2008ApJ...676..427A

Query : 2008ApJ...676..427A

2008ApJ...676..427A - Astrophys. J., 676, 427-463 (2008/March-3)

The Spitzer c2d survey of large, nearby, interstellar clouds. X. The Chamaeleon II Pre-Main-Sequence population as observed with IRAC and MIPS.

ALCALA J.M., SPEZZI L., CHAPMAN N., EVANS II N.J., HUARD T.L., JORGENSEN J.K., MERIN B., STAPELFELDT K.R., COVINO E., FRASCA A., GANDOLFI D. and OLIVEIRA I.

Abstract (from CDS):

We discuss the results from the combined IRAC and MIPS c2d Spitzer Legacy survey observations and complementary optical and NIR data of the Chamaeleon II (Cha II) dark cloud. We perform a census of the young population in an area of ∼1.75 deg2 and study the spatial distribution and properties of the cloud members and candidate pre-main-sequence (PMS) objects and their circumstellar matter. Our census is complete down to the substellar regime (M~0.03 M☉). From the analysis of the volume density of the PMS objects and candidates we find two groups of objects with volume densities higher than 25 M☉/pc3 and 5-10 members each. A multiplicity fraction of about 13%±3% is observed for objects with separations 0.8"<θ<6.0" (142-1065 AU). No evidence for variability between the two epochs of the c2d IRAC data set, Δt∼6 hr, is detected. We estimate a star formation efficiency of 1%-4%, consistent with the estimates for Taurus and Lupus, but lower than for Cha I. This might mean that different star formation activities in the Chamaeleon clouds reflect a different history of star formation. We also find that Cha II is turning some 6-7 M☉ into stars every Myr, which is low in comparison with the star formation rate in other c2d clouds. The disk fraction of 70%-80% that we estimate in Cha II is much higher than in other star-forming regions and indicates that the population in this cloud is dominated by objects with active accretion. Finally, the Cha II outflows are discussed; a new Herbig-Haro outflow, HH 939, driven by the classical T Tauri star Sz 50, has been discovered.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): Stars: Circumstellar Matter - Infrared: Stars - Stars: Planetary Systems: Protoplanetary Disks - Stars: Formation - Stars: Low-Mass, Brown Dwarfs - Stars: Pre-Main-Sequence

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/676/427): table1.dat table2.dat table3.dat table4.dat table5.dat refs.dat>

Nomenclature: Table 1: [ASC2008] NN (Nos 1-63).

CDS comments: IRAS F12514-7641 misprint for IRAS F12514-7631, CHIIXR 60 misprint for ??

Simbad objects: 90

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Number of rows : 90
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NAME Perseus Cloud SFR 03 35.0 +31 13           ~ 1553 0
2 IC 348 OpC 03 44 31.1 +32 10 02           ~ 1476 1
3 NAME Taurus Complex SFR 04 41.0 +25 52           ~ 4971 0
4 NAME Cha 1 MoC 11 06 48 -77 18.0           ~ 1266 1
5 NAME Chamaeleon Region SFR 11 55 -78.0           ~ 887 0
6 IRAS 12340-7958 LP* 12 37 39.7408011816 -80 15 13.707391932   16.11 14.39 13.63 9.81 ~ 108 0
7 NAME Cha III MoC 12 37.8 -80 15           ~ 147 2
8 V* AX Cha Mi* 12 45 06.2856573984 -77 20 13.642917324           M2.5 14 0
9 IRAS 12448-7650 LP? 12 48 25.7049616224 -77 06 36.747495432   17.25 15.14 14.33   M0.5 19 0
10 LEDA 239204 G 12 48 58.5333303768 -76 41 54.229195500   19.27   16.96   ~ 7 0
11 IRAS Z12488-7658 LP* 12 52 30.6218360736 -77 15 13.123459980           M5.5 13 0
12 V* DK Cha TT* 12 53 17.2111480272 -77 07 10.736046012           F0e 149 0
13 2MASS J12533665-7706394 Y*? 12 53 36.6468178392 -77 06 39.510208008       22.22 19.35 M6 4 0
14 NAME Cha II MoC 12 54 -77.2           ~ 361 0
15 2MASS J12533890-7715532 Y*O 12 53 38.9146387776 -77 15 53.247287808           M1.5 12 1
16 2MASS J12534285-7715114 Y*O 12 53 42.856 -77 15 11.48           M6.5 23 0
17 [PWA92] 9 * 12 55 05.5 -76 57 42           ~ 2 1
18 HH 52 HH 12 55 06.4 -76 57 46           ~ 38 0
19 HH 53 HH 12 55 06.4 -76 57 46           ~ 36 0
20 IRAS C12515-7641 IR 12 55.2 -76 57           ~ 8 1
21 2MASS J12552576-7700465 Y*? 12 55 25.7478310392 -77 00 46.696978080           M1 5 0
22 HH 54 HH 12 55 49.5 -76 56 08           ~ 119 0
23 SSTc2d J125552.5-765616 Y*O 12 55 52.70 -76 56 16.0           ~ 15 0
24 2MASS J12560549-7654106 Y*O 12 56 05.4881804952 -76 54 10.868637456           ~ 5 0
25 UCAC3 27-35004 Or* 12 56 33.6498681600 -76 45 45.520705728   17.66 16.19 14.61 13.16 M1 34 1
26 Sz 47 Y*O 12 56 58.6633997016 -76 47 06.861163092   14.5       ~ 20 0
27 IRAS 12535-7623 Y*O 12 57 11.6949853032 -76 40 11.291754000   17.20 15.00     M0e 45 0
28 NAME Cha J1257-7701 Y*O 12 57 58.70 -77 01 19.5         22.61 M9 9 0
29 2MASS J12580676-7709094 Y*O 12 58 06.6784743816 -77 09 09.650462868         19.61 M6 22 0
30 2MASS J12583674-7704065 Y*? 12 58 36.6569965752 -77 04 06.698050068       22.45 19.32 M9 4 0
31 2MASS J12585614-7630104 Y*O 12 58 56.1408783960 -76 30 10.544207580       16.39 14.38 M5 10 0
32 2MASS J12590656-7707401 Y*O 12 59 06.56 -77 07 40.1           K4.5 51 0
33 2MASS J12590984-7651037 Y*O 12 59 09.8766268200 -76 51 03.756572676           M5.5 16 0
34 2MASS J12591013-7712139 Y*O 12 59 10.1600323896 -77 12 13.864063428           M0 15 0
35 IRAS 12556-7731 LP* 12 59 26.3852196576 -77 47 08.619604404   15.039 13.136 12.748   M5 25 0
36 HH 939 HH 13 00.0 -77 10           ~ 1 0
37 2MASS J13005303-7709478 Y*? 13 00 53.03 -77 09 47.9       22.63 19.64 M9 4 0
38 RX J1300.9-7708B Or* 13 00 53.2360864848 -77 09 09.303222348           ~ 11 0
39 Sz 49 Y*O 13 00 53.2473650928 -76 54 15.206649912   15.6       M0.5 47 0
40 RX J1300.9-7708 Y*O 13 00 53.46120 -77 09 08.6580           M1 23 0
41 RX J1300.9-7708A Or* 13 00 53.5904796360 -77 09 08.405133264   19.17 18.05 16.08 14.32 M0.5 12 0
42 HH 939S HH 13 00 54.92 -77 10 49.0           ~ 1 0
43 2MASS J13005534-7708296 Y*O 13 00 55.3405780272 -77 08 29.630496552       14.93 13.29 M2.5 12 0
44 Sz 50 Y*O 13 00 55.3820751133 -77 10 22.247668674   17.64 16.01     M3 47 0
45 HH 939N HH 13 00 55.92 -77 10 01.0           ~ 1 0
46 ASAS J130056-7653.9 TT* 13 00 56.2347315648 -76 54 02.375615448   13.79 12.35 11.93 10.446 K5 19 0
47 2MASS J13005927-7714027 Y*O 13 00 59.2811230320 -77 14 02.848183656         16.26 ~ 27 0
48 Sz 51 Or* 13 01 58.8991295760 -77 51 21.848767020   15.38       K8.5 46 0
49 V* CM Cha TT* 13 02 13.5244979592 -76 37 57.818696016   14.70 13.40     K7IVe 49 0
50 2MASS J13022287-7734494 Y*O 13 02 22.8483923232 -77 34 49.479406140           M5 21 0
51 IRAS 12589-7646 Y*O 13 02 47.7032642640 -77 02 39.973174116       13.75 9.98 M4 17 0
52 2MASS J13030444-7707027 TT* 13 03 04.4591495760 -77 07 02.759053872     13.23     M0 16 1
53 2MASS J13030905-7755596 Y*O 13 03 09.0555653520 -77 55 59.569205808           M4.5 13 0
54 2MASS J13031616-7629381 Y*? 13 03 16.1644556256 -76 29 38.139787680       16.42 14.41 M7 9 0
55 Hn 22 Y*O 13 04 22.8528353784 -76 50 05.477354844           M2e 20 0
56 IRAS 13005-7633 mul 13 04 23.96 -76 50 02.0           ~ 13 0
57 Hn 23 Y*O 13 04 24.1091476992 -76 50 01.203848088           K7e 27 0
58 Sz 52 Y*O 13 04 24.8675032320 -77 52 30.280923336   17.7     14.66 M2.5 30 0
59 Hn 24 Y*O 13 04 55.7191411392 -77 39 49.222352340           M0 34 0
60 Hn 25 Y*O 13 05 08.5232959920 -77 33 42.630661188           M2.5 26 0
61 Sz 53 Or* 13 05 12.6752612232 -77 30 52.566390396   17.85 16.59     M1 35 0
62 Hen 3-854 Or* 13 05 20.6574078672 -77 39 01.506188880   13.88 12.40     K5 49 0
63 2MASS J13052169-7738102 Y*O 13 05 21.6550009440 -77 38 10.259255184           ~ 16 0
64 SSTc2d J130529.0-774140 Y*O 13 05 29.04 -77 41 40.1           ~ 11 0
65 NAME Cha J1305-7739 BD* 13 05 40.80 -77 39 58.2         22.16 L1 7 0
66 Sz 55 Or* 13 06 30.5147352624 -77 34 00.166145700   18.90 17.49     M2 23 0
67 Sz 56 Or* 13 06 38.7881087232 -77 30 35.274308688   18.53 17.08     M4 26 0
68 Sandqvist 160 DNe 13 06.9 -77 01           ~ 42 0
69 Sz 57 Or* 13 06 56.5765655088 -77 23 09.640416696   19.56 17.70     M5 23 0
70 Sz 58 Em* 13 06 57.4252298184 -77 23 41.593041672   17.89 16.01     K5 37 0
71 V* BK Cha Or* 13 07 09.247848 -77 30 30.56004   16.11 14.58 14.41   K7 35 0
72 2MASS J13071806-7740529 Y*O 13 07 18.0439003536 -77 40 53.043429684         16.18 M4.5 23 0
73 NAME Sz 60W Or* 13 07 22.3510937688 -77 37 22.664073396   17.35 15.77 15.96 13.45 M1e 14 0
74 Sz 60 Y*O 13 07 22.760 -77 37 22.89           ~ 17 0
75 NAME Sz 60E Or* 13 07 23.3754539424 -77 37 23.233614528   18.16 16.80 16.13 13.60 M4e 12 0
76 PSCz Q13036-7644 Y*O 13 07 36.89 -77 00 09.7           ~ 41 1
77 Hn 26 Y*O 13 07 48.4988968944 -77 41 21.572667204           M2 26 0
78 V* BM Cha Or* 13 08 06.2695235808 -77 55 05.329818156   16.77 14.60     K5 61 0
79 2MASS J13082714-7743232 Y*O 13 08 27.1778458152 -77 43 23.297498148         16.55 M4.5 23 0
80 CHIIXR 37 Y*O 13 09 09.6 -77 09 52           ~ 6 1
81 2MASS J13090987-7709437 Y*O 13 09 09.9088695936 -77 09 43.801176816       15.37 14.04 M0.5 15 0
82 2MASS J13091071-7709443 Y*O 13 09 10.71600 -77 09 44.3628       13.47 12.42 M1.5 8 0
83 Sz 62 Y*O 13 09 50.36808 -77 57 24.0228   16.99 15.55 14.838   M2.5 33 0
84 Sz 63 Y*O 13 10 04.1819222640 -77 10 44.849941680   15.2       M3 23 0
85 2MASS J13125238-7739182 Y*O 13 12 52.38 -77 39 18.3           M4.5 7 0
86 Sz 64 Y*O 13 14 03.7124279328 -77 53 07.576738116   16.3       M5 21 0
87 NAME Lupus Complex SFR 16 03 -38.1           ~ 851 0
88 ELAIS N1 reg 16 10 01 +54 30.6           ~ 489 0
89 NAME Ophiuchus Molecular Cloud SFR 16 28 06 -24 32.5           ~ 3969 1
90 NAME Serpens Cloud SFR 18 29 49 +01 14.8           ~ 1195 1

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