2009ApJ...704.1570G

Query : 2009ApJ...704.1570G

2009ApJ...704.1570G - Astrophys. J., 704, 1570-1585 (2009/October-3)

Fitting LINER nuclei within the active galactic nucleus family: a matter of obscuration?

GONZALEZ-MARTIN O., MASEGOSA J., MARQUEZ I. and GUAINAZZI M.

Abstract (from CDS):

In this paper, we study the nuclear obscuration of galaxies hosting low ionization narrow emission regions (LINERs) based on their X-ray and optical emission. They show column densities at soft energies (0.5-2 keV) mostly related to the diffuse emission around the active galactic nucleus (AGN), showing a correlation with the optical extinction. Column densities at hard energies (2-10 keV) seem to be much higher than what would be expected from the optical extinction. They might be associated with the inner regions of the AGN, buried at optical wavelengths. The main result of this paper is that around 50% of our LINER sample shows signatures of Compton-thickness according to the most common tracers: the X-ray spectral index, ratio, and FeKα equivalent width (EW). However, the EWs of the Compton-thick LINERs are significantly lower than in the Compton-thick Seyferts (≃200 eV against ≥500 eV), suggesting that the 2-10 keV emission is dominated by electron scattering of the otherwise invisible AGN, or by emission from shocked gas associated with star formation rather than by reflection from the inner wall of the torus. However, no clear relation seems to exist between galaxies with optical dust lanes and X-ray classified Compton-thick objects. This may suggest that Compton-thick sources should be related to absorbing material located at the very inner regions of the AGN, maybe in the putative dusty torus. Larger black hole masses and lower Eddington ratios than Seyfert galaxies have been found. This effect can be better attributed to LINER nuclei being hosted by earlier morphological types than Seyfert nuclei. However, it has to be noted that, once a proper correction to the X-ray luminosity is applied, LINERs show Eddington ratios overlapping those of type 2 Seyferts. We speculate with a possible scenario for LINER nuclei: an inner obscuring matter similar to that of type 2 Seyfert, and an external obscuring matter responsible for the optical extinction. Compton-thick sources appear to be more common among LINERs than Seyferts.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: active - galaxies: nuclei - galaxies: Seyfert - X-rays: galaxies

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/704/1570): table1.dat>

Simbad objects: 86

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Number of rows : 86
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 IRAS 00182-7112 Sy2 00 20 34.72104 -70 55 26.2488     20.6     ~ 143 0
2 NGC 315 LIN 00 57 48.88334410 +30 21 08.8119345 12.80 12.20 11.16 11.26   ~ 869 2
3 NGC 410 GiG 01 10 58.9016492712 +33 09 07.053878052 13.08 12.52 11.48     ~ 163 2
4 NGC 474 GiP 01 20 06.6870520512 +03 24 55.861973100 12.75 12.37 11.51 11.42 10.56 ~ 371 1
5 NGC 524 GiP 01 24 47.7429545736 +09 32 20.089023900   11.5       ~ 494 1
6 ZW III 35 Sy2 01 44 30.516 +17 06 09.18   15.24 14.81     ~ 261 1
7 NGC 833 Sy2 02 09 20.8490871072 -10 07 59.003785884   14.02 13.00 12.75   ~ 207 0
8 NGC 835 Sy2 02 09 24.606 -10 08 09.31   13.29 12.45 12.24   ~ 226 1
9 NGC 1052 Bla 02 41 04.79849989 -08 15 20.7519527 11.84 11.41 10.47 10.71   ~ 1397 2
10 NGC 1097 LIN 02 46 19.059 -30 16 29.68 10.46 9.97 9.48 8.72 9.8 ~ 1448 3
11 NGC 2639 Sy2 08 43 38.0682469032 +50 12 19.942091604 12.90 12.56 11.65     ~ 451 2
12 NGC 2681 LIN 08 53 32.7183058512 +51 18 49.159212120 11.40 11.09 10.29     ~ 332 1
13 NGC 2685 Sy2 08 55 34.7027817000 +58 44 03.876540108   13.68 12.70     ~ 459 1
14 NGC 2655 Sy2 08 55 37.731 +78 13 23.10   12.03 11.08     ~ 318 2
15 UGC 4881 IG 09 15 55.5 +44 19 58   14.9       ~ 178 0
16 MCG-02-24-007 LIN 09 18 05.66848602 -12 05 43.8060823   14.38 14.8     ~ 1077 1
17 NGC 2787 LIN 09 19 18.6046606656 +69 12 11.630716128   12.92 11.79     ~ 381 0
18 NGC 2841 LIN 09 22 02.6778711696 +50 58 35.737082868 10.43 10.09 9.22     ~ 1113 1
19 Z 289-11 Sy2 09 35 51.6045544584 +61 21 11.589382368   15.20 15.50     ~ 617 2
20 NGC 3185 Sy2 10 17 38.5650471192 +21 41 17.573817228   12.99 12.17 12.37   ~ 308 1
21 NGC 3226 rG 10 23 27.0064075320 +19 53 54.674937420   14.32 13.33     ~ 440 1
22 NGC 3245 LIN 10 27 18.3864983136 +28 30 26.621599932   11.6       ~ 372 0
23 M 105 LIN 10 47 49.600 +12 34 53.87   10.56 9.76 9.12 8.18 ~ 1504 0
24 NGC 3414 GiC 10 51 16.2099174408 +27 58 30.297624852   12.1       ~ 353 0
25 NGC 3507 AGN 11 03 25.3619733360 +18 08 07.607343732   11.4       ~ 211 0
26 NGC 3607 Sy2 11 16 54.65687 +18 03 06.5120   13.84 12.76     ~ 490 1
27 NGC 3608 LIN 11 16 58.967 +18 08 54.71   11.7       ~ 527 0
28 M 65 GiP 11 18 55.9084654776 +13 05 32.300703672   9.6       ~ 458 1
29 M 66 AGN 11 20 15.0 +12 59 29 9.85 9.65 8.92     ~ 1509 4
30 NGC 3628 LIN 11 20 17.018 +13 35 22.16   10.42 9.48 9.22   ~ 853 3
31 NGC 3690B GiP 11 28 31.02 +58 33 40.7   11.8       ~ 635 4
32 NGC 3898 LIN 11 49 15.370 +56 05 03.66   11.7       ~ 329 1
33 NGC 3945 GiG 11 53 13.6081388304 +60 40 32.125024704   11.6       ~ 265 0
34 NGC 3998 Sy2 11 57 56.1334044408 +55 27 12.922443432   11.64 12.10 10.09   ~ 682 2
35 NGC 4036 LIN 12 01 26.7603659808 +61 53 44.625848784   12.18 11.20     ~ 282 0
36 NGC 4111 LIN 12 07 03.1334091672 +43 03 56.345868252 12.07 11.63 10.74     ~ 350 1
37 NGC 4125 GiP 12 08 06.017 +65 10 26.88 11.14 10.65 9.72     ~ 448 2
38 IRAS 12112+0305 PaG 12 13 45.98880 +02 48 39.9600           ~ 373 0
39 [CGM90] IRAS 12112+0305 NE rG 12 13 46.10735 +02 48 41.4959           ~ 369 0
40 NGC 4261 LIN 12 19 23.2160630 +05 49 29.700024   13.92 12.87     ~ 1290 0
41 NGC 4278 LIN 12 20 06.8242 +29 16 50.722 11.54 11.09 10.16     ~ 988 2
42 NGC 4314 LIN 12 22 32.0223000912 +29 53 43.814812200 11.72 11.43 10.58     ~ 494 1
43 M 100 AGN 12 22 54.9299993592 +15 49 20.296257960 10.04 10.05 9.35     ~ 1963 2
44 M 84 Sy2 12 25 03.74333 +12 53 13.1393 12.67 12.09 10.49     ~ 1841 2
45 NGC 4410 LIN 12 26 28.2946646976 +09 01 11.500520016   13.6 13.20     ~ 119 1
46 NGC 4438 LIN 12 27 45.6705493536 +13 00 31.708096380 11.37 11.02 10.17     ~ 668 2
47 NGC 4457 LIN 12 28 59.0252479200 +03 34 14.215556928   11.9       ~ 342 0
48 NGC 4459 H2G 12 29 00.0329905416 +13 58 42.826603332   11.6       ~ 567 0
49 M 87 AGN 12 30 49.42338414 +12 23 28.0436859 10.16 9.59 8.63   7.49 ~ 7815 3
50 NGC 4494 GiP 12 31 24.0391348536 +25 46 30.071664120   10.55 9.74     ~ 491 0
51 M 89 Sy2 12 35 39.80733343 +12 33 22.8308657 11.29 10.73 9.75     ~ 1037 2
52 NGC 4589 LIN 12 37 24.9947272593 +74 11 30.861224110   12.0       ~ 300 1
53 M 58 Sy2 12 37 43.59747 +11 49 05.1240 10.80 10.48 9.66     ~ 1140 2
54 NGC 4596 GiP 12 39 55.9544722920 +10 10 34.185047628   12.4       ~ 387 0
55 M 104 LIN 12 39 59.43185902 -11 37 22.9961800 9.51 9.55 8.00 8.05   ~ 1465 2
56 NGC 4636 LIN 12 42 49.8333280080 +02 41 15.951929028   12.62 11.84     ~ 1156 1
57 NGC 4676A AGN 12 46 10.05987 +30 43 54.6380           ~ 286 2
58 NGC 4676B AGN 12 46 11.2495347624 +30 43 21.856578924   14.1       ~ 127 1
59 NGC 4698 Sy2 12 48 22.9082830584 +08 29 14.667552276   13.24 12.27     ~ 507 0
60 NGC 4696 rG 12 48 49.2724775784 -41 18 39.304053252   11.21   10.7   ~ 510 3
61 M 94 SyG 12 50 53.0737971432 +41 07 12.900884628 9.15 8.96 8.24 7.78   ~ 1476 2
62 NGC 5005 LIN 13 10 56.312 +37 03 32.19   14.67 13.67     ~ 567 2
63 M 63 LIN 13 15 49.2741893928 +42 01 45.728076108   9.34 8.59 8.35   ~ 1292 2
64 NGC 5256A Sy2 13 38 17.7814755960 +48 16 41.113184700   15.0       ~ 53 0
65 Z 271-60 Sy2 13 44 42.1883001099 +55 53 13.596220922   15.68 14.91     ~ 958 3
66 Z 162-10 LIN 13 48 52.4892734448 +26 35 34.353002688   14.0       ~ 241 2
67 NGC 5363 rG 13 56 07.24367 +05 15 16.9200 12.59 12.12 10.51     ~ 235 1
68 NGC 5494 EmG 14 12 24.1841884992 -30 38 38.410742580   12.64 12.02 11.36 11.6 ~ 58 0
69 IC 4395 Sy2 14 17 21.083 +26 51 26.46   15.1       ~ 104 0
70 LEDA 52270 Sy1 14 37 38.2867288488 -15 00 24.087592692   16.58 16.40     ~ 300 2
71 NGC 5746 GiP 14 44 56.005 +01 57 17.06   12.3       ~ 375 0
72 NGC 5813 LIN 15 01 11.2302420864 +01 42 07.141569696 12.00 11.45 10.46 10.06   ~ 673 2
73 NGC 5838 GiG 15 05 26.2447857696 +02 05 57.349108392   12.1   10.26   ~ 252 0
74 NGC 5846 rG 15 06 29.253 +01 36 20.29   11.9   9.74   ~ 891 2
75 M 102 SyG 15 06 29.561 +55 45 47.91 11.12 10.74 9.89     ~ 578 2
76 Z 221-50 SyG 15 18 06.1187 +42 44 45.086   15.0 15     ~ 239 1
77 NGC 6251 Bla 16 32 31.96989253 +82 32 16.3999044 15.24 14.66 12.89 7.62   ~ 772 1
78 NGC 6240 Sy2 16 52 58.9 +02 24 03   14.31 13.37     ~ 1734 2
79 LEDA 60189 LIN 17 23 21.96264 -00 17 00.8088   15.1       ~ 454 0
80 NGC 6482 GiG 17 51 48.8339247888 +23 04 18.889271112 12.71 12.35 11.45     ~ 220 1
81 NGC 7130 Sy2 21 48 19.5412287192 -34 57 04.492024884   12.86 13.87 11.57   ~ 483 1
82 NGC 7285 AG? 22 28 38.00 -24 50 26.8   12.82   11.54   ~ 39 0
83 NGC 7331 LIN 22 37 04.0506038088 +34 24 56.800076508 10.65 10.35 9.48     ~ 1284 2
84 IC 1459 rG 22 57 10.60682195 -36 27 43.9966421   10.96 11.85 9.34 10.3 ~ 652 2
85 LEDA 71390 Sy1 23 25 19.72968960 -12 07 27.0814800   15.45 15.46     ~ 185 2
86 NGC 7743 Sy2 23 44 21.1607807112 +09 56 02.970989664   14.19 13.28     ~ 334 0

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