2004A&A...418..445M

Query : 2004A&A...418..445M

2004A&A...418..445M - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 418445-458 (2004/5-1)

Fornax compact object survey FCOS: On the nature of Ultra Compact Dwarf galaxies.

MIESKE S., HILKER M. and INFANTE L.

Abstract (from CDS):

The results of the Fornax Compact Object Survey (FCOS) are presented, complementing the first part of the FCOS described in Mieske et al. (2002A&A...383..823M). The FCOS aims at investigating the nature of the Ultra Compact Dwarf galaxies (UCDs) recently discovered in the center of the Fornax cluster (Drinkwater et al., 2000PASA...17..227). 280 unresolved objects with colours 0<(V-I)<1.5mag in the magnitude space covering UCDs and bright globular clusters (18<V<21mag) were observed spectroscopically. 54 new Fornax members were found, plus five of the seven already known UCDs. Their distribution in radial velocity, colour, magnitude and space was investigated. It is found that bright compact objects (V<20 or MV←11.4mag), including the UCDs, have a higher mean velocity than faint compact objects (V>20mag) at 96% confidence. The mean velocity of the bright compact objects is consistent with that of the dwarf galaxy population in Fornax, but inconsistent with that of NGC 1399's globular cluster (GC) system at 93.5% confidence. The compact objects follow a colour magnitude relation with a slope very similar to that of normal dEs, but shifted about 0.2mag redwards. The magnitude distribution of compact objects shows a fluent transition between UCDs and GCs. A slight overpopulation of 8±4 objects for V<20mag is detected with respect to the extrapolation of NGC 1399's GC luminosity function. The spatial distribution of bright compact objects is in comparison to the faint ones more extended at 88% confidence. All our findings are consistent with the threshing scenario (Bekki et al., 2003MNRAS.344..399B), suggesting that a substantial fraction of compact Fornax members brighter than V≃20mag could be created by threshing dE,Ns. Fainter than V≃20mag, the majority of the objects seem to be genuine GCs. Our results are also consistent with merged stellar super-clusters (Fellhauer & Kroupa, 2002MNRAS.330..642F) as an alternative explanation for the bright compact objects.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: clusters: general - galaxies: dwarf - galaxies: fundamental parameters - galaxies: kinematics and dynamics - galaxies: star clusters - Galaxy: globular clusters: general

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/418/445): fcos2.dat>

Nomenclature: Table 1: FCOS F-NNNN N=280.

Simbad objects: 186

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Number of rows : 186
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 FCOS 9-2049 * 03 36 30.55 -35 53 16.4     19.82     ~ 1 0
2 FCOS 9-2058 * 03 36 30.91 -35 50 28.0     20.30     ~ 1 0
3 FCOS 4-2073 ? 03 36 36.22 -35 07 40.8     20.51     ~ 1 0
4 FCOS 9-2050 * 03 36 39.12 -35 53 08.5     19.79     ~ 1 0
5 FCOS 9-2036 * 03 36 42.29 -35 56 32.3     19.52     ~ 1 0
6 2MASS J03364334-3545386 G 03 36 43.3479043992 -35 45 38.728197468   18.7 18.25     ~ 2 0
7 FCOS 9-2007 * 03 36 44.52 -36 05 41.6     19.78     ~ 1 0
8 FCOS 9-2057 * 03 36 45.12 -35 50 40.6     19.66     ~ 1 0
9 FCOS 4-2009 * 03 36 48.79 -35 19 23.2     20.74     ~ 1 0
10 FCOS 4-2015 * 03 36 52.30 -35 18 04.0     19.95     ~ 1 0
11 FCOS 4-2069 * 03 36 52.39 -35 08 31.6     20.63     ~ 1 0
12 FCOS 4-2040 * 03 36 54.17 -35 13 52.0     20.65     ~ 1 0
13 FCOS 4-2047 * 03 36 54.43 -35 13 04.4     20.63     ~ 1 0
14 FCOS 9-2075 * 03 36 56.95 -35 45 49.3     20.33     ~ 1 0
15 FCOS 2-2027 * 03 36 57.96 -35 39 19.1     20.40     ~ 1 0
16 FCOS 9-2078 ? 03 36 58.49 -35 44 46.0     19.51     ~ 1 0
17 FCOS 4-2067 * 03 36 59.66 -35 08 46.0     19.60     ~ 1 0
18 FCOS 4-2011 ? 03 37 00.58 -35 18 43.2     19.96     ~ 1 0
19 FCOS 4-2006 * 03 37 00.62 -35 20 06.4     20.71     ~ 1 0
20 FCOS 4-2041 * 03 37 00.82 -35 13 44.8     20.63     ~ 1 0
21 FCOS 4-2017 * 03 37 00.86 -35 17 48.1     19.01     ~ 1 0
22 FCOS 4-2035 * 03 37 01.87 -35 14 34.8     20.80     ~ 1 0
23 FCOS 4-2012 * 03 37 02.64 -35 18 31.3     19.87     ~ 1 0
24 [BAL2007] uc257.5 GiC 03 37 03.2455003608 -35 38 04.385867820   19.85 19.31     ~ 34 1
25 FCOS 9-2081 * 03 37 03.74 -35 44 18.2     19.48     ~ 1 0
26 FCOS 9-2074 * 03 37 04.15 -35 46 10.6     20.90     ~ 1 0
27 FCOS 4-2111 * 03 37 05.21 -34 57 48.2     18.23     ~ 1 0
28 FCOS 9-2079 * 03 37 05.52 -35 44 34.4     19.90     ~ 1 0
29 FCOS 4-2021 ? 03 37 05.66 -35 16 40.8     19.86     ~ 1 0
30 FCOS 4-2110 * 03 37 09.02 -34 58 10.6     19.77     ~ 1 0
31 FCOS 4-2071 * 03 37 09.19 -35 08 10.7     18.86     ~ 1 0
32 FCOS 2-2128 * 03 37 09.26 -35 27 05.8     20.07     ~ 1 0
33 FCOS 2-2093 * 03 37 12.91 -35 31 02.3     20.38     ~ 1 0
34 2MASS J03371345-3520269 * 03 37 13.45 -35 20 26.9     18.16 17.72   ~ 2 0
35 FCOS 4-2112 * 03 37 15.41 -34 57 40.3     18.34     ~ 1 0
36 FCOS 9-2015 * 03 37 19.78 -36 03 19.8     18.82     ~ 1 0
37 2MASS J03372120-3510370 * 03 37 21.2185014816 -35 10 36.941640492     19.11     ~ 1 0
38 2MASS J03372121-3515413 * 03 37 21.2200502472 -35 15 41.355495468     18.52     ~ 1 0
39 FCOS 2-2150 ? 03 37 21.60 -35 23 21.8     19.56     ~ 1 0
40 FCOS 9-2019 * 03 37 23.11 -36 02 11.0     20.46     ~ 1 0
41 FCOS 9-2009 ? 03 37 23.35 -36 05 32.3     20.83     ~ 1 0
42 FCOS 4-2096 * 03 37 25.49 -35 04 11.3     20.03     ~ 1 0
43 FCOS 2-2164 ? 03 37 27.46 -35 21 52.6     20.12     ~ 1 0
44 [SRH2010] 2 84 GlC 03 37 28.250 -35 21 23.11     20.57     ~ 8 0
45 FCOS 9-2048 * 03 37 29.30 -35 53 59.6     19.86     ~ 1 0
46 FCOS 4-2106 AG? 03 37 29.57 -34 59 51.7     20.17     ~ 2 0
47 FCOS 9-2053 * 03 37 29.93 -35 51 25.6     20.68     ~ 1 0
48 FCOS 9-2020 * 03 37 30.24 -36 01 52.3     20.04     ~ 1 0
49 FCOS 4-2051 ? 03 37 32.38 -35 12 26.3     20.92     ~ 1 0
50 FCOS 4-2103 * 03 37 32.50 -35 00 03.6     19.32     ~ 1 0
51 FCOS 4-2037 * 03 37 32.98 -35 14 21.8     19.58     ~ 1 0
52 FCOS 4-2008 * 03 37 33.660 -35 19 36.80     20.52 19.98   ~ 2 0
53 FCOS 4-2052 * 03 37 33.72 -35 11 39.1     19.75     ~ 1 0
54 2MASX J03373383-3554480 G 03 37 33.8263416360 -35 54 47.767622580   17.9 19.30     ~ 3 0
55 FCOS 2-2161 Gl? 03 37 33.86 -35 22 19.2     20.54     ~ 5 0
56 FCOS 2-2066 * 03 37 34.37 -35 34 32.2     20.60     ~ 1 0
57 2MASS J03373474-3555248 * 03 37 34.7155231488 -35 55 24.824574588     18.52     ~ 1 0
58 FCOS 9-2066 * 03 37 37.51 -35 48 32.8     20.72     ~ 1 0
59 FCOS 4-2060 * 03 37 37.73 -35 09 45.0     20.10     ~ 1 0
60 FCOS 9-2047 * 03 37 38.57 -35 54 17.7     20.64     ~ 1 0
61 FCOS 2-2017 ? 03 37 41.21 -35 40 23.5     19.21     ~ 1 0
62 FCOS 4-2075 ? 03 37 41.21 -35 07 17.4     20.75     ~ 1 0
63 FCOS 2-2092 ? 03 37 41.93 -35 31 44.8     20.99     ~ 1 0
64 FCOS 2-2059 * 03 37 42.07 -35 35 35.9     19.97     ~ 1 0
65 FCOS 2-2094 GlC 03 37 42.238 -35 30 33.98     20.71     ~ 7 0
66 FCOS 4-2028 Gl? 03 37 43.5034612128 -35 15 09.937168380     20.41     ~ 9 0
67 FCOS 9-2014 * 03 37 44.95 -36 03 41.8     19.97     ~ 1 0
68 FCOS 2-2139 * 03 37 46.670 -35 25 07.69     19.91 19.28   ~ 2 0
69 FCOS 2-2047 * 03 37 47.06 -35 36 28.8     20.65     ~ 1 0
70 FCOS 9-2069 * 03 37 49.37 -35 47 59.3     20.09     ~ 1 0
71 FCOS 2-54 * 03 37 49.39 -35 44 07.5     19.55     ~ 2 0
72 FCOS 9-2045 * 03 37 51.79 -35 54 43.2     19.94     ~ 1 0
73 [DRG2004] 92:91 * 03 37 54.690 -35 27 57.10     18.56 18.06   ~ 3 0
74 FCOS 2-2019 ? 03 37 54.82 -35 39 58.7     19.97     ~ 1 0
75 FCOS 0-2015 * 03 37 57.29 -35 26 44.2     19.13     ~ 1 0
76 FCOS 2-2100 GlC 03 38 00.168 -35 30 08.21     20.94 20.57   ~ 12 0
77 2MASS J03380199-3524409 * 03 38 01.9904304960 -35 24 40.614758604     18.47 18.95   ~ 3 0
78 FCOS 2-2137 * 03 38 04.20 -35 25 25.3     20.07     ~ 1 0
79 NAME UCD-FORS 32 Gl? 03 38 05.0504949024 -35 24 09.329119704   19.7 19.15   18.02 ~ 18 0
80 2MASS J03380533-3532362 * 03 38 05.3394499200 -35 32 36.214255572     17.71     ~ 1 0
81 FCOS 2-2109 * 03 38 05.90 -35 29 01.7     20.37     ~ 1 0
82 NAME UCD-FORS 81 GlC 03 38 06.3040671264 -35 28 58.550357136   18.85 19.31 18.80 18.18 ~ 39 1
83 NAME UCD-FORS 36 G 03 38 06.5041040184 -35 23 03.708523500     20.00   19 ~ 13 0
84 FCOS 2-2052 * 03 38 06.930 -35 36 18.00     20.07 19.36   ~ 2 0
85 FCOS 0-2004 * 03 38 07.320 -35 17 40.70     19.02 18.52   ~ 2 0
86 FCOS 0-2061 * 03 38 09.480 -35 37 17.70     18.73 18.23   ~ 2 0
87 FCOS 0-2060 * 03 38 09.510 -35 25 59.70     19.05 18.55   ~ 2 0
88 FCOS 0-2087 * 03 38 09.77 -35 23 01.0     19.37     ~ 1 0
89 2MASS J03380991-3517553 * 03 38 09.9004680912 -35 17 55.478314608     17.98     ~ 1 0
90 [SRH2010] 81 102 * 03 38 10.450 -35 20 38.70     18.84 18.09   ~ 3 0
91 NAME UCD28 G 03 38 10.7378772816 -35 25 46.019689176     19.97   18.68 ~ 18 0
92 NAME UCD-FORS 52 GlC 03 38 11.6974597968 -35 27 16.218253728     20.81   19.65 ~ 10 0
93 [DRG2004] 92:39 GlC 03 38 12.700 -35 28 57.41     20.66 20.27   ~ 23 0
94 NAME UCD-FORS 84 GlC 03 38 14.809 -35 33 39.59     20.77   19.88 ~ 14 0
95 NAME UCD31 GlC 03 38 16.5027178944 -35 26 19.561859520     20.60   19.65 ~ 23 0
96 [JPB2015] 054.5711568-35.4418764 GlC 03 38 17.0873774160 -35 26 30.920222868     20.83 20.44   ~ 20 0
97 FCOS 0-2025 Gl? 03 38 17.972 -35 15 06.02     20.87     ~ 6 1
98 FCOS 0-2062 GlC 03 38 18.4038478872 -35 27 39.710752172     20.67 20.28   ~ 8 0
99 [SRH2010] 89 33 GlC 03 38 19.010 -35 32 22.40     20.91 20.52   ~ 8 0
100 [DRG2004] 80:6 GlC 03 38 19.070 -35 26 37.40     20.80 20.39   ~ 6 0
101 [SRH2010] 80 19 GlC 03 38 19.490 -35 25 52.70     21.17 20.43   ~ 9 0
102 [DRG2004] 89:77 GlC 03 38 21.810 -35 29 23.59     20.98 20.58   ~ 6 0
103 [MHJ2008] F-8 GlC 03 38 23.2407296424 -35 20 00.607683768     20.09 19.59   ~ 14 0
104 FCOS 3-2027 G 03 38 23.7417495312 -35 13 49.405426788     19.76     ~ 11 1
105 FCOS 2-2106 GlC 03 38 25.0480862136 -35 29 25.149415668     20.51     ~ 9 0
106 FCOS 1-2024 GlC 03 38 25.5469146744 -35 37 42.618471816     20.06 19.50   ~ 18 0
107 FCOS 2-2107 Gl? 03 38 25.66 -35 29 19.7     20.51     ~ 4 0
108 FCOS 0-2069 Gl? 03 38 26.7138817992 -35 30 07.387998948     20.67     ~ 7 0
109 2MASS J03382686-3524492 * 03 38 26.8488458928 -35 24 48.981294432     18.20     ~ 2 0
110 FCOS 0-2070 * 03 38 27.10 -35 20 37.7     19.92     ~ 1 0
111 FCOS 3-2062 ? 03 38 27.79 -35 07 06.9     20.79     ~ 1 0
112 [JPB2015] 054.6176396-35.4272815 GlC 03 38 28.3572375336 -35 25 38.311964472     20.371   19.332 ~ 18 0
113 [MHJ2008] F-12 G 03 38 28.9789910448 -35 22 56.105739516     19.87     ~ 17 0
114 FCOS 0-2032 GlC 03 38 30.22 -35 21 30.9     20.78     ~ 8 0
115 FCOS 3-2042 * 03 38 30.38 -35 10 15.6     19.15     ~ 1 0
116 FCOS 0-2033 Gl? 03 38 30.72 -35 27 46.1     20.28     ~ 4 0
117 2MASS J03383114-3528099 * 03 38 31.1623207152 -35 28 10.110916812     17.79     ~ 2 0
118 CXOU J033832.0-352812 GlC 03 38 32.061 -35 28 12.79     20.71     ~ 10 0
119 NAME UCD-FORS 50 GlC 03 38 33.8218893216 -35 25 57.067738032     20.61   19.380 ~ 25 0
120 FCOS 0-2094 * 03 38 34.56 -35 30 16.9     20.38     ~ 1 0
121 FCOS 0-2073 ? 03 38 34.78 -35 26 41.7     20.91     ~ 1 0
122 [JPB2015] 054.6481424-35.4543361 GlC 03 38 35.6761717776 -35 27 15.723866628     21.020   20.01 ~ 8 0
123 2MASS J03383746-3535521 * 03 38 37.4519146368 -35 35 51.954126072     17.64     ~ 1 0
124 FCOS 3-2094 ? 03 38 37.63 -34 59 38.0     20.23     ~ 1 0
125 FCOS 1-2043 * 03 38 38.38 -35 34 30.0     20.39     ~ 1 0
126 FCOS 3-2069 * 03 38 38.45 -35 05 54.2     19.15     ~ 1 0
127 FCOS 3-2045 * 03 38 38.62 -35 09 52.9     20.27     ~ 1 0
128 FCOS 3-2096 * 03 38 38.7086102616 -34 58 44.050030032     19.94     ~ 1 0
129 [MHJ2008] F-53 GlC 03 38 40.550 -35 29 09.70     20.93 20.35   ~ 20 0
130 FCOS 1-2080 Gl? 03 38 41.343 -35 28 46.39     20.96     ~ 7 0
131 2MASS J03384164-3458144 * 03 38 41.6575981344 -34 58 14.346893208     17.80     ~ 1 0
132 [MHJ2008] F-18 G 03 38 41.9519250336 -35 33 12.952421316     19.70     ~ 14 1
133 FCOS 3-2077 * 03 38 43.97 -35 04 57.4     19.77     ~ 1 0
134 FCOS 0-2041 Gl? 03 38 44.11 -35 19 01.5     20.73     ~ 5 0
135 FCOS 1-2072 * 03 38 44.570 -35 29 48.00     19.87 19.41   ~ 2 0
136 FCOS 3-2021 ? 03 38 47.26 -35 15 12.6     20.25     ~ 1 0
137 [DRG2004] 84:24 * 03 38 48.070 -35 32 49.70     19.22 18.53   ~ 3 0
138 [MHJ2008] F-59 GlC 03 38 48.86 -35 27 43.9     20.94     ~ 13 0
139 NAME UCD-FORS 4 GlC 03 38 49.140 -35 21 42.20     20.96 20.35 19.77 ~ 9 0
140 FCOS 3-2009 * 03 38 50.66 -35 17 38.8     20.67     ~ 1 0
141 FCOS 3-2057 * 03 38 52.49 -35 08 28.3     19.91     ~ 1 0
142 CGF 1-4 GlC 03 38 54.0545340024 -35 33 33.320376180   18.5 18.06     ~ 81 1
143 FCOS 0-2007 GlC 03 38 54.670 -35 29 44.40     20.54 20.15   ~ 7 0
144 2MASS J03385521-3510224 * 03 38 55.1694353016 -35 10 22.066797432     18.92     ~ 1 0
145 2MASS J03385706-3525035 * 03 38 57.0525780528 -35 25 03.473169600     17.59     ~ 1 0
146 [SRH2010] 75 36 GlC 03 38 57.387 -35 24 50.28     20.74 20.19   ~ 9 0
147 FCOS 3-2060 ? 03 38 59.86 -35 07 41.5     20.44     ~ 1 0
148 FCOS 0-2008 * 03 39 01.34 -35 17 10.0     18.36     ~ 1 0
149 FCOS 3-2036 * 03 39 02.62 -35 11 45.6     19.84     ~ 1 0
150 FCOS 1-2025 ? 03 39 04.06 -35 37 13.4     20.60     ~ 1 0
151 FCOS 0-2009 * 03 39 04.08 -35 23 00.2     20.10     ~ 1 0
152 [KGM99] aat 66 GlC 03 39 05.005 -35 26 53.47     20.96     ~ 7 0
153 FCOS 3-2058 * 03 39 05.74 -35 07 55.9     20.59     ~ 1 0
154 FCOS 3-2005 * 03 39 06.82 -35 19 04.4     20.72     ~ 1 0
155 2MASS J03390698-3513188 * 03 39 06.9881612544 -35 13 18.746335524     18.16     ~ 1 0
156 FCOS 3-2047 * 03 39 08.18 -35 09 42.1     19.55     ~ 1 0
157 FCOS 0-2083 * 03 39 08.90 -35 35 00.2     19.90     ~ 1 0
158 2MASS J03390898-3532597 * 03 39 08.9916661416 -35 32 59.726048820     17.52 17.02   ~ 2 0
159 2MASS J03390943-3528112 * 03 39 09.4443535896 -35 28 11.296464276     17.64     ~ 1 0
160 FCOS 0-2049 * 03 39 11.440 -35 33 39.00     20.89 20.39   ~ 2 0
161 FCOS 3-2003 * 03 39 12.58 -35 19 27.5     20.15     ~ 1 0
162 FCOS 3-2002 * 03 39 17.950 -35 19 59.60     20.56 20.08   ~ 2 0
163 FCOS 1-2116 * 03 39 18.420 -35 21 34.20     20.77 19.95   ~ 2 0
164 [BAL2007] gc359.8 GlC 03 39 19.060 -35 34 06.79     20.96 20.41   ~ 6 0
165 FCOS 1-2088 * 03 39 20.04 -35 27 51.9     18.45     ~ 1 0
166 FCOS 3-2004 GlC 03 39 20.5202777400 -35 19 14.337162408     19.73 18.77   ~ 10 0
167 FCOS 3-2033 ? 03 39 21.82 -35 12 52.6     20.85     ~ 1 0
168 FCOS 3-2007 * 03 39 25.980 -35 18 14.90     20.38 19.90   ~ 2 0
169 FCOS 3-2039 * 03 39 28.54 -35 10 50.5     21.00     ~ 1 0
170 FCOS 1-2003 * 03 39 33.46 -35 43 54.1     20.02     ~ 1 0
171 FCOS 1-2066 * 03 39 34.03 -35 31 31.8     21.00     ~ 1 0
172 FCOS 1-2062 * 03 39 35.510 -35 32 24.59     19.50 19.00   ~ 2 0
173 FCOS 1-2110 * 03 39 35.86 -35 23 29.8     20.97     ~ 1 0
174 LEDA 2793608 GiC 03 39 35.9209845336 -35 28 24.441828204   18.82 19.12     ~ 44 1
175 FCOS 1-2032 * 03 39 36.05 -35 35 48.8     19.98     ~ 1 0
176 FCOS 1-2092 * 03 39 36.05 -35 26 58.6     20.43     ~ 1 0
177 FCOS 3-2019 Gl? 03 39 37.1659039704 -35 15 21.696531228     20.49     ~ 6 0
178 FCOS 1-2075 * 03 39 38.47 -35 29 38.8     20.13     ~ 1 0
179 FCOS 1-2042 * 03 39 39.14 -35 34 39.7     20.68     ~ 1 0
180 FCOS 1-2118 * 03 39 44.30 -35 21 24.8     18.66     ~ 1 0
181 FCOS 1-2109 ? 03 39 48.36 -35 23 38.0     18.93     ~ 1 0
182 FCOS 1-2093 * 03 39 50.57 -35 26 28.7     20.79     ~ 1 0
183 FCOS 1-2097 * 03 39 56.93 -35 25 26.8     19.05     ~ 1 0
184 FCOS 1-2114 * 03 40 00.02 -35 22 03.0     20.00     ~ 1 0
185 FCOS 1-2035 * 03 40 01.15 -35 35 42.0     19.55     ~ 1 0
186 FCOS 1-2064 * 03 40 02.42 -35 32 07.4     19.57     ~ 1 0

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