2008ApJ...682..416O

We report the results of the mid-infrared spectroscopy of 14 Galactic star-forming regions with the high-resolution modules of the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) on board the Spitzer Space Telescope. We detected [Si II] 35 µm, [Fe II] 26 µm, and [Fe III] 23 µm, as well as [S III] 33 µm and H₂S(0) 28 µm emission lines. Using the intensity of [N II] 122 µm or 205 µm and [O I] 146 µm or 63 µm reported by previous observations in four regions, we derived the ionic abundances of Si⁺/N⁺ and Fe⁺/N⁺ in the ionized gas and Si⁺/O⁰ and Fe⁺/O⁰ in the photodissociation gas. For all the targets, we derived the ionic abundances of Si⁺/S²⁺ and Fe²⁺/S²⁺ for the ionized gas. Based on photodissociation and H II region models the gas-phase Si and Fe abundance are suggested to be 3%-100% and <8% of the solar abundance, respectively, for the ionized gas and 16%-100% and 2%-22% of the solar abundance, respectively, for the photodissociation region gas. Since the [Fe II] 26 µm and [Fe III] 23 µm emissions are weak, the high sensitivity of the IRS enables us to derive the gas-phase Fe abundance widely in star-forming regions. The derived gas-phase Si abundance is much larger than that in cool interstellar clouds and that of Fe. The present study indicates that 3%-100% of Si atoms and <22% of Fe atoms are included in dust grains which are destroyed easily in H II regions, probably by the UV radiation. We discuss possible mechanisms to account for the observed trend: mantles which are photodesorbed by UV photons, organometallic complexes, or small grains.