an elliptical galaxy. Such a merger is dominated by the Milky Way and M31, which appear to be fairly typical examples of globular cluster systems of spiral galaxies. The Local Group `Elliptical' has about 700±125 globular clusters, with a luminosity function resembling the `universal' one. The metallicity distribution has peaks at [Fe/H]~-1.55 and -0.64 with a metal-poor to metal-rich ratio of 2.5:1. The specific frequency of the Local Group Elliptical is initially about 1 but rises to about 3, when the young stellar populations fade and the galaxy resembles an old elliptical. The metallicity distribution and stellar population corrected specific frequency are similar to that of some known early type galaxies. Based on our results, we briefly speculate on the origin of globular cluster systems in galaxies.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: formation - Galaxy: halo - galaxies: star clusters - cosmology: observations - cosmology: early Universe

CDS comments: Table 3: Aquarius-1 not identified.

Simbad objects: 127

goto View the references in ADS

Number of rows : 127
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 [BHE2002] WLM 1 GlC 00 01 49.48 -15 27 30.7   16.64 16.06     ~ 23 0
2 MCG-03-01-015 G 00 01 57.9 -15 27 50   11.50 11.10 10.93   ~ 782 2
3 NGC 7814 GiG 00 03 14.947 +16 08 42.82   12.0       ~ 313 1
4 Cl Lindsay 1 Cl* 00 03 53.50 -73 28 15.0   11.7       ~ 125 0
5 ESO 349-31 AG? 00 08 13.1536 -34 34 47.836   15.54   14.99   ~ 156 3
6 IC 10 rG 00 20 17.33520 +59 18 13.6480   13.6 9.5     ~ 1185 1
7 ESO 28-19 Cl* 00 24 45.98 -72 47 37.9   11.6 12.05     ~ 152 0
8 ESO 28-22 OpC 00 27 45.17 -72 46 52.5 14.78 14.75 13.95   12.75 ~ 55 0
9 NGC 147 GiG 00 33 12.120 +48 30 31.46   12.0 9.5     ~ 720 1
10 FJJ NGC 147 I GlC 00 33 12.19 +48 30 32.4 19.1 18.5 17.7     ~ 6 0
11 FJJ NGC 147 III GlC 00 33 13.59 +48 28 48.6 17.7 17.6 17.0     ~ 6 0
12 NAME Andromeda III G 00 35 33.8 +36 29 52     14.4     ~ 309 0
13 FJJ NGC 185 I GlC 00 38 42.70 +48 18 40.4 19.4 19.2 18.4     ~ 9 0
14 FJJ NGC 185 II GlC 00 38 48.1 +48 18 15     19.7     ~ 9 0
15 NGC 185 Sy2 00 38 57.9400026024 +48 20 15.035874648   9.10 9.2     ~ 840 1
16 FJJ NGC 185 III GlC 00 39 03.80 +48 19 57.5 17.8 17.7 16.8     ~ 10 0
17 FJJ NGC 185 IV GlC 00 39 12.20 +48 22 48.2 19.75 19.7 19.0     ~ 10 0
18 FJJ NGC 185 V GlC 00 39 13.40 +48 23 04.9   17.4 16.7     ~ 10 0
19 Bol 317 GlC 00 39 55.2775066416 +41 47 46.068542520 17.580 17.304 16.573 16.130 15.713 ~ 51 0
20 M 110 GiG 00 40 22.0572349992 +41 41 07.507220136   8.92 8.07     ~ 1370 1
21 Bol 328 GlC 00 40 24.5776022448 +41 40 22.510495740 19.230 18.750 17.861   16.918 ~ 45 0
22 Bol 330 GlC 00 40 25.6103445552 +41 42 53.692358616 18.760 18.670 17.724 17.170 16.555 ~ 38 0
23 Bol 331 GlC 00 40 26.15 +41 42 04.2   18.440 18.191   17.076 ~ 34 0
24 Bol 9 GlC 00 40 30.6999535344 +41 36 55.732742820 17.540 17.630 16.920 16.420 15.870 ~ 51 0
25 Bol 11 GlC 00 40 31.8784227360 +41 39 17.046655128 17.590 17.390 16.578 16.100 15.564 ~ 58 0
26 M 32 GiG 00 42 41.82480 +40 51 54.6120 9.51 9.03 8.08     ~ 2236 2
27 M 31 AGN 00 42 44.330 +41 16 07.50 4.86 4.36 3.44     ~ 13622 1
28 NAME Andromeda I G 00 45 39.8 +38 02 28   13.9 12.7     ~ 355 0
29 NGC 253 SyG 00 47 33.134 -25 17 19.68   8.03   6.94 8.1 ~ 3588 2
30 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 12317 1
31 NGC 339 OpC 00 57 47.62 -74 28 14.6 13.23 12.94 12.21   11.20 ~ 157 0
32 NGC 361 OpC 01 02 11.11 -71 36 25.3 12.86 12.43 11.77   10.70 ~ 105 0
33 NAME Pisces I G 01 03 55.0 +21 53 06   16.18 14.3     ~ 404 0
34 IC 1613 GiC 01 04 48.4071 +02 07 10.185   10.42 10.01 9.77   ~ 1316 2
35 NGC 416 Cl* 01 07 59.03 -72 21 20.5 12.73 12.55 11.76   10.71 ~ 156 1
36 NAME Andromeda V G 01 10 17.1 +47 37 41     15.3     ~ 215 0
37 NAME Andromeda II G 01 16 29.8 +33 25 09     11.7     ~ 402 0
38 CBF 54 GlC 01 33 14.2863375672 +30 28 22.530659808 19.362 19.129 18.323 17.752 17.258 ~ 35 0
39 [SSA2010] 1203 GlC 01 33 28.6875445368 +30 41 35.186506296 18.092 18.042 17.286 16.846 16.379 ~ 30 0
40 [SM2007] 96 GlC 01 33 29.30 +30 44 01.6 19.942 19.718 19.122 18.793 18.216 ~ 5 0
41 [SSA2010] 1229 Cl* 01 33 30.68 +30 26 31.8 19.138 18.832 18.010 17.518 16.917 ~ 12 1
42 [SSA2010] 1230 GlC 01 33 30.70 +30 22 21.4 18.988 18.583 18.036 17.644 17.206 ~ 25 0
43 [SM2007] 108 GlC 01 33 31.22 +30 54 41.6 19.614 19.380 18.722 18.224 17.743 ~ 9 0
44 [SM2007] 129 GlC 01 33 34.96 +30 55 06.1 20.925 20.863 20.094 19.502 18.756 ~ 5 0
45 [SBG2007] 4 GlC 01 33 35.0831406456 +30 49 00.041875644 19.988 19.447 18.373 17.692 17.099 ~ 27 0
46 [SSA2010] 1458 GlC 01 33 45.10 +30 47 46.7 17.210 17.081 16.298 15.823 15.311 ~ 40 0
47 M 33 GiG 01 33 50.8965749232 +30 39 36.630403128 6.17 6.27 5.72     ~ 6226 1
48 [CS82] C21 Cl* 01 33 51.30 +30 50 55.8 19.199 19.198 18.706 18.321 17.784 ~ 7 0
49 [SSA2010] 1566 GlC 01 33 52.20 +30 29 03.8 18.297 18.126 17.290 16.773 16.277 ~ 34 0
50 [CS82] U23 GlC 01 33 57.10 +30 50 31.5 19.550 19.532 18.666 18.209 17.612 ~ 7 1
51 [SSA2010] 1710 GlC 01 34 02.4399063576 +30 40 40.579894668 17.815 17.521 16.545 15.930 15.313 ~ 25 0
52 [SSA2010] 1765 GlC 01 34 08.04 +30 38 38.2 17.512 17.286 16.376 15.839 15.282 ~ 29 0
53 [CS82] C32 GlC 01 34 10.67 +30 35 16.8 19.139 18.926 18.310 17.868 17.496 ~ 10 1
54 [SSA2010] 2016 Cl* 01 34 24.53 +30 53 05.4 19.261 19.014 18.199 17.668 17.119 ~ 19 0
55 [SSA2010] 2023 Cl* 01 34 25.40 +30 41 28.4 18.324 18.181 17.507 17.095 16.660 ~ 16 0
56 [CS82] C3 Cl* 01 34 29.2739180256 +30 56 06.008155080 19.206 18.938 18.266 17.818 17.198 ~ 13 0
57 [SSA2010] 2075 GlC 01 34 30.20 +30 38 13.0 17.848 17.880 17.127 16.618 16.108 ~ 34 0
58 [SSA2010] 2222 GlC 01 34 44.20 +30 52 18.9 18.565 18.427 17.578 17.073 16.595 ~ 28 0
59 Cl Lindsay 113 Cl* 01 49 30.0 -73 43 40   11.9       ~ 97 0
60 NAME Phoenix Dwarf Galaxy Sy1 01 51 06.3 -44 26 41   13.48 13.2 12.69   ~ 575 2
61 NAME Fornax H1 Cl* 02 37 02.1 -34 11 00     16.59     ~ 107 0
62 NAME Fornax H2 GlC 02 38 44.24 -34 48 30.5   14.5       ~ 93 0
63 NAME Fornax H3 GlC 02 39 48.16 -34 15 28.6   13.59       ~ 131 0
64 MCG-06-07-001 G 02 39 59.3 -34 26 57   9.02 7.4     ~ 1894 1
65 NAME Fornax H4 GlC 02 40 07.697 -34 32 10.59   15.18 13.91 14.08   ~ 112 0
66 NAME Fornax H5 GlC 02 42 21.111 -34 06 05.80   14.5       ~ 101 0
67 NGC 1399 rG 03 38 29.083 -35 27 02.67 11.05 9.74 9.59 8.12   ~ 1636 1
68 NGC 1466 GlC 03 44 32.71 -71 40 18.0   11.6 11.59     ~ 166 0
69 NAME Ret GlC 04 36 10.15 -58 51 34.8   14.00 14.25 13.50   ~ 177 1
70 NGC 1841 GlC 04 45 24.38 -83 59 53.3   12.23 11.43     ~ 190 0
71 NGC 1754 Cl* 04 54 18.080 -70 26 32.58   12.32 11.57     ~ 96 0
72 NGC 1786 Cl* 04 59 07.470 -67 44 45.44   10.1       ~ 152 0
73 NGC 1835 Cl* 05 05 09.210 -69 24 20.96   11.314 10.596     ~ 173 0
74 NGC 1898 As* 05 16 45.380 -69 39 16.76   12.62 11.86     ~ 104 0
75 NGC 1916 Cl* 05 18 37.87 -69 24 22.9   11.16 10.38     ~ 94 0
76 NGC 1928 Cl* 05 20 55.940 -69 28 34.96   13.34 12.47     ~ 68 0
77 NGC 1939 Cl* 05 21 26.82 -69 56 59.0   12.52 11.83     ~ 61 0
78 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
79 NGC 2005 Cl* 05 30 08.500 -69 45 14.42   12.30 11.57     ~ 103 0
80 NGC 2019 Cl* 05 31 56.48 -70 09 32.5   10.9 10.86     ~ 124 0
81 ESO 86-22 Cl* 05 42 29.090 -65 21 46.33     13.8     ~ 44 0
82 NGC 2121 Cl* 05 48 13.190 -71 28 52.00   13.21 12.37     ~ 134 0
83 NGC 2155 Cl* 05 58 32.070 -65 28 38.62   13.41 12.60     ~ 107 0
84 ESO 121-3 Cl* 06 02 03.32 -60 31 25.6   14.91 14.04     ~ 118 0
85 NGC 2210 GlC 06 11 31.296 -69 07 17.04   10.9 10.94     ~ 196 0
86 NAME Hodge 11 GlC 06 14 22.92 -69 50 54.9   12.57 11.93     ~ 117 0
87 NGC 2257 Cl* 06 30 12.62 -64 19 40.0   13.24 12.62     ~ 228 0
88 ESO 206-20A G 06 41 36.7 -50 57 58   22.14 11.0 19.47   ~ 1190 0
89 NGC 2683 AGN 08 52 41.3064829584 +33 25 18.597681516 11.57 10.68 9.79 9.38   ~ 475 1
90 M 81 Sy2 09 55 33.1726556496 +69 03 55.062505368   7.89 6.94     ~ 4725 3
91 Z 153-10 G 09 59 26.46 +30 44 47.0 14.08 13.54 13.26 13.33   ~ 652 0
92 Z 64-73 G 10 08 28.12 +12 18 23.4   11.3 10.0     ~ 1284 1
93 NAME Sextans dSph LSB 10 13 02.9 -01 36 53   12 10.4     ~ 921 0
94 Z 126-111 G 11 13 28.13 +22 09 10.1   12.9 12.0     ~ 899 0
95 NGC 4216 AGN 12 15 54.444 +13 08 57.84 11.51 10.99 10.01     ~ 424 1
96 M 87 AGN 12 30 49.42338414 +12 23 28.0436859 10.16 9.59 8.63   7.49 ~ 7815 3
97 NGC 4565 Sy2 12 36 20.804 +25 59 14.61   13.61 12.43     ~ 991 0
98 M 90 Sy2 12 36 49.8009839880 +13 09 46.523813040 10.56 10.26 9.54     ~ 953 1
99 M 104 LIN 12 39 59.43185902 -11 37 22.9961800 9.51 9.55 8.00 8.05   ~ 1465 2
100 NGC 5170 GiP 13 29 48.7664804592 -17 57 59.370796728   12.08 10.79 10.63 11.0 ~ 186 0
101 Z 318-18 G 15 09 08.0 +67 13 21   13.60 10.6     ~ 1459 0
102 NGC 5906 GiG 15 15 53.687 +56 19 43.86   11.4       ~ 807 0
103 Z 300-12 G 17 20 14.335 +57 55 16.39   12.40 10.6     ~ 1428 1
104 M 54 GlC 18 55 03.33 -30 28 47.5           ~ 1164 0
105 NAME SDG G 18 55 19.0 -30 32 43   4.5 3.6     ~ 2438 2
106 Cl Terzan 7 GlC 19 17 43.92 -34 39 27.8           ~ 460 0
107 Cl Arp 2 GlC 19 28 44.11 -30 21 20.3     12.41     ~ 384 0
108 NAME Sgr dIG G 19 29 59.0 -17 40 41   15.5 13.6     ~ 323 1
109 Cl Terzan 8 GlC 19 41 44.41 -33 59 58.1     11.54     ~ 357 0
110 [H25] VII Cl* 19 44 55.77 -14 48 56.2   16.68 15.85     ~ 25 0
111 NGC 6822 G 19 44 56.199 -14 47 51.29   18 8.1     ~ 1661 0
112 MCG-02-53-003 G 20 46 51.7 -12 50 54 15.75 15.18 14.83 14.46   ~ 470 1
113 NAME Tuc Galaxy G 22 41 49.6 -64 25 10   15.7 15.2     ~ 324 0
114 NAME Pisces II G 22 58 31.0 +05 57 09     16.3     ~ 283 0
115 NAME Andromeda VII GiG 23 26 31.0 +50 40 33   13.6 11.8     ~ 222 1
116 Z 431-72 G 23 28 35.2 +14 44 35 13.85 13.16 12.52     ~ 499 1
117 NAME Peg dSph GiG 23 51 46.3 +24 34 57   14.5 13.2     ~ 250 2
118 [CS82] S160 ? ~ ~   20.84 19.73     ~ 2 0
119 [HS80] R15 GlC ~ ~           ~ 1 0
120 [HS80] R13 GlC ~ ~           ~ 1 0
121 NAME Local Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 9325 0
122 [CS82] R13 ? ~ ~   17.18 16.36     ~ 3 0
123 [CS82] S247 ? ~ ~   20.31 18.87     ~ 2 0
124 [CS82] R15 ? ~ ~   16.99 16.38     ~ 3 0
125 [CS82] S72 ? ~ ~   19.22 18.49     ~ 2 0
126 [CS82] S24 ? ~ ~   19.54 18.49     ~ 2 0
127 [CS82] S161 ? ~ ~   20.04 19.43     ~ 2 0

To bookmark this query, right click on this link: simbad:objects in 2000A&A...358..471F and select 'bookmark this link' or equivalent in the popup menu