2008ApJ...675.1375L

Query : 2008ApJ...675.1375L

2008ApJ...675.1375L - Astrophys. J., 675, 1375-1406 (2008/March-2)

The disk population of the Chamaeleon I star-forming region.

LUHMAN K.L., ALLEN L.E., ALLEN P.R., GUTERMUTH R.A., HARTMANN L., MAMAJEK E.E., MEGEATH S.T., MYERS P.C. and FAZIO G.G.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present a census of circumstellar disks in the Chamaeleon I star-forming region. Using the Infrared Array Camera and the Multiband Imaging Photometer on board the Spitzer Space Telescope, we have obtained images of Chamaeleon I at 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, 8.0, and 24 µm. To search for new disk-bearing members of the cluster, we have performed spectroscopy on objects that have red colors in these data. Through this work, we have discovered four new members of Chamaeleon I with spectral types of M4, M6, M7.5, and L0. The first three objects are highly embedded (AJ∼5) and reside near known protostars, indicating that they may be among the youngest low-mass sources in the cluster (τ<1 Myr). The L0 source is the coolest known member of Chamaeleon I. Its luminosity implies a mass of 0.004-0.01 M☉, making it the least massive brown dwarf for which a circumstellar disk has been reliably detected. To characterize the disk population in Chamaeleon I, we have classified the infrared spectral energy distributions of the 203 known members that are encompassed by the Spitzer images. Through these classifications, we find that the disk fraction in Chamaeleon I is roughly constant at ∼50% from 0.01 to 0.3 M☉. These data are similar to the disk fraction of IC 348, which is a denser cluster at the same age as Chamaeleon I. However, the disk fraction at M≳1 M☉ is significantly higher in Chamaeleon I than in IC 348 (65% vs. 20%), indicating longer disk lifetimes in Chamaeleon I for this mass range. Thus, low-density star-forming regions like Chamaeleon I may offer more time for planet formation around solar-type stars than denser clusters.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): Accretion, Accretion Disks - Stars: Planetary Systems: Protoplanetary Disks - Stars: Formation - Stars: Low-Mass, Brown Dwarfs - Stars: Pre-Main-Sequence

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/675/1375): table4.dat table5.dat table6.dat table7.dat>

Nomenclature: Tables 4-7: [L2007b] Cha JHHMMSSss+DDMMSSs N=17 added. Table 11: [FLG2003] eps Cha NN (Nos 13-21) added.

Simbad objects: 89

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Number of rows : 89
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NAME Perseus Cloud SFR 03 35.0 +31 13           ~ 1553 0
2 IC 348 OpC 03 44 31.1 +32 10 02           ~ 1476 1
3 V* GG Tau Or* 04 32 30.3506925552 +17 31 40.494063144 14.84 14.78 13.40 11.54   M0e+M2.0e 793 1
4 NAME Taurus Complex SFR 04 41.0 +25 52           ~ 4971 0
5 NAME sig Ori Cluster OpC 05 38 42 -02 36.0           ~ 623 0
6 NGC 2362 OpC 07 18 41.9 -24 57 08           ~ 428 0
7 Cl Mamajek 1 OpC 08 42 32.9 -78 57 47           ~ 392 0
8 V* CS Cha Or* 11 02 24.8763629208 -77 33 35.667131796   12.88 11.69   10.123 K2Ve 261 0
9 Hn 1 Or* 11 02 32.6050296696 -77 29 13.031436624         13.10 M3+M5 52 0
10 [LES2004] ChaI 424 LM* 11 02 53.74920 -77 22 56.1468           M8.5 6 0
11 ISO-ChaI 13 NIR 11 02 55.792 -77 24 30.41         18.09 ~ 6 0
12 Hn 3 Or* 11 03 56.8213107528 -77 21 32.974510752   17.05 15.44 15.03 12.57 M4IIIe 39 0
13 CHSM 1715 Or* 11 04 04.2481004976 -76 39 32.945559912     19.84     M4.5e 30 0
14 CHSM 1982 Or* 11 04 10.6083227760 -76 12 49.054255776           M6e 20 0
15 CHXR 14N Or* 11 04 51.0231828624 -76 25 24.079917972   15.98 14.13   11.89 K4Ve 33 0
16 CHXR 14S Or* 11 04 52.8621800208 -76 25 51.534522084   16.51 14.66   12.05 K8Ve 32 0
17 CHXR 15 Or* 11 05 42.8800288464 -77 26 51.567587304         13.51 M5+M5 39 0
18 HD 96675 Or* 11 05 57.8105960448 -76 07 48.884316960   7.82 7.68   8.48 B5V 88 0
19 Ass Cha T 2-21 TT* 11 06 15.3471261840 -77 21 56.720362608   12.58 11.01   9.35 G5Ve 144 0
20 CHXR 73B LM* 11 06 28.49 -77 37 34.2           M9.5+ 34 0
21 CHXR 73 Or* 11 06 28.7641341696 -77 37 33.140151012         15.78 M3e 55 1
22 CHSM 7869 LM* 11 06 32.7605799336 -76 25 21.066840084         16.83 M6e 24 0
23 V* UX Cha Or* 11 06 45.0944158128 -77 27 02.383275420     14.78   12.07 K5Ve 66 0
24 IRAS 11051-7706 Y*O 11 06 46.025 -77 22 29.67           ~ 101 0
25 [PMG2001] NIR 76 Y*? 11 06 46.580 -77 22 32.56           ~ 58 0
26 NAME Cha 1 MoC 11 06 48 -77 18.0           ~ 1266 1
27 CHXR 74 TT* 11 06 57.3114166800 -77 42 10.639632780         13.66 M3Ve 55 0
28 IRAS 11057-7706 Y*O 11 07 09.19896 -77 23 04.9920           ~ 64 0
29 Hn 6 Or* 11 07 11.4551582832 -77 46 39.344493324         13.31 M3e 45 0
30 CHSM 9484 Or* 11 07 11.8067087880 -76 25 50.015887680         16.07 M5e 32 0
31 [CCE98] 1-46 Or* 11 07 13.2923530152 -77 43 49.768078224         14.77 M3.5e 55 0
32 CHXR 76 Or* 11 07 35.1774430800 -77 34 49.286652024   20.04 18.15   14.39 M4e 58 0
33 CHXR 26 Y*O 11 07 36.869 -77 33 33.52         15.18 M3.5e 27 0
34 2MASS J11074656-7615174 Or* 11 07 46.5862114680 -76 15 17.398121508         16.84 M5.75e 34 0
35 RX J1108.2-7728 Y*O 11 07 55.775088 -77 27 25.52724   15.26 13.40 13.07 11.04 K3Ve 59 0
36 V* HM Cha Or* 11 07 57.2800691640 -77 17 26.241455868       20.9 17.14 M0.75-M1.75 42 0
37 CHXR 30A Or* 11 07 59.9497969992 -77 17 30.576549264   21.8   18.3 15.78 K8 36 0
38 [AKS95b] RX J1108.8-7519a TT* 11 08 49.73 -75 19 41.6           ~ 9 0
39 V* PU Car TT* 11 08 53.6905436304 -75 21 36.001367136   15.487 14.275 14.560   M1Ve 40 0
40 V* HR Cha Or* 11 08 54.1972860288 -77 32 11.656356468     19.1   15.01 M5.25e 48 0
41 CHX 13 X 11 08 55.7 -76 35 59           M0 19 0
42 HJM C 1-15 Or* 11 09 13.8188326128 -76 28 39.682556400         13.91 M4Ve 37 0
43 [CCE98] 1-74 TT* 11 09 17.6942588064 -76 27 57.926988648   15.48 13.92   11.72 K4Ve 51 0
44 V* HU Cha Or* 11 09 18.12888 -76 30 29.2500         14.99 M1/2e 57 0
45 CHX 15b Or* 11 09 40.0612946232 -76 28 39.236612160   15.68 14.04   11.66 K8Ve 43 0
46 HJM C 1-24 TT* 11 09 46.1881553592 -76 34 46.503994080   11.93 18.41   14.72 M3.25e 71 1
47 2MASS J11095262-7740348 Or* 11 09 52.5595099848 -77 40 34.967644824     21.47     M3e 17 0
48 [PMK99] IR Cha INa4 Y*O 11 10 03.368 -76 33 11.13           M4: 17 0
49 HJM C 1-4 Or* 11 10 03.6830951520 -76 33 29.218685616     18.78 16.1 14.72 K8e 69 0
50 OTS 44 Y*O 11 10 09.34392 -76 32 17.8512           M9.5+ 70 0
51 CHXX 16 LM* 11 10 22.2523149192 -76 25 13.841167332         16.58 M8.0 42 0
52 HJM C 6-2 Or* 11 10 28.5085562328 -77 16 59.595145932     17.93   13.97 M3Ve 44 0
53 Glass Q Or* 11 10 37.8987149352 -77 32 39.881630256   16.89 14.97   11.90 K5.5+K7 84 0
54 HJM C 2-5 Or* 11 10 55.9782007344 -76 45 32.646407688         13.95 M6e 54 0
55 HJM E 1-7 Or* 11 11 34.7528117136 -76 36 21.247478892   16.35 14.73   12.35 K8Ve 42 0
56 CHX 18N TT* 11 11 46.3370290776 -76 20 08.948823324   13.27 11.96   10.37 K5IVe 93 1
57 Hn 15 Y*O 11 11 54.024360 -76 19 30.93132   16.02 14.37 13.98 11.88 M2.5+M3.5 27 1
58 HJM E 1-10 Or* 11 12 03.2811346896 -76 37 03.242420508         13.97 M5.5e 40 0
59 HJM E 4-3 Or* 11 12 42.1036824000 -76 58 40.108452312   14.74 13.29 12.98   K5Ve 40 0
60 HJM E 1-8 TT* 11 12 42.9828272280 -76 37 04.868196276         10.95 K3Ve 42 0
61 HJM E 2-9 Or* 11 12 48.6110100768 -76 47 06.614161764         13.66 M4e 35 0
62 Hn 18 Or* 11 13 24.4522663344 -76 29 22.868165508         13.51 M4Ve 53 0
63 HJM E 1-4 Or* 11 13 27.3678427440 -76 34 16.632434316   15.96 14.35   12.10 K8Ve 32 0
64 CHXR 60 X 11 13 28.0 -76 29 10           M4.25 21 0
65 Hn 19 Or* 11 13 29.6961323352 -76 29 01.376928888         13.42 M4Ve 38 0
66 Hn 20 Or* 11 14 15.5356101936 -76 27 36.568161144         13.24 M4Ve 32 0
67 Hn 21W Or* 11 14 24.5192431416 -77 33 06.402087756     18.20   14.24 M4e 46 0
68 Hn 21E Or* 11 14 26.1069192168 -77 33 04.437695880     20.7   15.47 M6e 21 0
69 CHXR 68B * 11 18 19.5922248768 -76 22 01.435194084   16.46 14.80     M2e 17 0
70 CHXR 68A Or* 11 18 20.2726799448 -76 21 57.719374992   14.22 12.75 12.51 10.96 K4Ve 24 0
71 IRAS F11171-7919 Y*O 11 18 35.821080 -79 35 54.93624   16.49 15.06 14.99 12.22 M4.75 24 0
72 RX J1123.2-7924 TT* 11 22 55.6421746920 -79 24 44.005377168     13.72     M1.5 20 0
73 2MASS J11291261-7546263 TT* 11 29 12.6349452648 -75 46 26.416175772     12.91     K3Ve 28 0
74 [FLG2003] eps Cha 15 Y*O 11 33 49.2946836408 -76 18 40.057349184         14.08 M4.5 9 0
75 [FLG2003] eps Cha 16 Y*O 11 40 49.6774997040 -74 59 39.248385108         15.02 M5.75 13 0
76 [FLG2003] eps Cha 17 Y*O 11 43 26.6961432072 -78 04 45.492325392         13.33 M5 28 0
77 V* DZ Cha TT* 11 49 31.8528592968 -78 51 01.062617652   14.330 12.766 12.511 10.732 M0Ve 82 0
78 RX J1150.4-7704 TT* 11 50 28.2998335776 -77 04 38.269946136     12.0   10.54 K4 24 0
79 NAME Chamaeleon Region SFR 11 55 -78.0           ~ 887 0
80 [FLG2003] eps Cha 20 TT* 11 58 26.8127478312 -77 54 45.267517728   15.85 14.29     M3Ve 25 0
81 V* DW Cha Or* 11 58 28.1662230312 -77 54 29.563860420   11.63 10.502   9.011 K4Ve 49 1
82 NAME eps Cha Association OpC 11 59 51 -78 12.4           ~ 188 0
83 V* DX Cha Ae* 12 00 05.0868602544 -78 11 34.565724312   6.81 6.60     A4V 365 0
84 NAME Cha II MoC 12 54 -77.2           ~ 361 0
85 NAME Lupus Complex SFR 16 03 -38.1           ~ 851 0
86 NAME Upper Sco Association As* 16 12 -23.4           ~ 1586 1
87 NAME Serpens Cloud SFR 18 29 49 +01 14.8           ~ 1195 1
88 IC 1396 OpC 21 38 51.4 +57 31 52           ~ 523 1
89 NGC 7160 OpC 21 53 44.8 +62 35 33   6.34 6.1     ~ 243 0

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