2005ApJ...618..569M

Query : 2005ApJ...618..569M

2005ApJ...618..569M - Astrophys. J., 618, 569-585 (2005/January-2)

On the maximum luminosity of galaxies and their central black holes: feedback from momentum-driven winds.

MURRAY N., QUATAERT E. and THOMPSON T.A.

Abstract (from CDS):

We investigate large-scale galactic winds driven by momentum deposition. Momentum injection is provided by (1) radiation pressure produced by the continuum absorption and scattering of photons on dust grains and (2) supernovae (momentum injection by supernovae is important even if the supernova energy is radiated away). Radiation can be produced by a starburst or active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity. We argue that momentum-driven winds are an efficient mechanism for feedback during the formation of galaxies. We show that above a limiting luminosity, momentum deposition from star formation can expel a significant fraction of the gas in a galaxy. The limiting, Eddington-like luminosity is LM≃(4fgc/G)σ4, where σ is the galaxy velocity dispersion and fgis the gas fraction; the subscript M refers to momentum driving. A starburst that attains LMmoderates its star formation rate and its luminosity does not increase significantly further. We argue that elliptical galaxies attain this limit during their growth at z≳1 and that this is the origin of the Faber-Jackson relation. We show that Lyman break galaxies and ultraluminous infrared galaxies have luminosities near LM. Since these starbursting galaxies account for a significant fraction of the star formation at z≳1, this supports our hypothesis that much of the observed stellar mass in early-type galaxies was formed during Eddington-limited star formation. Star formation is unlikely to efficiently remove gas from very small scales in galactic nuclei, i.e., scales much smaller than that of a nuclear starburst. This gas is available to fuel a central black hole (BH). We argue that a BH clears gas out of its galactic nucleus when the luminosity of the BH itself reaches ~LM. This shuts off the fuel supply to the BH and may also terminate star formation in the surrounding galaxy. As a result, the BH mass is fixed to be MBH≃(fgκes/πG2)σ4, where κesis the electron scattering opacity. This limit is in accord with the observed MBH-σ relation.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): Galaxies: Formation - Galaxies: Fundamental Parameters - Galaxies: General - Galaxies: Starburst - Galaxies: Intergalactic Medium

CDS comments: In table 2 : C1212+1148 is a misprint for C1212+1158.

Simbad objects: 82

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Number of rows : 82
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 LEDA 165937 AGN 00 00 24.2694890928 -52 50 30.965768376           ~ 20 0
2 MCG-03-01-015 G 00 01 57.9 -15 27 50   11.50 11.10 10.93   ~ 782 2
3 SAS-LBG Q0000-D6 G 00 03 23.79 -26 02 48.5           ~ 18 0
4 NGC 55 rG 00 14 53.602 -39 11 47.86 8.54 8.58 7.87 7.84   ~ 828 2
5 IC 10 rG 00 20 17.33520 +59 18 13.6480   13.6 9.5     ~ 1185 1
6 2MASX J00285413+4308149 LIN 00 28 54.132 +43 08 14.91     16.0     ~ 32 0
7 IRAS 00456-2904 AGN 00 48 06.7010068082 -28 48 18.548437413   18.14       ~ 61 1
8 SAS-LBG CDFa-D18 G 00 53 26.71 +12 37 34.5           ~ 4 0
9 SAS-LBG CDFa-C8 G 00 53 32.85 +12 32 11.4           ~ 5 0
10 SAS-LBG CDFa-C1 G 00 53 34.73 +12 30 30.6           ~ 7 0
11 [PSS2001] CDFb BN88 G 00 53 52.87 +12 23 51.2           ~ 5 0
12 LEDA 73997 Sy2 01 40 55.8748635264 -46 02 53.812939056   17.53   16.20   ~ 28 0
13 Z 412-24 H2G 01 44 41.3 +04 53 26 15.07 15.50 15.16 14.86 14.58 ~ 106 0
14 Mrk 1014 Sy1 01 59 50.2534701768 +00 23 40.864244784   16.08 15.87     ~ 606 0
15 SAS-LBG Q0201-D6 G 02 03 41.80 +11 34 41.4           ~ 11 0
16 SAS-LBG Q0201-oB13 G 02 03 49.23 +11 36 10.7           ~ 17 0
17 NAME SMM J02399-0136 rG 02 39 51.87 -01 35 58.8       21.20   ~ 201 2
18 SAS-LBG Q0256-C17 G 02 58 59.850 +00 10 52.60       23.89   ~ 6 0
19 [PKS98] Q0347-383 C5 G 03 49 43.5 -38 10 05           ~ 9 0
20 Z 465-12 GiP 03 54 15.9799173288 +15 55 43.217205276   15.3       ~ 84 0
21 NGC 1572 Sy2 04 22 42.814 -40 36 03.50   13.63   12.05   ~ 77 0
22 NGC 1569 rG 04 30 49.186 +64 50 52.52 11.72 11.86 11.03     ~ 1297 3
23 NGC 1614 Sy1 04 34 00.027 -08 34 44.57   14.66 13.99     ~ 697 1
24 MCG-04-12-003 GiG 04 39 06.398 -24 11 02.94   14.47   12.99   ~ 59 1
25 NAME SMM J04431+0210 rG 04 43 05.8 +02 09 06           ~ 45 0
26 NGC 1800 EmG 05 06 25.737 -31 57 15.21 13.51 13.19 12.70 12.48 12.9 ~ 185 1
27 NGC 1808 Sy2 05 07 42.343 -37 30 46.98 11.05 10.80 9.94 9.36 10.2 ~ 756 3
28 UGCA 116 AGN 05 55 42.645 +03 23 32.23 10.74 11.68 11.46   11.82 ~ 561 0
29 NGC 2146 AGN 06 18 37.710 +78 21 25.27 11.67 11.38 10.59     ~ 765 2
30 LEDA 3090963 H2G 08 42 20.941 +11 50 00.39           ~ 42 0
31 SDSS J084236.57+103313.9 EmG 08 42 36.5888720088 +10 33 13.911978708           ~ 22 0
32 Z 90-3 H2G 08 45 33.662 +16 05 46.88   15.7       ~ 36 0
33 SAS-LBG B20902-C6 G 09 05 20.58 +34 09 07.7           ~ 14 0
34 SAS-LBG B20902-C12 G 09 05 43.83 +34 11 07.7           ~ 7 0
35 NAME SMM J09431+4700 AGN 09 43 03.96 +47 00 16.0       23.80   ~ 45 0
36 M 82 AGN 09 55 52.430 +69 40 46.93 9.61 9.30 8.41     ~ 6156 6
37 NGC 3077 GiP 10 03 19.0965510921 +68 44 01.556166166 11.23 10.85 10.14 9.74   ~ 808 0
38 NVSS J102000+081335 rG 10 20 00.1849825704 +08 13 33.648546108   17.5       ~ 167 1
39 NGC 3256 Sy2 10 27 51.284 -43 54 13.55   11.83 11.33 10.62 11.9 ~ 920 2
40 IRAS 10565+2448 LIN 10 59 18.12811 +24 32 34.7357   15.7       ~ 302 0
41 MCG+05-26-046 SBG 11 04 58.298 +29 08 16.54   15.5 15.29     ~ 228 0
42 Z 12-61 rG 11 42 12.253 +00 20 03.68   14.16 13.67 13.41 13.03 ~ 196 1
43 2dFGRS TGN378Z115 H2G 11 50 23.8586763672 -00 31 41.089748556   18   16.592   ~ 42 0
44 SDSS J121329.49+114056.9 H2G 12 13 29.4849389208 +11 40 56.940809340           ~ 13 0
45 Mrk 59 rG 12 59 00.288 +34 50 42.45           ~ 319 2
46 NGC 4861 H2G 12 59 02.340 +34 51 33.98   12.90 12.32     ~ 389 2
47 NGC 5253 rG 13 39 55.990 -31 38 24.11 11.48 10.94 10.49 10.33 13.47 ~ 1421 4
48 Z 271-60 Sy2 13 44 42.1883001099 +55 53 13.596220922   15.68 14.91     ~ 958 3
49 NAME SMM J14011+0252 rG 14 01 04.95 +02 52 24.0           ~ 156 1
50 NAME Cambridge 1409+1200 H2G 14 11 40.50 +11 45 29.0           ~ 14 0
51 NAME SMM J141809.8+522205 G 14 18 09.73 +52 22 01.3           ~ 27 0
52 SAS-LBG Q1422-D81 G 14 24 31.48 +22 59 51.1       23.41   ~ 10 0
53 LEDA 52270 Sy1 14 37 38.2867288488 -15 00 24.087592692   16.58 16.40     ~ 300 2
54 NAME MS 1512-cB58 AGN 15 14 22.2751 +36 36 25.674     20.64   20.35 ~ 326 0
55 FIRST J151422.4+363620 rG 15 14 22.482 +36 36 21.08           ~ 146 1
56 IC 1127 SyG 15 34 57.22396 +23 30 11.6084   14.76 13.88     ~ 3090 4
57 SAS-LBG 3C324-C3 G 15 49 47.10 +21 27 05.4           ~ 9 0
58 [ESS2003] Q1623-BX376 G 16 25 45.59 +26 46 49.3           ~ 11 0
59 [ESS2003] Q1623-BX432 G 16 25 48.74 +26 46 47.0           ~ 10 0
60 [ESS2003] Q1623-BX447 G 16 25 50.38 +26 47 14.1           ~ 8 0
61 [ESS2003] Q1623-BX449 G 16 25 50.55 +26 46 59.6           ~ 7 0
62 [ESS2003] Q1623-MD107 G 16 25 53.88 +26 45 15.2           ~ 8 0
63 [ESS2003] Q1623-BX522 G 16 25 55.76 +26 44 53.2           ~ 8 0
64 [ESS2003] Q1623-BX511 G 16 25 56.10 +26 44 44.4           ~ 6 0
65 NAME SMM J163650.43+405734.5 Sy1 16 36 50.5 +40 57 34   23.3 23.30   21.83 ~ 91 0
66 NGC 6240 Sy2 16 52 58.9 +02 24 03   14.31 13.37     ~ 1734 2
67 [ESS2003] Q1700-BX717 G 17 00 57.00 +64 12 23.7           ~ 13 0
68 [ESS2003] Q1700-MD103 G 17 01 00.21 +64 11 55.6           ~ 19 0
69 [ESS2003] Q1700-MD109 G 17 01 04.48 +64 12 09.3           ~ 13 0
70 [ESS2003] Q1700-BX691 G 17 01 05.99 +64 12 10.3           ~ 21 0
71 LEDA 60189 LIN 17 23 21.96264 -00 17 00.8088   15.1       ~ 454 0
72 NGC 6822 G 19 44 56.199 -14 47 51.29   18 8.1     ~ 1661 0
73 LEDA 90352 LIN 20 11 23.86872 -02 59 50.7588   17.80   16.41   ~ 78 0
74 ESO 286-19 LIN 20 58 26.8183783008 -42 38 59.411838156   14.79 14.79 14.20   ~ 318 0
75 [SAD98] SSA 22a MD31 G 22 17 27.30 +00 18 09.5   24.33 23.60 23.56   ~ 14 0
76 SAS-LBG SSA22a-D3 EmG 22 17 32.40 +00 11 34.1       23.92   ~ 37 0
77 SAS-LBG SSA22a-MD41 G 22 17 39.97 +00 17 11.0           ~ 31 0
78 SAS-LBG DSF2237b-C21 G 22 39 29.00 +11 50 58.1           ~ 5 0
79 NGC 7552 Sy1 23 16 10.66 -42 35 04.7 11.34 11.22 10.57 10.08 11.1 ~ 574 3
80 NGC 7582 Sy2 23 18 23.60 -42 22 13.3 11.62 10.92 10.62     ~ 978 3
81 LEDA 90429 SyG 23 39 01.26960 +36 21 08.5896   16.17       ~ 232 1
82 UM 461A EmO ~ ~           ~ 2 0

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