2005MNRAS.361..679O

Query : 2005MNRAS.361..679O

2005MNRAS.361..679O - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 361, 679-694 (2005/August-1)

Evolution of X-ray emission from young massive star clusters.

OSKINOVA L.M.

Abstract (from CDS):

The evolution of X-ray emission from young massive star clusters is modelled, taking into account the emission from the stars as well as from the cluster wind. It is shown that the level and character of the soft (0.2-10 keV) X-ray emission change drastically with cluster age and are tightly linked with stellar evolution. Using the modern X-ray observations of massive stars, we show that the correlation between bolometric and X-ray luminosity known for single O stars also holds for O+O and (Wolf-Rayet) WR+O binaries. The diffuse emission originates from the cluster wind heated by the kinetic energy of stellar winds and supernova explosions. To model the evolution of the cluster wind, the mass and energy yields from a population synthesis are used as input to a hydrodynamic model. It is shown that in a very young cluster the emission from the cluster wind is low. When the cluster evolves, WR stars are formed. Their strong stellar winds power an increasing X-ray emission of the cluster wind. Subsequent supernova explosions pump the level of diffuse emission even higher. Clusters at this evolutionary stage may have no X-ray-bright stellar point sources, but a relatively high level of diffuse emission. A supernova remnant may become a dominant X-ray source, but only for a short time interval of a few thousand years. We retrieve and analyse Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of six massive star clusters located in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). Our model reproduces the observed diffuse and point-source emission from these LMC clusters, as well as from the Galactic clusters Arches, Quintuplet and NGC 3603.

Abstract Copyright: 2005 RAS

Journal keyword(s): stars: winds, outflows - stars: Wolf-Rayet - open clusters and associations: general - Magellanic Clouds - X-rays: stars

CDS comments: Sher 25 = NGC 3603 25

Simbad objects: 97

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Number of rows : 97
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 HD 4004 WR* 00 43 28.3971737448 +64 45 35.384652468 10.28 10.718 10.138     WN4-s 205 0
2 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 12317 1
3 NGC 346 Cl* 00 59 04.4000 -72 10 39.000           ~ 547 0
4 HD 5980 WR* 00 59 26.5838833944 -72 09 53.927337312   11.13 11.31   11.029 WN4+O7I: 419 1
5 HD 6327 WR* 01 05 23.0309242057 +60 25 18.900677036   11.49 11.33     WN2-w 122 0
6 HD 9974 WR* 01 38 55.6274097096 +58 09 22.673806272 9.85 10.71 10.69     WN3h-w 173 0
7 * ksi Per ** 03 58 57.9024302099 +35 47 27.709515737 3.190 4.080 4.060 3.88 3.89 O7.5III(n)((f)) 850 0
8 * alf Cam s*b 04 54 03.0113886719 +66 20 33.633625509 3.47 4.34 4.29 4.18 4.18 O9Ia 675 1
9 6dFGS gJ050304.0-663346 Sy1 05 03 03.968 -66 33 45.60   13.9   14.5   ~ 43 0
10 NGC 1818 GlC 05 04 13.300 -66 26 05.47           ~ 279 0
11 NGC 1831 GlC 05 06 16.12 -64 55 06.9   11.52 11.18     ~ 167 0
12 NGC 1850 Cl* 05 08 50.190 -68 45 35.65   8.84 8.96     ~ 298 1
13 NGC 1860 Cl* 05 10 41.140 -68 45 12.61   11.18 11.04     ~ 36 0
14 RX J0510.8-6845 * 05 10 48.21 -68 44 53.9           K0V 9 0
15 V* AE Aur Or* 05 16 18.1493304816 +34 18 44.344404000 5.48 6.18 5.96     O9.5V 597 1
16 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
17 * del Ori ** 05 32 00.40009 -00 17 56.7424 0.96 2.02 2.41 2.32 2.54 O9.5IINwk 796 0
18 NAME Orion Nebula Cluster OpC 05 35.0 -05 29           ~ 2514 0
19 NAME Ori Trapezium OpC 05 35 16.5 -05 23 14           ~ 1708 1
20 * iot Ori SB* 05 35 25.9861932063 -05 54 35.598684624 1.45 2.53 2.77     O9IIIvar 793 0
21 NAME 30 Dor C Superbubble Rad 05 35 50.8 -69 12 22           ~ 54 0
22 RMC 136 Cl* 05 38 42.396 -69 06 03.36   5.81 5.40     ~ 2236 2
23 RMC 136a Cl* 05 38 43.3 -69 06 08           ~ 158 2
24 Cl* NGC 2070 MH 887 SB* 05 38 44.3243216536 -69 05 54.733739541     13.79   13.54 OC2.5If*+O4V 20 0
25 NGC 2100 Cl* 05 42 07.200 -69 12 26.99           ~ 195 0
26 * mu. Col V* 05 45 59.8950238944 -32 18 23.162261796 3.84 4.90 5.18 5.30 5.57 O9.5V 523 0
27 NAME Rosette Molecular Cloud MoC 06 34.7 +04 02           ~ 277 0
28 HD 47129 SB* 06 37 24.0420854544 +06 08 07.369104444 5.23 6.11 6.06     O8I+O7.5III 420 0
29 * 15 Mon Be* 06 40 58.65963 +09 53 44.7229 3.360 4.45 4.68   4.88 O7V+B1.5/2V 823 0
30 HD 50896 WR* 06 54 13.0439608392 -23 55 42.023319852 5.74 6.63 6.91 7.74   WN4b 794 0
31 HD 56925 WR* 07 18 29.1311435688 -13 13 01.513932528 11.21 11.74 11.56 11.40   WN4b 181 0
32 * 29 CMa SB* 07 18 40.3789353696 -24 33 31.318248528 3.80 4.80 4.95 4.95 5.08 O7Iafpvar 433 0
33 * tau CMa SB* 07 18 42.4849951654 -24 57 15.700749738 3.26 4.25 4.40 4.44 4.62 O9II 439 0
34 * zet Pup BY* 08 03 35.04754 -40 00 11.3321 0.89 1.98 2.25 2.36 2.58 O4I(n)fp 1190 1
35 * gam02 Vel WR* 08 09 31.95013 -47 20 11.7108 0.64 1.58 1.83 1.85 2.00 WC8+O7.5III-V 951 0
36 HD 68450 * 08 11 01.6832319648 -37 17 32.549289720 5.58 6.42 6.44 7.43   O9.7II 142 0
37 HD 86161 WR* 09 54 52.9033957968 -57 43 38.274644604 7.94 8.65 8.36 8.93   WN8h 230 0
38 HD 89358 WR* 10 17 02.2743231360 -57 54 46.875258324 11.1 11.19 10.83 10.59   WN4-s 181 1
39 V* V712 Car EB* 10 23 58.0126366512 -57 45 48.937268268 15.466 15.473 13.5 12.6   O3If*/WN6+O3If*/WN6 176 0
40 WR 20b WR* 10 24 18.3978418584 -57 48 29.776921704     13.7 12.0   WN6ha 59 0
41 HD 92740 WR* 10 41 17.5158425712 -59 40 36.895992960 5.68 6.50 6.42 7.38   WN7h+O9III-V 426 0
42 HD 93162 WR* 10 44 10.3890266112 -59 43 11.106500520 7.90 8.55 8.80 8.66   O2.5If*/WN6+OB 374 0
43 HD 93206 * 10 44 22.9085235888 -59 59 35.970489960 5.53 6.37 6.24 7.42   O9.7Ibn 223 0
44 V* V560 Car SB* 10 44 33.7393258944 -59 44 15.434446956 6.89 7.80 7.75 7.56 7.46 O3.5V((f))+O8V 314 0
45 * eta Car s*b 10 45 03.545808 -59 41 03.95124 6.37 7.03 6.48 6.123 4.41 LBV 2543 0
46 HD 93403 SB* 10 45 44.1198371784 -59 24 28.153300860 6.72 8.46 8.27 8.35   O5.5III(fc)var 203 1
47 HD 96548 WR* 11 06 17.2032351624 -65 30 35.241182028 7.10 7.80 7.70 8.49   WN8h 427 0
48 V* EM Car SB* 11 12 04.5060592584 -61 05 42.944560584 8.06 8.80 8.54 9.25   O7.5V((f))+O7.5V((f)) 172 0
49 WR 42d WR* 11 14 38.64 -61 11 16.3   16.61 15.28     WN5b 15 0
50 NGC 3603 OpC 11 14 57.9 -61 14 32           ~ 1136 1
51 NAME Sher 25 star * 11 15 07.6447245696 -61 15 17.611428348   13.63 12.27     B1.5Iab 82 1
52 SMSP 13 WR* 11 18 43.1004271704 -61 26 35.869996464   17.75 16.20 15.81   WN5b 12 1
53 HD 104994 WR* 12 05 18.7204232424 -62 03 10.140656832 9.95 10.94 10.93 11.03   WN3p-w 170 0
54 HD 311884 WR* 12 43 50.9991209208 -63 05 14.812489320 11.45 11.64 10.81 10.59   WN6+O5V 175 0
55 * tet Mus WR* 13 08 07.1531705448 -65 18 21.679426548 4.71 5.50 5.53 5.44 5.40 WC5+B0III 336 0
56 MR 53 WR* 14 13 03.5252119752 -65 26 52.707986592 11.93 12.51 12.32 12.21   WN5-w 74 0
57 * del Cir SB* 15 16 56.8959099600 -60 57 26.120078136 4.11 5.03 5.09 6.68   O8V 170 0
58 HD 149404 s*b 16 36 22.5628499784 -42 51 31.902127776 5.23 5.88 5.52 6.90   O8.5Iab(f)p 265 0
59 * zet Oph Be* 16 37 09.5400587698 -10 34 01.509742704 1.73 2.58 2.56 2.46 2.50 O9.2IVnn 1908 0
60 HD 151932 WR* 16 52 19.2477039480 -41 51 16.270066224 6.06 6.79 6.51 7.64   WN7h 326 0
61 HD 152219 SB* 16 53 55.6078109256 -41 52 51.496403268 6.950 7.705 7.569   7.267 O9.5III(n) 114 0
62 HD 152218 Y*O 16 53 59.9905195488 -41 42 52.817214240 7.02 7.78 7.570   7.243 O9IV+B0:V: 160 0
63 HD 152248 Y*O 16 54 10.0618206816 -41 49 30.139291596 5.56 6.15 6.088     O7Iabf+O7Ib(f) 270 0
64 NGC 6231 OpC 16 54 14.4 -41 48 53           ~ 562 0
65 HD 152270 WR* 16 54 19.6991292072 -41 49 11.531710092 6.26 6.80 6.597 6.72 6.39 WC7+O5-8 315 0
66 HD 152408 WR* 16 54 58.5051071856 -41 09 03.093075612 5.17 5.92 5.77 7.00   O8Iape 388 0
67 V* V1297 Sco SB* 16 56 05.2157203176 -40 20 57.576260184 7.87 9.11 9.29 9.29   O7.5Vz 149 0
68 HD 154368 s*b 17 06 28.3687759224 -35 27 03.760593156 6.10 6.63 6.13 7.12   O9.5Iab 316 0
69 HD 159176 Be* 17 34 42.4921337376 -32 34 53.995451196 4.88 5.74 5.70 7.19   O7V 261 0
70 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 16269 0
71 NAME Arches Cluster Cl* 17 45 50.5 -28 49 28           ~ 792 0
72 NAME Quintuplet Cluster OpC 17 46 13.9 -28 49 48           ~ 561 0
73 Cl Ruprecht 136 OpC 17 59 18 -24 42.6           ~ 18 0
74 HD 165052 SB* 18 05 10.5506592816 -24 23 54.847798080 6.16 6.98 6.87 7.77   O6.5V((f))z 282 1
75 HD 165688 WR* 18 07 56.9609461704 -19 23 56.863324824 10.46 10.31 9.87 9.85   WN5-6b 162 0
76 HD 167771 SB* 18 17 28.5570708120 -18 27 48.424975128 5.81 6.65 6.54 7.43   O7III((f))+O8III 189 0
77 HD 168206 WR* 18 19 07.3629298440 -11 37 59.164994424 9.65 9.88 9.10     WC8+O8/9III/V 308 1
78 Hen 2-427 WR* 19 11 30.8749167768 +16 51 38.200938264   12.19 11.50     WN8h 350 0
79 HD 190002 WR* 20 01 39.7320392256 +32 34 17.996341908 13.83 13.42 12.67     WC7 69 0
80 HD 190918 WR* 20 05 57.3244526328 +35 47 18.150756792 6.11 6.88 6.75     WN5+O9I 385 0
81 HD 192163 WR* 20 12 06.5418877464 +38 21 17.784181008 7.12 7.49 7.50     WN6(h)-s 715 1
82 HD 193077 WR* 20 17 00.0260987184 +37 25 23.785483116 7.82 8.32 8.01 8.71   WN5o+B? 297 0
83 * P Cyg s*b 20 17 47.2019733389 +38 01 58.549132671 4.66 5.24 4.82 4.28 4.02 B1-2Ia-0ep 1200 1
84 HD 193576 WR* 20 19 32.4229160448 +38 43 53.959035756 8.15 8.53 8.00     WN5+O6II-V 721 0
85 HD 193793 WR* 20 20 27.9757908696 +43 51 16.286840244 6.90 7.25 6.85 4.58   WC7pd+O5.5fc 754 0
86 HD 193928 WR* 20 21 31.7290073688 +36 55 12.773070696 10.67 10.60 9.78     WN5-w+O5V-III 205 0
87 BD+40 4220 s*b 20 32 22.4238071594 +41 18 18.942475904 11.32 10.61 9.185     O7Iafep 414 0
88 EM* AS 431 WR* 20 36 43.6322747712 +40 21 07.442607924     13.73 12.51   WN8(h)+B0.5V 228 0
89 HD 197406 WR* 20 41 21.5485520640 +52 35 15.142636896 10.42 10.87 10.30     WN8h+B3IV/BH 200 0
90 * 68 Cyg SB* 21 18 27.1862219256 +43 56 45.399147864 4.05 4.99 5.00     O7.5IIIn((f)) 383 0
91 HD 206267 Y*O 21 38 57.6195772032 +57 29 20.554016280 5.09 5.83 5.62   5.56 O6.0V((f))+O9:V 520 0
92 * 14 Cep SB* 22 02 04.5726270264 +58 00 01.309758516 4.77 5.551 5.542     O9IV(n)var+B1:V: 262 0
93 * lam Cep s*b 22 11 30.5765111040 +59 24 52.154264880 4.55 5.29 5.05 4.77 4.62 O6.5I(n)fp 705 1
94 HD 211564 WR* 22 16 24.0318845736 +55 37 36.767570232   11.72 11.61     WN3(h)-w 123 0
95 HD 214419 WR* 22 36 53.9548302648 +56 54 20.989190232 8.68 9.376 8.996 8.962   WN6o+O9Ib/II 385 1
96 HD 219460 ** 23 15 12.39033 +60 27 01.8129 10.23 10.51 9.89 9.563   B1II+WN4.5 135 0
97 HD 219460A * 23 15 12.3995306290 +60 27 01.845560649   10.97 10.57     B0.7II 128 0

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