2004ApJ...601..735T

Query : 2004ApJ...601..735T

2004ApJ...601..735T - Astrophys. J., 601, 735-758 (2004/February-1)

The luminous X-ray source population in M51 observed with Chandra.

TERASHIMA Y. and WILSON A.S.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present the results of two Chandra observations (separated by 1 yr) of the population of X-ray sources in the spiral galaxy M51 (NGC 5194 and NGC 5195). One hundred and thirteen X-ray sources have been detected in an 8'.4x8'.4 (20.4x20.4 kpc) region, and 84 and 12 of them project within the disks of NGC 5194 and NGC 5195, respectively. Nine and 28 sources have luminosities exceeding 1x1039 ergs/s (ultraluminous X-ray sources or ULXs) and 1x1038 ergs/s in the 0.5-8 keV band, respectively, assuming that they are associated with M51. The number of ULXs is much higher than found in most normal spiral and elliptical galaxies. Most of the X-ray sources and all seven of the ULXs in NGC 5194 are located in, or close to, a spiral arm, suggesting a connection with recent star formation. The cumulative luminosity function of the X-ray sources in NGC 5194 with L(0.5-8keV)>1038 ergs/s is well described by a power law, N[>L(0.5-8 keV)]∝L(0.5- 8 keV)–α with α=0.91. The X-ray spectra of most of the detected sources are consistent with a power law with a photon index between 1 and 2, with a few sources showing harder or softer spectra. The spectra of most ULXs are consistent with both a power law and a multicolor disk blackbody (MCD) model, while a power-law model is preferable to an MCD model in two ULXs. One ULX (NGC 5194 source 69) shows drastic spectral steepening accompanied by a decline in luminosity by a factor of 3460 in the 2-10 keV band between the two observations. This source also exhibited a possible period of 2.1 hr in the 2000 observation. Another ULX (NGC 5194 source 26) shows strong emission lines from highly ionized species. The masses of the compact objects and mass accretion rates in ULXs and other X-ray sources are not well constrained by these observations. If we adopt an MCD interpretation, their MCD parameters imply that most of the X-ray sources are stellar mass (∼5-10 M☉) black holes accreting near or above the Eddington rate, although other possibilities (intermediate-mass black holes and relativistically beamed emission) cannot be excluded. The power-law sources may instead represent Comptonized disk or nonthermal emission. Two ULXs have very soft spectra; MCD models require kT~0.1 keV. We discuss the possibility that this soft emission originates in an accretion disk around an intermediate-mass black hole. We also present a study of the nucleus of, and discrete sources (including two ULXs) in, the companion galaxy NGC 5195.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): Accretion, Accretion Disks - Galaxies: Active - Galaxies: Individual: Messier Number: M51 - X-Rays: Binaries - X-Rays: Galaxies

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/601/735): table2.dat table3.dat table4.dat>

Nomenclature: Table 2: [TW2004] NGC 5194 NN (Nos 1-84) = CXOM51 JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS N=84. Table 3: [TW2004] NGC 5195 NN (Nos 1-12) = CXOM51 JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS N=12. Table 4: [TW2004] Source NN (Nos 1-17) = CXOM51 JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS N=17.

Simbad objects: 144

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Number of rows : 144
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 M 31 AGN 00 42 44.330 +41 16 07.50 4.86 4.36 3.44     ~ 13622 1
2 NGC 253 SyG 00 47 33.134 -25 17 19.68   8.03   6.94 8.1 ~ 3588 2
3 M 77 Sy2 02 42 40.7091669408 -00 00 47.859690204 9.70 9.61 8.87 10.1 9.9 ~ 4897 2
4 NGC 1313 AG? 03 18 16.046 -66 29 53.74   10.06 10.0 9.40 10.4 ~ 723 2
5 [SST2011] J034555.61+680455.3 ULX 03 45 55.612 +68 04 55.29           ~ 176 1
6 IC 342 AGN 03 46 48.514 +68 05 45.98   10.5       ~ 1579 1
7 M 81 Sy2 09 55 33.1726556496 +69 03 55.062505368   7.89 6.94     ~ 4725 3
8 NAME M81-ULS1 ULX 09 55 42.146 +69 03 36.51     21.67     ~ 33 0
9 M 82 AGN 09 55 52.430 +69 40 46.93 9.61 9.30 8.41     ~ 6156 6
10 NGC 3256 Sy2 10 27 51.284 -43 54 13.55   11.83 11.33 10.62 11.9 ~ 920 2
11 NGC 3628 LIN 11 20 17.018 +13 35 22.16   10.42 9.48 9.22   ~ 853 3
12 [ZFR2002] 13 HXB 12 01 51.62 -18 52 31.9           ~ 14 0
13 NGC 4038 EmG 12 01 53.002 -18 52 03.32   10.91   9.74 11.0 ~ 1364 1
14 NAME Antennae IG 12 01 53.170 -18 52 37.92           ~ 1749 0
15 NGC 4039 GiP 12 01 53.51 -18 53 10.3   11.08   9.77   ~ 1173 1
16 RX J1236.2+2558 ULX 12 36 17.45 +25 58 53.1           ~ 12 1
17 NGC 4565 Sy2 12 36 20.804 +25 59 14.61   13.61 12.43     ~ 991 0
18 SDSS J132848.37+471204.3 QSO 13 28 48.3712015776 +47 12 04.340144592           ~ 11 0
19 SDSS J132854.66+470810.0 QSO 13 28 54.6683896416 +47 08 10.062578364           ~ 13 0
20 [TW2004] Source 1 X 13 29 26.72 +47 12 34.7           ~ 2 0
21 [TW2004] Source 2 HXB 13 29 33.38 +47 14 40.6           ~ 3 0
22 [TW2004] NGC 5194 1 HXB 13 29 35.74 +47 12 01.0           ~ 3 0
23 [MCK2007] 2 SNR 13 29 36.60 +47 11 05.4           ~ 4 0
24 [KLK2016] X87 G 13 29 36.77 +47 14 48.5           ~ 2 0
25 [TW2004] Source 4 HXB 13 29 37.05 +47 13 30.1           ~ 3 0
26 CXOM51 J132938.0+471613 HXB 13 29 38.09 +47 16 13.8           ~ 4 0
27 [VV2006] J132938.5+471854 QSO 13 29 38.5880680824 +47 18 54.707218992   20.83 20.45     ~ 27 0
28 [FK2005] 23 ULX 13 29 38.62 +58 25 05.6           ~ 134 2
29 ZTF J132938.64+471336.0 HXB 13 29 38.6501934504 +47 13 36.098195376 16.744 16.216 15.295 14.733 14.153 G9 12 0
30 [TW2004] NGC 5194 3 HXB 13 29 38.97 +47 13 23.8           ~ 4 0
31 [CHP2004] J132939.0+471104 HXB 13 29 39.01 +47 11 03.6           ~ 4 0
32 RX J132939+47126 HXB 13 29 39.48 +47 12 43.6   22.59 23.27   24.80 ~ 31 1
33 [KLK2016] X107 SFR 13 29 39.98 +47 12 36.9           ~ 20 0
34 [TW2004] NGC 5194 7 HXB 13 29 41.70 +47 10 52.6           ~ 3 0
35 [TW2004] Source 7 HXB 13 29 42.21 +47 14 47.9           ~ 3 0
36 [TW2004] NGC 5194 8 HXB 13 29 42.55 +47 10 42.9           ~ 3 0
37 RX J132943+47115 UX? 13 29 43.31 +47 11 34.8   23.20 24.01   25.50 ~ 32 1
38 [TW2004] Source 8 HXB 13 29 43.41 +47 15 25.1           ~ 4 0
39 [TW2004] Source 9 HXB 13 29 43.86 +47 14 34.3           ~ 3 0
40 [DK2003] M51-14 HXB 13 29 44.10 +47 11 56.5           ~ 4 0
41 [KLK2016] X130 SFR 13 29 44.17 +47 10 22.2           ~ 3 0
42 [TW2004] NGC 5194 12 HXB 13 29 44.57 +47 13 56.8           ~ 5 0
43 [KLK2016] X136 G 13 29 44.91 +47 11 28.3           ~ 2 0
44 [TW2004] NGC 5194 14 HXB 13 29 45.52 +47 11 51.1           ~ 4 0
45 [TW2004] NGC 5194 15 X 13 29 45.53 +47 11 25.2           ~ 2 0
46 [MEE95] R5 X 13 29 45.98 +47 10 56.0           ~ 3 0
47 RX J132946+47107 X 13 29 46.12 +47 10 42.2           ~ 9 0
48 CXOM51 J132947.0+471104 HXB 13 29 47.04 +47 11 04.5           ~ 3 0
49 [TW2004] NGC 5194 19 HXB 13 29 47.54 +47 13 01.0           ~ 4 0
50 RX J132947+47096 UX? 13 29 47.60 +47 09 43.7           ~ 6 0
51 [TW2004] NGC 5194 20 HXB 13 29 48.81 +47 11 21.6           ~ 4 0
52 CXOM51 J132949.0+471053 HXB 13 29 49.06 +47 10 53.5           ~ 3 0
53 [TW2004] NGC 5194 22 X 13 29 49.14 +47 12 56.8           ~ 2 0
54 [TW2004] NGC 5194 24 HXB 13 29 50.10 +47 11 39.4           ~ 5 0
55 [DK2003] M51-22 HXB 13 29 50.13 +47 14 19.7           ~ 4 0
56 [DK2003] M51-23 HXB 13 29 50.39 +47 13 22.8           ~ 4 0
57 CXOU J132950.6+471155 Rad 13 29 50.68 +47 11 55.2           ~ 21 0
58 [TW2004] NGC 5194 27 HXB 13 29 50.83 +47 10 31.5           ~ 4 0
59 RX J132951+47105 HXB 13 29 51.38 +47 10 32.6           ~ 5 0
60 [TW2004] NGC 5194 29 HXB 13 29 51.81 +47 11 52.2           ~ 3 0
61 CXOU J132952.0+471127 HXB 13 29 52.09 +47 11 27.1           ~ 4 0
62 [TA91] 5 HII 13 29 52.11 +47 12 13.0           ~ 4 0
63 CXOM51 J132952.2+471130 SNR 13 29 52.24 +47 11 29.4           ~ 3 0
64 M 51 Sy2 13 29 52.698 +47 11 42.93   9.26 8.36 8.40   ~ 4565 4
65 RX J132952+47117 X 13 29 52.7 +47 11 43           ~ 2 0
66 [TW2004] NGC 5194 33 HXB 13 29 52.73 +47 10 51.5           ~ 4 0
67 CXOU J132952.7+471121 HXB 13 29 52.75 +47 11 21.7           ~ 4 0
68 [TW2004] NGC 5194 35 X 13 29 52.76 +47 10 43.0           ~ 3 0
69 [TW2004] NGC 5194 36 HXB 13 29 52.78 +47 12 44.8           ~ 4 0
70 [TW2004] NGC 5195 1 X 13 29 52.90 +47 16 43.8           ~ 3 0
71 CXOM51 J132953.3+471042 UX? 13 29 53.18 +47 10 42.4           ~ 25 0
72 [TW2004] NGC 5194 38 HXB 13 29 53.55 +47 11 33.1           ~ 3 0
73 [DK2003] M51-32 HXB 13 29 53.56 +47 11 26.4           ~ 5 0
74 [TW2004] NGC 5194 40 X 13 29 53.65 +47 13 22.5           ~ 2 0
75 RX J132954+47145 UX? 13 29 53.72 +47 14 35.7           ~ 22 1
76 [TW2004] NGC 5194 42 X 13 29 53.81 +47 14 31.6           ~ 4 1
77 [TW2004] NGC 5194 43 HXB 13 29 53.97 +47 10 31.4           ~ 3 0
78 CXOM51 J132954.0+470923 X 13 29 53.99 +47 09 23.4           ~ 2 0
79 [TW2004] NGC 5194 46 HXB 13 29 54.18 +47 11 37.1           ~ 4 0
80 [TW2004] NGC 5194 47 HXB 13 29 54.25 +47 13 00.3           ~ 4 0
81 CXOU J132954.1+471130 HXB 13 29 54.28 +47 11 29.9           ~ 5 0
82 [DK2003] M51-37 HXB 13 29 54.39 +47 11 21.6           ~ 5 0
83 [TW2004] NGC 5194 49 HXB 13 29 54.54 +47 09 21.7           ~ 4 0
84 CXOU J132954.9+470922 HXB 13 29 54.97 +47 09 22.6           ~ 7 0
85 CXOM51 J132955.0+471102 HXB 13 29 54.97 +47 11 02.4           ~ 3 0
86 [DK2003] M51-41 HXB 13 29 55.15 +47 10 42.5           ~ 4 0
87 CXOM51 J132955.2+471046 SNR 13 29 55.25 +47 10 46.4           ~ 3 0
88 [DK2003] M51-42 HXB 13 29 55.45 +47 11 43.7           ~ 6 0
89 [TW2004] NGC 5195 2 X 13 29 55.55 +47 15 55.0           ~ 2 0
90 2MASS J13295551+4714013 SFR 13 29 55.5616119384 +47 14 01.991933520           ~ 5 0
91 [TW2004] NGC 5194 56 X 13 29 55.61 +47 09 19.1           ~ 2 0
92 [TW2004] NGC 5194 57 X 13 29 55.68 +47 09 11.3           ~ 2 0
93 [TW2004] NGC 5194 58 X 13 29 55.72 +47 10 43.8           ~ 2 0
94 [KLK2016] X279 SFR 13 29 55.87 +47 11 44.6           ~ 7 0
95 [DK2003] M51-45 HXB 13 29 56.10 +47 13 50.8           ~ 4 0
96 [KLK2016] X282 SFR 13 29 56.16 +47 12 36.3           ~ 3 0
97 2MASS J13295620+4714529 * 13 29 56.2017122424 +47 14 53.320252992           ~ 2 0
98 [TW2004] NGC 5195 3 X 13 29 57.07 +47 15 56.8           ~ 2 0
99 CXOU J132957.4+471037 HXB 13 29 57.48 +47 10 37.3           ~ 4 0
100 [TW2004] NGC 5195 4 X 13 29 57.51 +47 16 11.7           ~ 3 0
101 [WMR2006] M51 XMM6 UX? 13 29 57.57 +47 10 48.3           ~ 16 0
102 [TW2004] NGC 5194 64 X 13 29 57.62 +47 12 06.3           ~ 3 0
103 [TW2004] NGC 5194 65 HXB 13 29 58.36 +47 13 20.4           ~ 4 0
104 CXOM51 J132958.4+471547 X 13 29 58.38 +47 15 47.4           ~ 5 0
105 [TW2004] NGC 5195 6 HXB 13 29 58.72 +47 16 26.0           ~ 3 0
106 [TW2004] NGC 5194 66 HXB 13 29 58.74 +47 10 30.1           ~ 4 0
107 CXOM51 J132959.0+471434 X 13 29 59.05 +47 14 34.2           ~ 2 0
108 RX J133000+47159 X 13 29 59.52 +47 15 58.2           ~ 12 0
109 NGC 5195 GiG 13 29 59.590 +47 15 58.06 10.76 10.45 9.55 9.31   ~ 816 3
110 [TW2004] NGC 5195 8 X 13 29 59.81 +47 15 40.1           ~ 2 0
111 [KLK2016] X326 SFR 13 30 00.59 +47 11 36.6           ~ 2 0
112 [TW2004] NGC 5195 9 X 13 30 00.62 +47 15 30.2           ~ 3 0
113 RX J133001+47137 UX? 13 30 01.01 +47 13 43.9           ~ 108 0
114 [TW2004] NGC 5194 70 HXB 13 30 01.12 +47 13 32.7           ~ 3 0
115 [TW2004] NGC 5194 71 HXB 13 30 01.29 +47 12 43.9           ~ 3 0
116 [TW2004] NGC 5194 72 X 13 30 01.91 +47 08 44.2           ~ 2 0
117 CXOM51 J133002.0+471506 X 13 30 01.99 +47 15 06.6           ~ 2 0
118 [DK2003] M51-57 HXB 13 30 02.10 +47 12 38.4           ~ 5 0
119 [TW2004] NGC 5194 74 HXB 13 30 02.16 +47 09 01.0           ~ 3 0
120 [TW2004] NGC 5195 11 X 13 30 03.76 +47 16 10.3           ~ 2 0
121 [DK2003] M51-59 HXB 13 30 04.09 +47 10 03.6           ~ 5 0
122 [MEE95] R2 HXB 13 30 04.32 +47 13 20.8           ~ 6 0
123 [DK2003] M51-60 HXB 13 30 04.47 +47 10 31.7           ~ 5 0
124 [TW2004] NGC 5194 78 HXB 13 30 04.65 +47 14 17.2           ~ 4 0
125 [TW2004] NGC 5194 79 HXB 13 30 05.85 +47 10 32.1           ~ 3 0
126 RX J133006+47156 UX? 13 30 06.00 +47 15 42.3           ~ 18 0
127 CXOM51 J133006.0+471404 HXB 13 30 06.02 +47 14 04.6           ~ 4 0
128 [TW2004] NGC 5194 81 HXB 13 30 06.29 +47 10 17.1           ~ 3 0
129 [LB2005] NGC 5194 X10 HXB 13 30 06.47 +47 08 34.6           ~ 5 0
130 [RW2000] NGC 5194 X-8 X 13 30 06.9 +47 08 30           ~ 2 0
131 RX J133007+47110 UX? 13 30 07.55 +47 11 06.1   25.17 25.49   26.04 ~ 83 1
132 [TW2004] NGC 5194 83 HXB 13 30 08.87 +47 12 18.9           ~ 3 0
133 CXOM51 J133011.0+471041 HXB 13 30 11.02 +47 10 41.0           ~ 5 0
134 [TW2004] Source 12 X 13 30 15.19 +47 15 38.7           ~ 2 0
135 CXOM51 J133015.7+471517 X 13 30 15.74 +47 15 16.5           ~ 1 0
136 CXOM51 J133021.0+471354 G 13 30 20.966 +47 13 53.34           ~ 2 0
137 [TW2004] Source 15 * 13 30 25.0756464768 +47 13 14.796729948           ~ 3 0
138 [TW2004] Source 16 * 13 30 28.374 +47 15 20.38           ~ 2 0
139 SDSS J133029.27+471429.5 QSO 13 30 29.2834452144 +47 14 29.572438920           ~ 12 0
140 RX J133052+47023 X 13 30 52.7 +47 02 23           ~ 2 0
141 [VV2006] J133103.7+465943 QSO 13 31 03.6926016144 +46 59 42.882047628   18.0 19.55 17.8   ~ 28 0
142 [JRW2005b] 122 UX? 14 03 32.38 +54 21 03.0   21.13       ~ 120 0
143 V* V381 Nor HXB 15 50 58.6637920704 -56 28 35.258385000           K3III 1254 0
144 V* V1033 Sco HXB 16 54 00.1423963019 -39 50 44.761701340       16.14   F3-6IV 1980 0

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