2007ApJ...655..718S

Query : 2007ApJ...655..718S

2007ApJ...655..718S - Astrophys. J., 655, 718-734 (2007/February-1)

A strong correlation between circumnuclear dust and black hole accretion in early-type galaxies.

SIMOES LOPES R.D., STORCHI-BERGMANN T., DE FATIMA SARAIVA M. and MARTINI P.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present a detailed investigation of the incidence of circumnuclear dust structure in a large, well-matched sample of early-type galaxies with and without active galactic nuclei (AGNs). All 34 early-type AGN hosts in our sample have circumnuclear dust, while dust is only observed in 26% (9) of a pair-matched sample of 34 early-type, inactive galaxies. This result demonstrates a strong correlation between the presence of circumnuclear dust and accretion onto the central, supermassive black hole in elliptical and lenticular galaxies. This correlation is not present at later Hubble types, where a sample of 31 active and 31 inactive galaxies all contain circumnuclear dust. These archival, Hubble Space Telescope observations reveal a wide range of mostly chaotic dust morphologies. Current estimates suggest the dust settling or destruction time is on order of 108 yr, and therefore the presence of dust in ∼50% of early-type galaxies requires frequent replenishment and similarly frequent fueling of their central supermassive black holes. The observed dust could be internally produced (via stellar winds) or externally accreted, although there are observational challenges for both of these scenarios. Our analysis also reveals that approximately one-third of the early-type galaxies without circumnuclear dust have nuclear stellar disks. These nuclear stellar disks may provide a preferred kinematic axis to externally accreted material, and this material may in turn form new stars in these disks. The observed incidence of nuclear stellar disks and circumnuclear dust suggests that episodic replenishment of nuclear stellar disks occurs and is approximately concurrent with the fueling of the central AGN.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): ISM: Dust, Extinction - Galaxies: Active - Galaxies: Elliptical and Lenticular, cD - Galaxies: Nuclei - Galaxies: Structure - ISM: Structure

Simbad objects: 131

goto Full paper

goto View the references in ADS

Number of rows : 131
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 M 32 GiG 00 42 41.82480 +40 51 54.6120 9.51 9.03 8.08     ~ 2236 2
2 NGC 278 H2G 00 52 04.3452013728 +47 33 01.675026036   10.5       ~ 244 1
3 NGC 315 LIN 00 57 48.88334410 +30 21 08.8119345 12.80 12.20 11.16 11.26   ~ 869 2
4 NGC 404 LIN 01 09 27.02 +35 43 05.3   12.56 11.73     ~ 511 0
5 NGC 507 rG 01 23 39.950 +33 15 22.22   13.0       ~ 459 1
6 NGC 821 AG? 02 08 21.1358498040 +10 59 41.832436704   12.210 11.310 10.739 9.744 ~ 592 0
7 NGC 864 H2G 02 15 27.641 +06 00 09.43   12.00       ~ 235 1
8 NGC 972 G 02 34 13.3574389680 +29 18 40.604917356   12.1 13.63     ~ 178 2
9 NGC 1023 AG? 02 40 24.0133575864 +39 03 47.663392896 10.91 10.35 9.35 7.83   ~ 689 2
10 M 77 Sy2 02 42 40.7091669408 -00 00 47.859690204 9.70 9.61 8.87 10.1 9.9 ~ 4897 2
11 NGC 1058 Sy2 02 43 30.0264850248 +37 20 28.782851784   12.29 11.75 10.85   ~ 483 0
12 NGC 1097 LIN 02 46 19.059 -30 16 29.68 10.46 9.97 9.48 8.72 9.8 ~ 1448 3
13 NGC 1358 Sy2 03 33 39.6807616872 -05 05 22.213915692   14.10 13.05 11.76   ~ 220 1
14 NGC 1667 Sy2 04 48 37.1804579280 -06 19 11.824427712   13.66 12.86 11.72   ~ 384 2
15 NGC 2146 AGN 06 18 37.710 +78 21 25.27 11.67 11.38 10.59     ~ 765 2
16 NGC 2273 Sy1 06 50 08.6691789600 +60 50 44.864645136   14.50 13.54     ~ 566 2
17 NGC 2339 H2G 07 08 20.5343958360 +18 46 48.812128644   12.3       ~ 150 1
18 NGC 2300 AG? 07 32 20.486 +85 42 31.90   12.2       ~ 346 0
19 NGC 2639 Sy2 08 43 38.0682469032 +50 12 19.942091604 12.90 12.56 11.65     ~ 451 2
20 NGC 2655 Sy2 08 55 37.731 +78 13 23.10   12.03 11.08     ~ 318 2
21 NGC 2775 AG? 09 10 20.1334093488 +07 02 16.874157048   11.417 10.481 9.920 8.994 ~ 377 0
22 NGC 2768 SyG 09 11 37.504 +60 02 13.95 11.30 10.84 9.87     ~ 526 2
23 NGC 2748 GiG 09 13 43.03707 +76 28 31.2310   11.7       ~ 223 0
24 NGC 2782 Sy2 09 14 05.11967 +40 06 49.6800 12.29 12.30 11.63     ~ 494 3
25 NGC 2787 LIN 09 19 18.6046606656 +69 12 11.630716128   12.92 11.79     ~ 381 0
26 NGC 2903 AGN 09 32 10.111 +21 30 02.99 10.44 9.75 9.07 8.68   ~ 1204 3
27 NGC 2911 Sy2 09 33 46.10739467 +10 09 08.8215304   14.96 13.83     ~ 259 0
28 NGC 2950 AG? 09 42 35.1484995048 +58 51 04.584956904   11.8       ~ 223 0
29 NGC 3079 Sy2 10 01 57.8789863992 +55 40 47.449758324 11.57 11.54 10.86     ~ 1476 3
30 NGC 3115 GiG 10 05 13.9270507008 -07 43 06.982712292   11   9.37   ~ 1067 2
31 NGC 3166 GiP 10 13 45.7270131936 +03 25 29.310401424   11.2       ~ 246 0
32 NGC 3226 rG 10 23 27.0064075320 +19 53 54.674937420   14.32 13.33     ~ 440 1
33 NGC 3310 AGN 10 38 45.85707 +53 30 11.8940   12.45 12.15     ~ 809 1
34 NGC 3344 EmG 10 43 31.150 +24 55 19.99 10.38 10.54 9.86 9.71   ~ 434 1
35 M 95 GiP 10 43 57.7313485800 +11 42 13.301191332 10.71 10.51 9.73 9.48   ~ 1238 2
36 M 96 GiP 10 46 45.744 +11 49 11.78 10.42 10.15 9.25 8.99   ~ 862 1
37 NGC 3377 GiP 10 47 42.400 +13 59 08.30 11.55 11.24 10.38     ~ 798 1
38 NGC 3384 GiG 10 48 16.8855574392 +12 37 45.371165844   10.0       ~ 617 1
39 NGC 3412 GiG 10 50 53.2803559464 +13 24 43.721664876 11.84 11.45 10.54     ~ 248 1
40 NGC 3423 SyG 10 51 14.3245691976 +05 50 24.158965920   12.1       ~ 191 0
41 NGC 3414 GiC 10 51 16.2099174408 +27 58 30.297624852   12.1       ~ 353 0
42 NGC 3486 Sy2 11 00 23.946 +28 58 29.35 10.89 11.11 10.53 10.40   ~ 373 1
43 NGC 3504 LIN 11 03 11.19147 +27 58 20.7660   13.48 12.93     ~ 545 2
44 NGC 3507 AGN 11 03 25.3619733360 +18 08 07.607343732   11.4       ~ 211 0
45 NGC 3516 Sy1 11 06 47.4632200800 +72 34 07.298374656   13.12 12.40     ~ 1638 0
46 M 108 AGN 11 11 30.967 +55 40 26.84   10.70       ~ 497 1
47 NGC 3607 Sy2 11 16 54.65687 +18 03 06.5120   13.84 12.76     ~ 490 1
48 NGC 3610 GiG 11 18 25.2827189856 +58 47 10.433735988   11.4       ~ 327 0
49 NGC 3640 GiG 11 21 06.852 +03 14 05.15 11.89 11.36 10.44     ~ 291 3
50 NGC 3642 LIN 11 22 17.9010437568 +59 04 28.275641436   14.86 14.04     ~ 220 0
51 NGC 3718 Sy2 11 32 34.8571790688 +53 04 04.520222040   11.35 10.61     ~ 408 1
52 NGC 3884 LIN 11 46 12.1809231456 +20 23 29.919085584   13.79 12.88 12.61   ~ 183 0
53 NGC 3945 GiG 11 53 13.6081388304 +60 40 32.125024704   11.6       ~ 265 0
54 NGC 3982 Sy2 11 56 28.1445516072 +55 07 30.859586652   12.20 11.70 11.18   ~ 588 1
55 NGC 3998 Sy2 11 57 56.1334044408 +55 27 12.922443432   11.64 12.10 10.09   ~ 682 2
56 NGC 4026 GiP 11 59 25.0914676128 +50 57 41.951225700   12.17       ~ 290 0
57 NGC 4036 LIN 12 01 26.7603659808 +61 53 44.625848784   12.18 11.20     ~ 282 0
58 NGC 4041 SyG 12 02 12.2376697152 +62 08 14.096124312   11.6       ~ 270 1
59 NGC 4051 Sy1 12 03 09.6101337312 +44 31 52.682601288   11.08 12.92 9.94   ~ 2270 1
60 NGC 4102 Sy2 12 06 23.11513 +52 42 39.4160   11.8       ~ 449 1
61 NGC 4111 LIN 12 07 03.1334091672 +43 03 56.345868252 12.07 11.63 10.74     ~ 350 1
62 NGC 4138 Sy2 12 09 29.8011417048 +43 41 06.864140004 12.46 12.29 11.32 10.82   ~ 436 1
63 NGC 4143 LIN 12 09 36.0679174440 +42 32 03.031963368   13.04 12.08     ~ 251 0
64 NGC 4203 LIN 12 15 05.0549203560 +33 11 50.383965120   12.98 11.99     ~ 514 2
65 NGC 4245 GiG 12 17 36.7836585312 +29 36 28.898544204   12.4       ~ 192 0
66 M 99 H2G 12 18 49.625 +14 24 59.36 10.45 10.44 9.87     ~ 1004 2
67 M 106 Sy2 12 18 57.620 +47 18 13.39   9.14 8.41 8.11   ~ 2512 4
68 NGC 4261 LIN 12 19 23.2160630 +05 49 29.700024   13.92 12.87     ~ 1290 0
69 NGC 4274 LIN 12 19 50.5930710456 +29 36 53.238538764 11.78 11.34 10.41     ~ 263 1
70 NGC 4278 LIN 12 20 06.8242 +29 16 50.722 11.54 11.09 10.16     ~ 988 2
71 NGC 4291 GiG 12 20 17.699 +75 22 15.47   17.0       ~ 321 1
72 NGC 4293 LIN 12 21 12.891 +18 22 56.64   11.6       ~ 311 2
73 NGC 4365 GiG 12 24 28.228 +07 19 03.07   11.5       ~ 871 0
74 NGC 4371 GiG 12 24 55.4333579760 +11 42 15.144247584 12.35 11.79 10.81     ~ 345 1
75 M 84 Sy2 12 25 03.74333 +12 53 13.1393 12.67 12.09 10.49     ~ 1841 2
76 NGC 4379 GiG 12 25 14.7458757864 +15 36 26.755074576 13.05 12.63 11.72     ~ 239 1
77 NGC 4380 BLL 12 25 22.178 +10 01 00.14   13.4       ~ 275 0
78 M 85 GiP 12 25 24.053 +18 11 27.89   10.2       ~ 678 0
79 NGC 4388 Sy2 12 25 46.820 +12 39 43.45 11.91 11.76 11.02     ~ 1433 2
80 NGC 4394 GiP 12 25 55.6366312872 +18 12 50.110707636   11.9       ~ 379 0
81 NGC 4405 H2G 12 26 07.1372151528 +16 10 51.581577504   13.03       ~ 169 1
82 M 86 GiG 12 26 11.814 +12 56 45.49 10.32 9.83 8.90   7.50 ~ 1126 1
83 NGC 4448 H2G 12 28 15.428 +28 37 13.08   11.9       ~ 207 0
84 NGC 4450 LIN 12 28 29.5910654016 +17 05 05.976112020   10.90 10.08     ~ 587 2
85 NGC 4469 GiG 12 29 27.997 +08 45 00.63   12.6       ~ 180 0
86 NGC 4477 Sy2 12 30 02.1955766304 +13 38 11.543715888 11.98 11.38 10.42     ~ 419 2
87 NAME Virgo Cluster ClG 12 30 47.8 +12 23 07           ~ 7107 0
88 M 87 AGN 12 30 49.42338414 +12 23 28.0436859 10.16 9.59 8.63   7.49 ~ 7815 3
89 NGC 4486A GiG 12 30 57.7095721176 +12 16 13.316512872   11.2 11.59 12.02   ~ 242 1
90 M 88 Sy2 12 31 59.1525062448 +14 25 13.148971824   14.33 13.18     ~ 843 1
91 NGC 4526 GiC 12 34 03.02853 +07 41 56.9040   10.6       ~ 707 0
92 NGC 4550 GiP 12 35 30.5913588048 +12 13 14.921166792 12.97 12.56 11.68     ~ 558 1
93 NGC 4559 H2G 12 35 57.6402869976 +27 57 35.859278160   10.46 10.01     ~ 667 1
94 NGC 4567 H2G 12 36 32.6979947472 +11 15 28.716262668 12.25 12.06 11.31     ~ 339 2
95 NGC 4570 GiG 12 36 53.3828233728 +07 14 47.697174852   11.8       ~ 342 0
96 NGC 4589 LIN 12 37 24.9947272593 +74 11 30.861224110   12.0       ~ 300 1
97 NGC 4578 GiG 12 37 30.5571349752 +09 33 18.241180344   12.9       ~ 297 0
98 M 58 Sy2 12 37 43.59747 +11 49 05.1240 10.80 10.48 9.66     ~ 1140 2
99 NGC 4612 GiG 12 41 32.7539216616 +07 18 53.535354804   11.90       ~ 228 1
100 M 59 GiG 12 42 02.2581375168 +11 38 48.909507756   11.0       ~ 721 0
101 NGC 4636 LIN 12 42 49.8333280080 +02 41 15.951929028   12.62 11.84     ~ 1156 1
102 NGC 4639 Sy1 12 42 52.3785000336 +13 15 26.706153600   13.62 12.72     ~ 642 0
103 M 60 GiC 12 43 39.9708251934 +11 33 09.688174067   10.3       ~ 1395 1
104 NGC 4651 LIN 12 43 42.6376070448 +16 23 36.002649300   11.30 10.92 10.42 9.84 ~ 537 0
105 NGC 4654 H2G 12 43 56.638 +13 07 34.86   11.8       ~ 600 1
106 NGC 4694 AGN 12 48 15.091 +10 59 01.05   13.93 13.36     ~ 302 0
107 NGC 4698 Sy2 12 48 22.9082830584 +08 29 14.667552276   13.24 12.27     ~ 507 0
108 NGC 4772 LIN 12 53 29.1636448512 +02 10 06.146331708 12.29 11.96 11.04     ~ 265 1
109 NGC 4800 GiG 12 54 37.7814061056 +46 31 52.276624140   12.0       ~ 159 0
110 NGC 4845 Sy2 12 58 01.24153 +01 34 32.0880   17.40 16.31     ~ 259 1
111 NGC 5033 Sy2 13 13 27.535 +36 35 37.14   11.01 12.03 9.73   ~ 909 1
112 NGC 5077 rG 13 19 31.66962921 -12 39 25.0765176   13.87 12.85 11.30   ~ 312 1
113 NGC 5248 G 13 37 32.0145074088 +08 53 06.496982448   11.4       ~ 554 0
114 NGC 5273 Sy1 13 42 08.3801616672 +35 39 15.467518836   14.01 13.12     ~ 510 0
115 NGC 5308 GiP 13 47 00.4361008824 +60 58 23.334066588   12.5       ~ 217 0
116 NGC 5377 AGN 13 56 16.6722507720 +47 14 08.568249072   12.39 11.46 10.87 10.25 ~ 244 1
117 NGC 5383 EmG 13 57 04.9709727768 +41 50 46.419238680   12.5   10.95   ~ 353 0
118 NGC 5548 Sy1 14 17 59.5400291832 +25 08 12.603122268   14.35 13.73     ~ 2895 0
119 NGC 5566 AG? 14 20 19.94760 +03 56 00.9240 11.91 11.46 10.55     ~ 193 2
120 NGC 5806 Sy2 15 00 00.4088018736 +01 53 28.779594792   12.40 11.70 10.94 11.6 ~ 305 1
121 NGC 5985 SyG 15 39 37.0545742176 +59 19 55.216886664   15.24 14.22     ~ 267 0
122 NGC 6217 AGN 16 32 39.2100852960 +78 11 53.487076092   14.37 13.88     ~ 320 0
123 NGC 6340 GiP 17 10 24.8346254376 +72 18 15.919996608   11.87 11.01     ~ 197 1
124 NGC 6412 GiG 17 29 37.522 +75 42 15.59   12.40       ~ 155 0
125 NGC 6500 LIN 17 55 59.78218885 +18 20 17.6673590   13.43 12.54     ~ 232 1
126 NGC 6951 Sy2 20 37 14.1228088488 +66 06 20.049916392   11.64 10.65     ~ 553 2
127 NGC 7217 LIN 22 07 52.3984675584 +31 21 33.632293572   12.94 11.92     ~ 511 0
128 NGC 7457 AG? 23 00 59.9263288440 +30 08 41.764398792   11.04 11.87     ~ 459 0
129 NGC 7479 Sy2 23 04 56.6432243448 +12 19 22.357387020 11.74 11.60 10.85 10.47 9.66 ~ 783 2
130 NGC 7619 GiG 23 20 14.524 +08 12 22.63   12.7       ~ 472 0
131 NGC 7743 Sy2 23 44 21.1607807112 +09 56 02.970989664   14.19 13.28     ~ 334 0

To bookmark this query, right click on this link: simbad:objects in 2007ApJ...655..718S and select 'bookmark this link' or equivalent in the popup menu