2004MNRAS.353..890V

Query : 2004MNRAS.353..890V

2004MNRAS.353..890V - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 353, 890-902 (2004/September-3)

On the duty-cycle of γ-ray blazars.

VERCELLONE S., SOLDI S., CHEN A.W. and TAVANI M.

Abstract (from CDS):

We study several properties of blazars detected in the γ-ray energy range by comparing the Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) sources with a sample of radio blazars which can be considered possible γ-ray candidates. We define three classes: non-γ-ray blazars, blazars with quasi-steady γ-ray emission and γ-ray blazars with substantial activity level. We find that, on average, BL Lacertae objects show a relatively steady γ-ray emission, when detected. On the other hand, most flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) show substantial γ-ray variability. We attribute a γ-ray activity index ψ=ψ–7x 10–7/cm2/s to all EGRET blazars, and show that FSRQs dominate the sample with non-zero ψ in the range 0 < ψ–7< 0.035. By combining the information of detected and candidate active galactic nuclei, we characterize the blazar activity, including the discovery of a region of consistency between the γ-ray flaring duty-cycle and the recurrence time between flares. We also find a possible relation between the activity index of FSRQs and their black hole mass. More optical and γ-ray data are crucially important to test this relation.

Abstract Copyright: 2004 RAS

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: active - BL Lacertae objects: general - galaxies: nuclei - quasars: general - gamma-rays: theory

Simbad objects: 99

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Number of rows : 99
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 QSO B0135-2446 Bla 01 37 38.3462810880 -24 30 53.883832500   17.47 17.33 16.57   ~ 222 1
2 4C 15.05 Bla 02 04 50.41389294 +15 14 11.0436097   21.9 21.00 21.00   ~ 426 1
3 QSO B0208-512 BLL 02 10 46.2004407600 -51 01 01.893013392   17.10 16.93 14.82   ~ 485 1
4 3C 66A BLL 02 22 39.6114771888 +43 02 07.799534304   15.71 15.21 14.5   ~ 942 2
5 QSO B0235+1624 BLL 02 38 38.93010450 +16 36 59.2745528   16.46 15.50 15.92   ~ 1614 2
6 QSO B0327-241 Bla 03 29 54.07555386 -23 57 08.7734327   19.68 18.1 19.31   ~ 88 1
7 QSO B0336-0156 Bla 03 39 30.93778633 -01 46 35.8041892   18.96 18.41 17.33   ~ 598 1
8 QSO B0403-132A BLL 04 05 34.00339116 -13 08 13.6909309   17.37 17.09 16.6   ~ 384 1
9 QSO B0414-189 Bla 04 16 36.54444889 -18 51 08.3402457   18.89 18.0 18.51   ~ 195 1
10 QSO B0420-0127 Bla 04 23 15.80072217 -01 20 33.0656073   17.50 17.00 16.28   ~ 1263 3
11 RX J0433.6+2906 BLL 04 33 37.82985981 +29 05 55.4770576   19.0 17.80 17.06   ~ 181 1
12 QSO B0440-003 Bla 04 42 38.66072366 -00 17 43.4209582   19.59 19.22 17.85   ~ 433 1
13 QSO B0446+113 BLL 04 49 07.67110194 +11 21 28.5963618     20.00 18.58   ~ 305 1
14 QSO B0454-463 Bla 04 55 50.77248730 -46 15 58.6797903   17.89 17.4 16.87   ~ 229 1
15 QSO J0457-2324 Bla 04 57 03.1791422424 -23 24 52.021129572   18.85 18.5 16.56   ~ 435 1
16 4C -02.19 Bla 05 01 12.80988538 -01 59 14.2564557   19.1 18.06 19.04   ~ 624 1
17 QSO B0459+060 Bla 05 02 15.44592827 +06 09 07.4939771   19.7 19.5 18.3   ~ 103 1
18 QSO J0530+13 Bla 05 30 56.41674741 +13 31 55.1494688     20.00 19.35   ~ 1004 1
19 QSO B0537-441 BLL 05 38 50.36155950 -44 05 08.9390233   15.77 16.48 16   ~ 924 2
20 QSO B0607-157 Bla 06 09 40.94954062 -15 42 40.6727537   18.47 18.00 19.90   ~ 330 1
21 ICRF J061904.1-114054 BLL 06 19 04.10258067 -11 40 54.8902310       21.49   ~ 58 1
22 QSO J0635-7516 Bla 06 35 46.5079301472 -75 16 16.816418256   15.96 15.75 15.82   ~ 625 1
23 8C 0716+714 BLL 07 21 53.4482942664 +71 20 36.363846516   15.5 15.50 14.27   ~ 1388 1
24 QSO J0738+1742 BLL 07 38 07.39375312 +17 42 18.9981506   16.76 16.22 15.78   ~ 1045 1
25 QSO B0736+01 Bla 07 39 18.03389906 +01 37 04.6177501   16.90 16.47 16.19   ~ 738 1
26 6C 073840+545153 BLL 07 42 39.79069953 +54 44 24.6671050     16.90     ~ 138 1
27 7C 082754.29+242103.00 Bla 08 30 52.08619250 +24 10 59.8202919   17.62 17.26 16.30   ~ 563 1
28 QSO B0829+047 BLL 08 31 48.8770033992 +04 29 39.086842884   17.10 16.4 14.55   ~ 511 2
29 4C 71.07 Bla 08 41 24.36528508 +70 53 42.1730435     17.30 16.8   ~ 818 1
30 [VV98] J085009.6-121334 Bla 08 50 09.63563375 -12 13 35.3761390     16.80 16.02   ~ 162 1
31 PG 0851+202 BLL 08 54 48.8749846272 +20 06 30.639583620   15.649 15.146 15.446   ~ 2513 1
32 QSO B0925-2021 Bla 09 27 51.82432394 -20 34 51.2325545   16.59 16.40 16.00   ~ 181 2
33 4C 55.17 Bla 09 57 38.1839604096 +55 22 57.754950636   18.24 17.89     ~ 459 1
34 6C 095456+654857 BLL 09 58 47.2451872176 +65 33 54.819354600     17.0 15.75   ~ 771 1
35 QSO B1016-311 Bla 10 18 28.7533750344 -31 23 53.846273652   18.71   17.89   ~ 86 1
36 QSO B1034-293 Bla 10 37 16.07974265 -29 34 02.8134977   16.46 16.46 17.54   ~ 358 1
37 QSO B1036-154 Bla 10 39 06.70512972 -15 41 06.6918119   19.5   19.25   ~ 65 1
38 QSO B1045-188 Bla 10 48 06.62062314 -19 09 35.7272070   18.59 18.20 17.10   ~ 203 1
39 CTS 10 Bla 11 03 31.5264793968 -32 51 16.694017200   16.29 16.30 16.4   ~ 117 1
40 Z 184-50 BLL 11 04 27.3140835504 +38 12 31.798495872   13.50 12.90 8.31   ~ 2841 1
41 QSO J1139-1350 Bla 11 39 10.7025556152 -13 50 43.639196064   16.38 16.17 16.4   ~ 284 1
42 Ton 599 Bla 11 59 31.83391383 +29 14 43.8268224   14.80 14.41 17.652 13.39 ~ 989 1
43 QSO B1200-051 Bla 12 02 34.2248389296 -05 28 02.490220380   16.4 18.0 16.6   ~ 74 1
44 QSO B1217+023 BLL 12 20 11.8846520568 +02 03 42.223956876   16.15 15.97 15.6   ~ 338 2
45 7C 1219+2830 BLL 12 21 31.6904439888 +28 13 58.500308172   16.81 16.11 14.24   ~ 924 1
46 7C 122223.5+213929 Bla 12 24 54.4583146056 +21 22 46.385507388   17.56 17.50 18.2   ~ 770 2
47 3C 273 BLL 12 29 06.6998257176 +02 03 08.597629980   13.05 14.830 14.11   ~ 6022 1
48 4C -02.55 Bla 12 32 00.0159535440 -02 24 04.793069304   17.41 17.06 16.4   ~ 440 1
49 QSO B1237-101 Bla 12 39 43.06148047 -10 23 28.6925910   18.08 18.11 17.14   ~ 146 1
50 QSO J1246-0730 Bla 12 46 04.23211565 -07 30 46.5746985   17.6 18.0 18.2   ~ 198 1
51 QSO J1246-2547 Bla 12 46 46.80203943 -25 47 49.2889822   17.65 17.41 16.96 15.5 ~ 314 1
52 3C 279 Bla 12 56 11.16657958 -05 47 21.5251510   18.01 17.75 15.87   ~ 3205 2
53 QSO J1305-1033 Bla 13 05 33.0150535680 -10 33 19.430383680   15.18 15.23 14.46   ~ 624 1
54 NAME Centaurus A BLL 13 25 27.61521044 -43 01 08.8050291   8.18 6.84 6.66   ~ 4774 3
55 QSO B1331+170 Bla 13 33 35.7827544072 +16 49 04.013500728   16.84 16.71 16.41   ~ 469 1
56 QSO B1334-127 Bla 13 37 39.78278132 -12 57 24.6933925   18.5 19.00 16.22   ~ 540 1
57 QSO B1352-104 Bla 13 54 46.51868700 -10 41 02.6561979   18.20 18.4     ~ 175 1
58 QSO B1359-281 Bla 14 02 02.40166665 -28 22 25.1442369   18.7 19.7 19.1   ~ 55 1
59 QSO B1406-076 Bla 14 08 56.48120623 -07 52 26.6665312   20.3 18.4     ~ 336 1
60 QSO B1424-41 Bla 14 27 56.29756617 -42 06 19.4376238   18.48 17.7 16.30   ~ 547 1
61 QSO B1451-375 Bla 14 54 27.40976313 -37 47 33.1448219   16.36 16.69 16.14   ~ 201 1
62 QSO J1512-0906 Bla 15 12 50.53293048 -09 05 59.8297908   16.74 16.54     ~ 1409 1
63 ESO 514-1 BLL 15 17 41.8134049824 -24 22 19.482207024   15.13 14.00 13.95   ~ 815 3
64 4C 15.54 BLL 16 07 06.43046256 +15 51 34.4855829   20.15 19.49 17.5   ~ 181 2
65 4C 10.45 Bla 16 08 46.20318700 +10 29 07.7757424   18.5 18.70 18.03   ~ 409 1
66 6C 161147+342017 Bla 16 13 41.06424322 +34 12 47.9088535   17.98 17.46 17.07   ~ 673 1
67 QSO B1622-253 Bla 16 25 46.89164287 -25 27 38.3268734   21.3 20.6 19.60   ~ 381 1
68 QSO J1626-2951 Bla 16 26 06.02084013 -29 51 26.9712990   18.41 20.5 17.6   ~ 452 1
69 4C 38.41 Bla 16 35 15.49297809 +38 08 04.5005995   18.14 17.97 17.25   ~ 906 1
70 Z 225-7 BLL 16 53 52.21668403 +39 45 36.6088754 14.09 14.15 13.29 8.26   ~ 2304 2
71 QSO B1725+044 Bla 17 28 24.95272284 +04 27 04.9138307   17.43 16.99 16.24   ~ 245 1
72 QSO B1730-130 Bla 17 33 02.70578907 -13 04 49.5482119   18 19.50 18.78 17.39 ~ 1198 1
73 4C 51.37 Bla 17 40 36.97784792 +52 11 43.4073694   18.16 18.70 16.73   ~ 441 1
74 QSO B1741-038 Bla 17 43 58.85613537 -03 50 04.6167326     20.40 17.98   ~ 583 1
75 ICRF J180242.6-394007 Bla 18 02 42.68005300 -39 40 07.9081646       17.3   ~ 126 1
76 QSO B1830-211 Bla 18 33 39.9399138048 -21 03 39.368838780     18.70 21   ~ 724 1
77 QSO B1908-202 Bla 19 11 09.65289294 -20 06 55.1090664   18.21   18.14   ~ 306 1
78 QSO B1933-400 Bla 19 37 16.21735889 -39 58 01.5531167   18.15 19 17.43   ~ 209 2
79 QSO B1936-155 Bla 19 39 26.65775171 -15 25 43.0584711   19.44 20.30 18.80   ~ 180 1
80 QSO B1954-388 Bla 19 57 59.81927491 -38 45 06.3558881   18.47 17.07 16.73   ~ 239 1
81 QSO B2004-447 Bla 20 07 55.1842447944 -44 34 44.274118260   19.3 19.3 18   ~ 185 1
82 PKS J2009-4849 BLL 20 09 25.3903899240 -48 49 53.725051056   15.75 12.81 11.41   ~ 604 1
83 QSO B2022-077 BLL 20 25 40.6602562440 -07 35 52.688047128   18.5       ~ 234 3
84 QSO B2032+107 BLL 20 35 22.33330500 +10 56 06.7881888   17.96 16.37 17.4   ~ 218 1
85 QSO B2052-474 Bla 20 56 16.35980507 -47 14 47.6277179   18.29 19.1 18.07   ~ 341 1
86 QSO B2128-123 BLL 21 31 35.2617909696 -12 07 04.795364172   16.33 16.11 15.87   ~ 470 1
87 QSO B2155-152 Bla 21 58 06.28188411 -15 01 09.3284729   18.63 18.30 17.79   ~ 355 1
88 PKS J2158-3013 BLL 21 58 52.0652249880 -30 13 32.118447792   13.36 13.09 12.62   ~ 1829 1
89 NAME BL Lac BLL 22 02 43.2913536816 +42 16 39.979416792   15.66 14.72     ~ 2397 1
90 QSO B2209+236 Bla 22 12 05.96631459 +23 55 40.5438259   19 20.66 19.69   ~ 257 1
91 4C -03.79 Bla 22 18 52.03772044 -03 35 36.8795441   16.93 16.38 16.15   ~ 353 1
92 4C 11.69 Bla 22 32 36.40890093 +11 43 50.9040592   17.75 17.33     ~ 1205 2
93 3C 454.3 Bla 22 53 57.7480438728 +16 08 53.561508864   16.57 16.10 15.22   ~ 3004 2
94 QSO B2255-2814 Bla 22 58 05.96287687 -27 58 21.2567572   17.34 16.77 17.20   ~ 397 1
95 QSO B2320-035 Bla 23 23 31.95375055 -03 17 05.0238540   18.6   18.16   ~ 229 2
96 QSO B2329-415 Bla 23 32 19.04828849 -41 18 37.5821789   17.5 18.3 19.33   ~ 48 1
97 QSO B2345-167 Bla 23 48 02.60851466 -16 31 12.0222546   18.00 18.41 16.86   ~ 432 1
98 6C 235150+453621 Bla 23 54 21.68022501 +45 53 04.2365520   20.6 20.60 19.1   ~ 252 1
99 QSO B2356+196 Bla 23 58 46.0850683944 +19 55 20.303702724     18.0 17.37   ~ 152 1

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