2006ApJ...649..730W

Query : 2006ApJ...649..730W

2006ApJ...649..730W - Astrophys. J., 649, 730-752 (2006/October-1)

XMM-Newton archival study of the ultraluminous X-ray population in nearby galaxies.

WINTER L.M., MUSHOTZKY R.F. and REYNOLDS C.S.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present the results of an archival XMM-Newton study of the bright X-ray point sources (LX>1038 ergs/s) in 32 nearby galaxies. From our list of approximately 100 point sources, we attempt to determine if there is a low-state counterpart to the ultraluminous X-ray (ULX) population, searching for a soft-hard state dichotomy similar to that known for Galactic X-ray binaries and testing the specific predictions of the intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) hypothesis. To this end, we searched for ``low-state'' objects, which we defined as objects within our sample that had a spectrum well fitted by a simple absorbed power law, and ``high-state'' objects, which we defined as objects better fitted by a combined blackbody and a power law. Assuming that low-state objects accrete at approximately 10% of the Eddington luminosity (as found by Done & Gierlinski) and that high-state objects accrete near the Eddington luminosity, we further divided our sample of sources into low- and high-state ULX sources. We classify 16 sources as low-state ULXs and 26 objects as high-state ULXs. As in Galactic BH systems, the spectral indices, Γ, of the low-state objects, as well as the luminosities, tend to be lower than those of the high-state objects. The observed range of blackbody temperatures for the high state is 0.1-1 keV, with the most luminous systems tending toward the lowest temperatures. We therefore divide our high-state ULXs into candidate IMBHs (with blackbody temperatures of approximately 0.1 keV) and candidate stellar mass BHs (with blackbody temperatures of approximately 1.0 keV). A subset of the candidate stellar mass BHs have spectra that are well fitted by a Comptonization model, a property similar to Galactic BHs radiating in the ``very high'' state near the Eddington limit.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): Accretion, Accretion Disks - Galaxies: General - Surveys - X-Rays: Binaries

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/649/730): table1.dat table6.dat table10.dat>

Nomenclature: Table 6: [WMR2006] NGCNNNN XMMN, [WMR2006] ICNNNN XMMN, [WMR2006] Mrk71 XMMN, [WMR2006] Ho R XMMN, [WMR2006] MNNN XMMN, [WMR2006] Sextans A XMMN, [WMR2006] Circinus XMMN, N=109.

CDS comments: table 7 : Star in NGC 5408 = EQ J1403-4125

Simbad objects: 147

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Number of rows : 147
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 QSO B0044-2059 QSO 00 46 51.8262708456 -20 43 28.522745040   18.7 19.00     ~ 19 0
2 [WMR2006] NGC247 XMM2 X 00 47 03.1 -20 37 02           ~ 1 0
3 [LB2005] NGC 247 X2 X 00 47 04.00 -20 47 45.7           ~ 43 0
4 NGC 247 LSB 00 47 08.554 -20 45 37.44 10.11 9.61 9.10 8.87   ~ 480 2
5 [WMR2006] NGC253 XMM7 X 00 47 09.2 -25 21 22           ~ 3 0
6 RX J004717.4-251811 X 00 47 17.75 -25 18 07.5           ~ 9 0
7 RX J004722.4-252051 ULX 00 47 22.59 -25 20 50.9           ~ 43 0
8 [WMR2006] NGC253 XMM4 X 00 47 23.30 -25 19 06.5           ~ 5 0
9 RX J004732.9-251748 ULX 00 47 32.97 -25 17 50.2           ~ 35 0
10 NGC 253 SyG 00 47 33.134 -25 17 19.68   8.03   6.94 8.1 ~ 3588 2
11 RX J004735.0-251511 X 00 47 35.20 -25 15 11.6           ~ 16 0
12 RX J004742.5-251501 UX? 00 47 42.76 -25 15 02.2           ~ 13 0
13 [WMR2006] NGC300 XMM6 X 00 54 44.2 -37 51 05           ~ 2 0
14 [WMR2006] NGC300 XMM3 X 00 54 50.330 -37 38 49.50           ~ 4 0
15 NGC 300 GiG 00 54 53.4465638304 -37 41 03.168402396 8.83 8.69 8.13 7.46   ~ 1614 2
16 CXOU J005510.0-374212 HXB 00 55 09.990 -37 42 12.16     22.44     WNE 139 1
17 [WMR2006] NGC300 XMM4 X 00 55 10.7 -37 38 55           ~ 13 1
18 [WMR2006] NGC300 XMM2 X 00 55 10.860 -37 48 34.40           ~ 4 0
19 [WMR2006] NGC300 XMM5 X 00 55 21.1 -37 29 20           ~ 2 0
20 V* CG Scl EB* 00 55 26.8410068976 -37 31 26.357991528   9.35 8.67     G6V 34 0
21 QSO B0132-4151 QSO 01 34 42.7208787768 -41 36 12.121211412   18.70 16.4 17.36   ~ 21 0
22 NGC 625 AGN 01 35 04.632 -41 26 10.32 12.37 11.78 11.25 11.03 11.5 ~ 312 2
23 [WMR2006] NGC625 XMM1 X 01 35 06.8 -41 26 17           ~ 1 0
24 SN 1978K SN* 03 17 38.620 -66 33 03.40   13.0       SNII 214 1
25 NGC 1313 AG? 03 18 16.046 -66 29 53.74   10.06 10.0 9.40 10.4 ~ 723 2
26 [WMR2006] NGC1313 XMM4 X 03 18 18.46 -66 30 00.2           ~ 7 0
27 RX J031820.3-662911 UX? 03 18 20.00 -66 29 10.9           ~ 229 1
28 2E 756 ULX 03 18 22.00 -66 36 04.3   23.5 23.6     O9.5 262 3
29 [SST2011] J034555.61+680455.3 ULX 03 45 55.612 +68 04 55.29           ~ 176 1
30 2XMM J034615.6+681112 UX? 03 46 15.61 +68 11 12.8           ~ 32 0
31 2XMM J034648.5+680547 G? 03 46 48.430 +68 05 47.45           ~ 16 0
32 IC 342 AGN 03 46 48.514 +68 05 45.98   10.5       ~ 1579 1
33 [MPK2008] C15 X 03 46 57.490 +68 06 19.51           ~ 15 0
34 NGC 1569 rG 04 30 49.186 +64 50 52.52 11.72 11.86 11.03     ~ 1297 3
35 [MKH2002] 37 * 04 31 13.9834761216 +64 51 08.067155292       12.410   ~ 5 0
36 [MKH2002] 39 * 04 31 16.8288489552 +64 49 50.352174984       12.290   ~ 5 0
37 2MASS J04312524+6451534 Sy2 04 31 25.25 +64 51 53.4       15.660   ~ 9 0
38 1WGA J0454.0-5320 X 04 54.0 -53 20           ~ 1 0
39 NGC 1705 Sy2 04 54 13.4661493464 -53 21 39.471592428 12.32 12.96 12.56 12.58 12.9 ~ 692 1
40 [WMR2006] NGC1705 XMM2 X 04 54 19.6 -53 20 42           ~ 1 0
41 1WGA J0454.7-5318 X 04 54 38.1 -53 18 16           ~ 1 0
42 [WMR2006] NGC1705 XMM1 X 04 54 57.6 -53 24 23           ~ 1 0
43 NGC 2363A HII 07 28 42.8 +69 11 21           ~ 588 3
44 [WMR2006] Mrk71 XMM1 X 07 28 51.8 +69 07 27           ~ 1 0
45 NGC 2366 H2G 07 28 52.4529 +69 12 38.859 12.25 11.86 11.39 11.33   ~ 801 0
46 HD 59581 SB* 07 35 09.1618609272 +65 40 25.073921532   8.84 8.36     G0 28 0
47 [FK2005] 6 ULX 07 36 25.55 +65 35 40.0           ~ 44 0
48 2XMM J073650.1+653604 HXB 07 36 50.0 +65 36 03           ~ 7 1
49 NGC 2403 AGN 07 36 51.3381434280 +65 36 09.650825640 9.31 8.84 8.38 8.19   ~ 1887 1
50 RX J073655.7+653542 HXB 07 36 55.6 +65 35 41           ~ 13 0
51 2E 1831 LXB 07 37 02.33 +65 39 35.0           ~ 16 0
52 UGC 4305 IG 08 19 04.9864630512 +70 43 13.086910452 12.06 11.72 11.39 11.11   ~ 812 2
53 [SST2011] J081929.00+704219.3 ULX 08 19 28.99 +70 42 19.4           ~ 213 2
54 3XMM J093959.4+710640 UX? 09 39 59.44 +71 06 40.2           ~ 3 0
55 Z 332-57 LSB 09 40 32.33 +71 10 56.0 14.53 14.00 13.66 13.41   ~ 372 1
56 3XMM J094130.1+711235 UX? 09 41 30.15 +71 12 35.7           ~ 5 0
57 3XMM J094206.3+710444 UX? 09 42 06.36 +71 04 40.0           ~ 3 0
58 [WMR2006] M81 XMM3 X 09 55 11.3 +69 04 58           ~ 2 0
59 SN 1993J SN* 09 55 24.77476 +69 01 13.7026   10.8 12.0     SNIIb 1507 1
60 [WMR2006] M81 XMM4 X 09 55 25.3 +69 09 56           ~ 2 0
61 [FK2005] 7 SNR 09 55 32.95 +69 00 33.6   23.87 23.89     ~ 86 1
62 M 81 Sy2 09 55 33.1726556496 +69 03 55.062505368   7.89 6.94     ~ 4725 3
63 [WMR2006] M81 XMM5 X 09 55 49.2 +69 05 30           ~ 2 0
64 M 82 AGN 09 55 52.430 +69 40 46.93 9.61 9.30 8.41     ~ 6156 6
65 MCG+12-10-012 AG? 09 57 32.8632 +69 02 50.735 15.19 15.15 14.10 14.12   ~ 327 4
66 RX J0957.9+6903 ULX 09 57 53.290 +69 03 48.20           ~ 246 4
67 MCG-01-26-030 H2G 10 11 00.5 -04 41 30 12.48 12.13 11.93 11.78   ~ 789 2
68 GALEX J101124.5-044215 X 10 11 24.6 -04 42 17   16.5   16.3   ~ 2 0
69 [WMR2006] IC2574 XMM2 X 10 26 33.5 +68 29 32           ~ 1 0
70 [WMR2006] IC2574 XMM3 X 10 27 22.2 +68 18 48           ~ 1 0
71 IC 2574 AG? 10 28 23.6148831408 +68 24 43.440012756 11.70 11.07 10.87 10.74   ~ 703 1
72 [WMR2006] IC2574 XMM1 X 10 28 42.4 +68 28 18           ~ 1 0
73 [WMR2006] NGC4214 XMM1 X 12 15 37.0 +36 19 29           ~ 1 0
74 NGC 4228 SBG 12 15 39.174 +36 19 36.80 10.63 10.30 9.93 9.74   ~ 1017 1
75 [WMR2006] NGC4214 XMM2 X 12 15 58.2 +36 22 39           ~ 1 0
76 QSO J1218+472 QSO 12 18 08.5076691864 +47 16 12.796574376   20.09 19.88     ~ 41 0
77 3XMM J121847.6+472054 UX? 12 18 47.66 +47 20 54.7           ~ 8 0
78 RX J121856.5+472124 X 12 18 56.4 +47 21 26           ~ 8 0
79 M 106 Sy2 12 18 57.620 +47 18 13.39   9.14 8.41 8.11   ~ 2512 4
80 RX J121857.7+471558 UX? 12 18 57.85 +47 16 07.4           ~ 13 0
81 [WMR2006] NGC4258 XMM4 X 12 19 23.20 +47 09 37.2           ~ 4 0
82 [WMR2006] NGC4395 XMM2 X 12 25 25.3 +33 36 46           ~ 2 0
83 [WMR2006] NGC4395 XMM3 X 12 25 32.6 +33 25 28           ~ 2 0
84 SDSS J122542.59+334001.3 QSO 12 25 42.591 +33 40 01.38           ~ 5 0
85 NGC 4395 Sy2 12 25 48.8633109888 +33 32 48.700168152 10.84 10.54 10.11 9.98   ~ 1286 1
86 [SST2011] J122601.44+333131.1 UX? 12 26 01.53 +33 31 30.6           ~ 39 1
87 RX J122809.4+440509 X 12 28 09.279 +44 05 08.09           ~ 12 0
88 NAME NGC 4449 SNR SNR 12 28 10.8 +44 06 41           ~ 40 0
89 NGC 4449 EmG 12 28 11.118 +44 05 36.81 10.11 9.98 9.64 9.45   ~ 1192 1
90 RX J122818.0+440634 UX? 12 28 17.83 +44 06 33.9           ~ 19 0
91 RX J1230.5+4141 ULX 12 30 30.34 +41 41 41.0           ~ 24 2
92 [SST2011] J123030.82+413911.5 HXB 12 30 30.82 +41 39 11.5           ~ 18 0
93 [SST2011] J123032.27+413918.1 HXB 12 30 32.27 +41 39 18.1           ~ 19 0
94 NGC 4490 GiG 12 30 34.5 +41 38 26 10.03 10.22 9.79     ~ 616 3
95 [SST2011] J123036.32+413837.8 HXB 12 30 36.32 +41 38 37.8           ~ 20 1
96 2XMM J123043.1+413819 HXB 12 30 43.25 +41 38 18.4           ~ 22 1
97 [SST2011] J124155.56+323216.9 HXB 12 41 55.56 +32 32 16.9           ~ 24 2
98 [CHP2004] J124157.4+323203 X 12 41 57.29 +32 32 01.4           ~ 11 0
99 [WMR2006] NGC4631 XMM3 X 12 41 57.99 +32 28 51.7           ~ 6 0
100 NGC 4631 GiC 12 42 08.009 +32 32 29.44   9.78 9.19 9.10   ~ 1154 3
101 2CXO J124211.1+323236 HXB 12 42 11.11 +32 32 36.1           ~ 20 0
102 [CHP2004] J124216.0+323250 X 12 42 16.0 +32 32 50           ~ 14 0
103 [WMR2006] NGC4736 XMM1 X 12 50 50.3 +41 07 12           ~ 11 0
104 M 94 SyG 12 50 53.0737971432 +41 07 12.900884628 9.15 8.96 8.24 7.78   ~ 1476 2
105 [BWC2008] C15 X 13 05 18.8 -49 28 24           ~ 3 0
106 [BWC2008] U31 ULX 13 05 21.94 -49 28 26.6           ~ 9 1
107 [WMR2006] NGC4945 XMM5 X 13 05 25.7 -49 28 31           ~ 3 0
108 NGC 4945 Sy2 13 05 27.279 -49 28 04.44   9.31 14.40 7.55   ~ 1582 2
109 CXOGSG J130532.8-492733 ULX 13 05 32.89 -49 27 34.1           ~ 14 1
110 [GMB2000] 3 X 13 05 37.8 -49 25 45           ~ 5 0
111 [WMR2006] NGC5204 XMM2 X 13 29 27.4 +58 25 32           ~ 2 0
112 NGC 5204 LSB 13 29 36.508 +58 25 07.43   11.84   11.37   ~ 494 0
113 [FK2005] 23 ULX 13 29 38.62 +58 25 05.6           ~ 134 2
114 RX J132939+47126 HXB 13 29 39.48 +47 12 43.6   22.59 23.27   24.80 ~ 31 1
115 M 51 Sy2 13 29 52.698 +47 11 42.93   9.26 8.36 8.40   ~ 4565 4
116 RX J132954+47145 UX? 13 29 53.72 +47 14 35.7           ~ 22 1
117 [TW2004] NGC 5194 42 X 13 29 53.81 +47 14 31.6           ~ 4 1
118 [WMR2006] M51 XMM6 UX? 13 29 57.57 +47 10 48.3           ~ 16 0
119 RX J133000+47159 X 13 29 59.52 +47 15 58.2           ~ 12 0
120 RX J133001+47137 UX? 13 30 01.01 +47 13 43.9           ~ 108 0
121 RX J133006+47156 UX? 13 30 06.00 +47 15 42.3           ~ 18 0
122 RX J133007+47110 UX? 13 30 07.55 +47 11 06.1   25.17 25.49   26.04 ~ 83 1
123 RX J133615-29578 G 13 36 15.6 -29 57 51           ~ 2 0
124 6dFGS gJ133645.8-295913 G 13 36 45.8159805984 -29 59 12.551439912   17.15   15.66 15.02 ~ 10 0
125 CXOU J133659.4-294959 LXB 13 36 59.45 -29 49 59.0           ~ 11 0
126 M 83 SBG 13 37 00.91920 -29 51 56.7400 8.85 8.11 7.52 7.21   ~ 2778 2
127 RX J133701-29534 LXB 13 37 01.48 -29 53 26.5           ~ 12 0
128 CXOU J133704.3-295121 XB* 13 37 04.37 -29 51 21.5           ~ 10 1
129 RX J133719-29536 ULX 13 37 20.12 -29 53 47.7           ~ 24 2
130 CD-30 10790 * 13 39 50.6204739192 -31 34 11.497623960   11.60 11.18     ~ 3 0
131 NGC 5253 rG 13 39 55.990 -31 38 24.11 11.48 10.94 10.49 10.33 13.47 ~ 1421 4
132 2XMM J140222.3+541758 XB* 14 02 21.90 +54 17 56.9           ~ 7 0
133 CXOU J140228.3+541626 X 14 02 28.5 +54 16 27           ~ 8 0
134 GSC 03852-01275 HXB 14 02 29.9341699296 +54 21 18.593070660       15.45   M3.2 13 1
135 2E 3170 XB* 14 03 03.6 +54 27 29           ~ 14 0
136 M 101 GiP 14 03 12.583 +54 20 55.50   8.46 7.86 7.76   ~ 3138 2
137 2CXO J140313.9+541810 X 14 03 13.97183 +54 18 10.1575           ~ 6 0
138 2CXO J140314.3+541806 UX? 14 03 14.33 +54 18 06.7   23.22 23.26   23.09 ~ 23 1
139 [WIP99] P17 X 14 03 15.2 +54 17 56           ~ 5 1
140 [FK2005] 25 ULX 14 03 19.63 -41 22 58.7           ~ 252 0
141 NGC 5408 EmG 14 03 20.907 -41 22 39.75   12.59   11.96 12.2 ~ 368 3
142 EQ J1403-4125 * 14 03 27.50 -41 25 18.5           ~ 1 0
143 2E 1402.4+5440 UX? 14 04 14.28 +54 26 03.6           ~ 26 1
144 [GMA99d] 4 ULX 14 12 39.20 -65 23 34.3           ~ 21 0
145 [WMR2006] Circinus XMM1 X 14 12 54.20 -65 22 55.3           ~ 3 0
146 NAME Circinus Galaxy Sy2 14 13 09.906 -65 20 20.47   10.89 9.84 10.6 10.0 ~ 1331 1
147 UCAC4 124-115076 * 14 13 28.0116837792 -65 18 08.309858400       14.208   ~ 2 0

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