2006A&A...457..823S

Query : 2006A&A...457..823S

2006A&A...457..823S - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 457823-839 (2006/10-3)

Stellar populations of early-type galaxies in different environments. III. Line-strength gradients.

SANCHEZ-BLAZQUEZ P., GORGAS J. and CARDIEL N.

Abstract (from CDS):

This is the third paper of a series devoted to the study of the stellar content of early-type galaxies. The goal of the series is to set constraints on the evolutionary status of these objects. We present line-strength gradients for 22 spectral indices measured in a sample of 82 early-type galaxies in different environments, including the high-density cores of the Coma cluster, the Virgo cluster, poor groups, and isolated field galaxies. Using new evolutionary population synthesis models, we derive age and metallicity gradients, and compare the mean values with the predictions of different galaxy formation models. We explore the behaviour of individual chemical species by deriving the metallicity gradient with different indicators. We find that the strength of the metallicity gradient inferred from stellar population models depends on the specific Lick index employed. In particular, metallicity gradients obtained with CN2 and C4668 combined with Hβ are steeper than those measured using Ca4227 or Fe4383. The correlation of the metallicity gradients with other parameters also depends on the specific index employed. If the metallicity gradient is obtained using CN2 and Mgb, then it correlates with the central age of the galaxies. On the contrary, if Fe4383 or Ca4227 is used, the metallicity gradient correlates with the velocity dispersion gradient. This may suggest that several mechanisms have helped to set the age and metallicity gradients in early-type galaxies. While we do not find any correlation between the metallicity gradient and the central velocity dispersion for galaxies in low-density environments, we find a marginal correlation between the metallicity gradient and the mass for galaxies in the centre of the Coma cluster. We also find a trend for which galaxies in denser environments show a steeper metallicity gradient than galaxies in less dense environments. We interpret these results in light of the different mechanisms proposed to explain the observed changes between galaxies as a function of environment.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): Galaxy: abundances - galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD - galaxies: stellar content

Simbad objects: 84

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Number of rows : 84
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 M 32 GiG 00 42 41.82480 +40 51 54.6120 9.51 9.03 8.08     ~ 2236 2
2 NGC 315 LIN 00 57 48.88334410 +30 21 08.8119345 12.80 12.20 11.16 11.26   ~ 869 2
3 NGC 507 rG 01 23 39.950 +33 15 22.22   13.0       ~ 459 1
4 NGC 584 Sy2 01 31 20.7231919800 -06 52 04.770287472 11.93 11.44 10.48     ~ 417 2
5 NGC 636 EmG 01 39 06.5293238064 -07 30 45.475975296   12.5       ~ 196 0
6 NGC 821 AG? 02 08 21.1358498040 +10 59 41.832436704   12.210 11.310 10.739 9.744 ~ 592 0
7 NGC 1453 EmG 03 46 27.2307890592 -03 58 07.831476768   13   11.30   ~ 189 0
8 NGC 1600 rG 04 31 39.858 -05 05 09.97   8.9   10.81   ~ 409 1
9 NGC 1700 EmG 04 56 56.3160873072 -04 51 56.794713228   12   11.14   ~ 356 1
10 NGC 2329 rG 07 09 08.0049393360 +48 36 55.726108020   13.7 13.99     ~ 143 3
11 NGC 2300 AG? 07 32 20.486 +85 42 31.90   12.2       ~ 346 0
12 NGC 2694 AG? 08 56 59.2596816360 +51 19 55.035258924   15.5       ~ 52 0
13 NGC 2693 GiG 08 56 59.2620417624 +51 20 50.738224092 13.45 12.84 11.88     ~ 137 1
14 NGC 2778 GiP 09 12 24.3741783168 +35 01 39.140496840   13.1       ~ 303 0
15 NGC 2832 LIN 09 19 46.853 +33 44 59.07   13.3 13.17     ~ 274 3
16 NGC 3115 GiG 10 05 13.9270507008 -07 43 06.982712292   11   9.37   ~ 1067 2
17 NGC 3377 GiP 10 47 42.400 +13 59 08.30 11.55 11.24 10.38     ~ 798 1
18 M 105 LIN 10 47 49.600 +12 34 53.87   10.56 9.76 9.12 8.18 ~ 1504 0
19 NGC 3605 GiG 11 16 46.5896102400 +18 01 01.777666908   12.7       ~ 261 0
20 NGC 3608 LIN 11 16 58.967 +18 08 54.71   11.7       ~ 527 0
21 NGC 3641 GiG 11 21 08.8111086864 +03 11 40.530956028   14.10 13.20     ~ 113 1
22 NGC 3665 GiG 11 24 43.630 +38 45 46.05 13.71 13.26 11.62     ~ 364 1
23 NGC 3818 EmG 11 41 57.3563891040 -06 09 20.459153376   13   11.78   ~ 186 0
24 IC 767 GiG 12 11 02.7290142024 +12 06 14.382907236   14.6       ~ 64 0
25 NGC 4261 LIN 12 19 23.2160630 +05 49 29.700024   13.92 12.87     ~ 1290 0
26 NGC 4278 LIN 12 20 06.8242 +29 16 50.722 11.54 11.09 10.16     ~ 988 2
27 NGC 4365 GiG 12 24 28.228 +07 19 03.07   11.5       ~ 871 0
28 M 84 Sy2 12 25 03.74333 +12 53 13.1393 12.67 12.09 10.49     ~ 1841 2
29 NGC 4415 GiG 12 26 40.4842511880 +08 26 08.595255480   14.2       ~ 120 0
30 NGC 4431 GiP 12 27 27.3817521552 +12 17 25.041554808 14.17 13.74 12.89     ~ 171 2
31 IC 794 GiG 12 28 08.6096744256 +12 05 35.874205512   14.07 13.44   12.39 ~ 121 1
32 NGC 4464 GiG 12 29 21.2937802368 +08 09 23.807609316   13.5       ~ 242 0
33 NGC 4467 GiG 12 29 30.2447376768 +07 59 34.273371336   15.2       ~ 187 0
34 M 49 Sy2 12 29 46.8 +08 00 01   13.21 12.17     ~ 2174 2
35 NGC 4478 GiP 12 30 17.4160005576 +12 19 42.790577160 12.82 12.36 11.45   10.17 ~ 508 1
36 NGC 4486B GiG 12 30 31.985 +12 29 24.85   14.5       ~ 428 0
37 NAME Virgo Cluster ClG 12 30 47.8 +12 23 07           ~ 7107 0
38 NGC 4489 GiG 12 30 52.2472748976 +16 45 31.866359004   13.2       ~ 264 0
39 M 89 Sy2 12 35 39.80733343 +12 33 22.8308657 11.29 10.73 9.75     ~ 1037 2
40 NGC 4564 GiG 12 36 26.9869512504 +11 26 21.204472848 12.51 12.05 11.12     ~ 615 1
41 IC 3618 GiG 12 39 17.1257804112 +26 40 39.972372780   15.5       ~ 42 0
42 Z 159-43 GiG 12 39 18.9012835104 +27 46 24.663003852   15.3       ~ 44 0
43 M 104 LIN 12 39 59.43185902 -11 37 22.9961800 9.51 9.55 8.00 8.05   ~ 1465 2
44 M 59 GiG 12 42 02.2581375168 +11 38 48.909507756   11.0       ~ 721 0
45 NGC 4636 LIN 12 42 49.8333280080 +02 41 15.951929028   12.62 11.84     ~ 1156 1
46 M 60 GiC 12 43 39.9708251934 +11 33 09.688174067   10.3       ~ 1395 1
47 NGC 4673 GiG 12 45 34.6697689368 +27 03 38.999971728   13.7       ~ 85 0
48 NGC 4692 GiG 12 47 55.3116821448 +27 13 20.444822832   14.0       ~ 69 0
49 NGC 4697 GiG 12 48 35.8981498824 -05 48 02.482374564   10.97   9.83   ~ 895 0
50 Z 159-83 EmG 12 49 42.2824118760 +26 53 31.218447156   14.9       ~ 57 0
51 Z 159-89 GiG 12 50 54.0392305128 +27 50 30.469067772   14.8       ~ 56 0
52 NGC 4742 GiG 12 51 48.0416784480 -10 27 17.196625800   12   11.55   ~ 235 1
53 IC 832 LIN 12 53 59.1049409712 +26 26 38.493325104   15.0       ~ 58 0
54 NGC 4839 BiC 12 57 24.3563164776 +27 29 52.203087132 13.56 13.02 12.06     ~ 482 3
55 NGC 4842A LIN 12 57 35.8534614792 +27 29 35.689996896   14.9       ~ 87 0
56 IC 3957 GiC 12 59 07.5004634112 +27 46 04.045220580 16.15 15.862 14.72 14.332 13.683 ~ 113 0
57 IC 3959 GiG 12 59 08.2121809416 +27 47 02.945321736 15.56 15.2 14.03 13.771 13.064 ~ 143 0
58 NGC 4864 GiG 12 59 13.129 +27 58 36.91 15.338 14.8 13.872 13.321 12.594 ~ 136 0
59 IC 3963 GiC 12 59 13.5007965936 +27 46 28.624729584 16.11 15.837 14.72 14.33 13.71 ~ 91 0
60 NGC 4865 EmG 12 59 19.8737739096 +28 05 03.488821044 15.06 14.6 13.692 13.131 12.443 ~ 115 0
61 IC 3973 AG? 12 59 30.8230953864 +27 53 03.142254372 15.50 15.2 14.03 13.802 13.114 ~ 112 0
62 NGC 4874 LIN 12 59 35.7093764280 +27 57 33.293892204 13.01 13.7 12.71 12.27 11.386 ~ 814 3
63 NGC 4875 GiC 12 59 37.9093929384 +27 54 26.400242232 16.03 15.92 14.57 14.322 13.605 ~ 99 0
64 ACO 1656 ClG 12 59 44.40 +27 54 44.9           ~ 5141 2
65 NGC 4889 EmG 13 00 08.097 +27 58 37.29 12.93 13.0 11.30 11.652 10.906 ~ 742 1
66 IC 4042 AGN 13 00 42.7595583480 +27 58 16.579136856 15.44 15.272 14.01 13.713 13.025 ~ 105 0
67 NGC 4908 LIN 13 00 51.5428778808 +28 02 34.346182596 15.05 14.9 13.58 13.273 12.566 ~ 125 0
68 IC 4051 EmG 13 00 54.4630403184 +28 00 27.502143300 15.04 14.8 13.50 13.003 12.305 ~ 218 0
69 NGC 5638 GiP 14 29 40.3717451400 +03 13 59.987811648 12.57 12.14 11.20     ~ 252 2
70 NGC 5796 GiP 14 59 24.115 -16 37 26.55   13   11.37   ~ 118 0
71 NGC 5812 EmG 15 00 55.708 -07 27 26.33   12   11.19   ~ 164 0
72 NGC 5813 LIN 15 01 11.2302420864 +01 42 07.141569696 12.00 11.45 10.46 10.06   ~ 673 2
73 NGC 5831 GiG 15 04 07.0002600408 +01 13 11.705607012   13.1   11.19   ~ 304 0
74 NGC 5845 GiG 15 06 00.7823239488 +01 38 01.704838596   13.8 11.20 12.06 9.94 ~ 403 0
75 NGC 5846A GiP 15 06 29.2023813744 +01 35 41.627266512   14.1 13.37 13.07 12.1 ~ 125 0
76 NGC 5846 rG 15 06 29.253 +01 36 20.29   11.9   9.74   ~ 891 2
77 NGC 6125 AG? 16 19 11.5344941208 +57 59 02.863041504   13.0       ~ 106 0
78 NGC 6166 Sy2 16 28 38.24470063 +39 33 04.2335319   12.78 11.78     ~ 793 2
79 NGC 6411 AG? 17 35 32.8446342384 +60 48 48.236693796   13.2       ~ 119 0
80 NGC 6482 GiG 17 51 48.8339247888 +23 04 18.889271112 12.71 12.35 11.45     ~ 220 1
81 NGC 6702 AG? 18 46 57.5835209136 +45 42 20.305242180 15.30 14.73 13.05     ~ 148 0
82 NGC 6703 AG? 18 47 18.8166660360 +45 33 02.274865812   12.29 11.34     ~ 225 0
83 NGC 7052 rG 21 18 33.0441963648 +26 26 49.174586196 15.52 14.85 13.09     ~ 348 1
84 NGC 7332 GiP 22 37 24.5373044952 +23 47 53.830708800   12.0       ~ 391 0

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