2009ApJ...706..516P

Query : 2009ApJ...706..516P

2009ApJ...706..516P - Astrophys. J., 706, 516-524 (2009/November-3)

The fundamental gas depletion and stellar-mass buildup times of star-forming galaxies.

PFLAMM-ALTENBURG J. and KROUPA P.

Abstract (from CDS):

Stars do not form continuously distributed over star-forming galaxies. They form in star clusters of different masses. This nature of clustered star formation is taken into account in the theory of the integrated galactic stellar initial mass function (IGIMF) in which the galaxy-wide initial mass function (IMF) on galaxy-wide scales is calculated by adding all IMFs of young star clusters. For massive stars, the IGIMF is steeper than the universal IMF in star clusters and steepens with decreasing star formation rate (SFR) which is called the IGIMF effect. The current SFR and the total Hα luminosity of galaxies therefore scale nonlinearly in the IGIMF theory compared to the classical case in which the galaxy-wide IMF is assumed to be constant and identical to the IMF in star clusters. Here we apply for the first time the revised SFR-L_Hα relation on a sample of local volume star-forming galaxies with measured Hα luminosities. The fundamental results are: (1) the SFRs of galaxies scale linearly with the total galaxy neutral gas mass, (2) the gas depletion timescales of dwarf irregular and large disk galaxies are about 3 Gyr, implying that dwarf galaxies do not have lower star formation efficiencies than large disk galaxies, and (3) the stellar-mass buildup times of dwarf and large galaxies are only in agreement with downsizing in the IGIMF context, but contradict downsizing within the traditional framework that assumes a constant galaxy-wide IMF.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): cosmology: observations - galaxies: evolution - galaxies: fundamental parameters - stars: formation

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/706/516): table1.dat>

Simbad objects: 200

Full paper

View the references in ADS

Number of rows : 200

N	Identifier	Otype	ICRS (J2000) RA	ICRS (J2000) DEC	Mag U	Mag B	Mag V	Mag R	Mag I	Sp type	#ref 1850 - 2026	#notes
1	UGC 12894	G	00 00 22.55	+39 29 43.5		17				~	36	0
2	[CFC97] Sc 18	G	00 00 55.9	-41 08 58						~	10	0
3	MCG-03-01-015	G	00 01 57.9	-15 27 50		11.50	11.10	10.93		~	782	2
4	NGC 55	rG	00 14 53.602	-39 11 47.86	8.54	8.58	7.87	7.84		~	828	2
5	NGC 59	EmG	00 15 25.126	-21 26 39.68	14.01	13.21	12.59	12.31		~	111	0
6	Z 434-1	AG?	00 20 05.20	+10 52 48.0		15.6				~	87	1
7	IC 10	rG	00 20 17.33520	+59 18 13.6480		13.6	9.5			~	1185	1
8	NGC 100	LSB	00 24 02.837	+16 29 11.00		14.6				~	139	0
9	UGC 290	AG?	00 29 08.37	+15 53 56.8		18				~	54	0
10	ESO 473-24	AG?	00 31 22.51	-22 45 57.5		16.11		15.87	17.7	~	62	1
11	APMUKS (BJ) B003411.16-325055.7	G	00 36 38.0	-32 34 28						~	14	0
12	M 31	AGN	00 42 44.330	+41 16 07.50	4.86	4.36	3.44			~	13622	1
13	IC 1574	AG?	00 43 03.82	-22 14 48.8	15.25	14.73	14.35	14.24	14.2	~	137	1
14	MCG-04-03-019	G	00 49 49.3	-21 00 58	16.11	15.64	15.36	14.8	15.5	~	144	1
15	NAME SMC	G	00 52 38.0	-72 48 01		2.79	2.2			~	12317	1
16	NAME Scl Group	GrG	01 00 06	-33 44.2						~	526	0
17	Z 410-23	LSB	01 01 25.171	+07 37 33.57		15.7				~	84	0
18	IC 1613	GiC	01 04 48.4071	+02 07 10.185		10.42	10.01	9.77		~	1316	2
19	Z 458-20	AG?	01 07 23.0321	+16 41 00.988	15.01	14.55	14.07			~	148	0
20	Z 436-33	AG?	01 21 18.90	+12 24 43.0	15.36	14.82	14.36	12.87		~	112	0
21	Z 460-6	AG?	01 32 42.5190557016	+18 19 01.514434548	15.03	14.56	14.13	13.89		~	101	0
22	M 33	GiG	01 33 50.8965749232	+30 39 36.630403128	6.17	6.27	5.72			~	6226	1
23	NGC 625	AGN	01 35 04.632	-41 26 10.32	12.37	11.78	11.25	11.03	11.5	~	312	2
24	[CFC97] Sc 42	G	01 39 14.5	-47 17 58						~	5	0
25	UGC 1175	LSB	01 39 56.45832	+11 05 49.8336		17				~	32	0
26	MCG-07-04-032	AG?	01 45 03.74	-43 35 52.9	13.45	12.92	12.63	12.51	12.8	~	152	1
27	Z 503-26	LSB	01 49 31.71	+32 35 16.2		13.0				~	171	0
28	NGC 784	LSB	02 01 16.932	+28 50 14.13	12.97	12.50	12.07	11.83		~	212	0
29	Z 504-86	GiG	02 27 49.7635	+31 43 30.264		15.4		14.2		~	42	0
30	Z 505-6	GiG	02 33 18.20	+33 29 28.0		14.9		13.59		~	91	0
31	MCG+00-08-035	AG?	02 51 52.690	-01 10 22.14		14.0		13.8	14.9	~	74	0
32	MCG-04-08-051	GiG	03 13 40.44	-25 11 17.1		13.82		12.88	13.6	~	63	0
33	UGC 2603	AG?	03 19 18.18	+81 20 44.6		17				~	19	0
34	UGCA 92	AG?	04 32 03.8366	+63 36 51.243		16.15				~	128	0
35	NAME LMC	G	05 23 34.6	-69 45 22			0.4			~	19090	0
36	MCG+13-05-007a	AG?	05 56 35.98	+75 19 01.9		17				~	89	0
37	LEDA 95594	G	05 59 40.4	+73 25 40		17.1				~	46	0
38	LEDA 95597	LSB	06 47 45.6	+80 07 27		16.4				~	74	0
39	MCG+09-12-027	AG?	07 04 50.94	+56 31 13.8		16.0				~	39	0
40	UGC 3672	AG?	07 06 27.336	+30 19 23.61		17				~	43	0
41	NGC 2366	H2G	07 28 52.4529	+69 12 38.859	12.25	11.86	11.39	11.33		~	801	0
42	UGCA 133	G	07 34 11.5	+66 52 47	16.40	15.48	14.80	14.76		~	93	0
43	NGC 2403	AGN	07 36 51.3381434280	+65 36 09.650825640	9.31	8.84	8.38	8.19		~	1887	1
44	Z 178-8	AG?	07 57 25.948	+35 56 22.05		15.5				~	33	0
45	MCG+10-12-046	AG?	07 58 54.20	+58 02 33.0		16.0				~	52	0
46	UGC 4305	IG	08 19 04.9864630512	+70 43 13.086910452	12.06	11.72	11.39	11.11		~	812	2
47	NGC 2552	EmG	08 19 20.5355420472	+50 00 34.590204468	13.44	13.00	12.56			~	284	1
48	NAME M 81 Dwarf A	G	08 23 55.1	+71 01 56		16.5				~	209	1
49	Z 311-8	GiG	08 34 07.20	+66 10 54.0	15.39	15.03	14.70	14.49		~	357	2
50	Z 331-51	GiG	08 37 03.00	+69 46 31.0	15.70	15.46	14.98	14.89		~	316	0
51	Z 332-57	LSB	09 40 32.33	+71 10 56.0	14.53	14.00	13.66	13.41		~	372	1
52	Z 7-25	Sy1	09 44 01.8742171440	-00 38 31.993352700		15.5				~	89	0
53	Z 7-26	GiP	09 44 07.203	-00 39 30.11		14.9		14.68	15.3	~	42	0
54	NAME F8D1	G	09 44 47.1	+67 26 19		14.60	13.85			~	80	0
55	NAME F6D1	GiG	09 45 10.0	+68 45 54		17.5				~	53	0
56	NGC 2976	GiG	09 47 15.458	+67 54 58.97	11.77	11.03	10.16	9.51		~	712	1
57	NAME F12D1	G	09 50 10.0	+67 30 24		15.6				~	58	1
58	UGC 5288	PaG	09 51 17.241	+07 49 32.05	15.07	14.65	14.18	13.99		~	95	0
59	LEDA 28529	G	09 53 48.8	+68 58 09		18.89				~	97	1
60	NAME M 81-82 Group	GrG	09 55	+69.1						~	758	0
61	M 81	Sy2	09 55 33.1726556496	+69 03 55.062505368		7.89	6.94			~	4725	3
62	M 82	AGN	09 55 52.430	+69 40 46.93	9.61	9.30	8.41			~	6156	6
63	LEDA 28731	G	09 57 02.7	+68 35 30		15.17				~	119	1
64	NAME Arp Loop	G	09 57 29.0	+69 16 20						~	71	1
65	MCG+12-10-012	AG?	09 57 32.8632	+69 02 50.735	15.19	15.15	14.10	14.12		~	327	4
66	Z 153-10	G	09 59 26.46	+30 44 47.0	14.08	13.54	13.26	13.33		~	652	0
67	Z 36-12	H2G	10 00 00.8217342072	+05 20 09.533389560	12.77	12.25	11.89	11.71		~	569	0
68	LEDA 2807133	GiG	10 00 16.0	+63 11 05						~	40	1
69	NGC 3109	AG?	10 03 06.877	-26 09 34.46	11.10	10.42	10.04	9.91		~	825	2
70	NGC 3077	GiP	10 03 19.0965510921	+68 44 01.556166166	11.23	10.85	10.14	9.74		~	808	0
71	NAME Garland	G	10 03 43.1	+68 41 32						~	69	2
72	NGC 3104	AG?	10 03 57.185	+40 45 41.43		14.2				~	142	0
73	LEDA 29231	G	10 04 40.3	+68 15 20		17.43	16.72			~	77	0
74	Z 153-14	AG?	10 04 40.949	+29 21 51.54		15.2				~	75	0
75	UGC 5428	AG?	10 05 06.40	+66 33 32.0	17.89	16.82	16.09	15.73		~	113	1
76	Z 333-17	LSB	10 05 30.45024	+70 21 51.4253	15.95	15.56	15.09	14.87		~	214	1
77	UGC 5442	AG?	10 07 01.90	+67 49 39.0	17.09	15.73	15.07	14.81		~	95	1
78	NAME IKN	G	10 08 05.9	+68 23 57						~	82	0
79	MCG-01-26-030	H2G	10 11 00.5	-04 41 30	12.48	12.13	11.93	11.78		~	789	2
80	UGC 5571	AG?	10 19 42.159	+52 03 57.83		17				~	42	0
81	HIJASS J1021+68	G	10 21 00.2	+68 42 00						~	26	0
82	LEDA 4689216	GiG	10 21 25.2	+71 06 58						~	62	0
83	DDO 78	G	10 26 27.9	+67 39 24		15.8				~	88	1
84	Z 124-26	LSB	10 28 21.105	+22 34 10.93	15.29	14.62	13.98	13.74		~	60	0
85	IC 2574	AG?	10 28 23.6148831408	+68 24 43.440012756	11.70	11.07	10.87	10.74		~	703	1
86	Z 333-35	GiG	10 30 35.03	+70 37 07.2	14.81	13.69	13.01	12.73		~	140	0
87	NGC 3274	EmG	10 32 17.2253817864	+27 40 07.165226244		13.30		12.77		~	261	0
88	LEDA 31286	G	10 34 31.9	+66 00 42		16.7				~	52	1
89	NGC 3344	EmG	10 43 31.150	+24 55 19.99	10.38	10.54	9.86	9.71		~	434	1
90	MCG+11-13-039	GiG	10 49 36.412	+65 32 01.07	15.55	15.27	14.79	14.55		~	170	0
91	LEDA 32667	LSB	10 52 55.1	+69 32 46		17.2				~	88	1
92	Z 351-62	bCG	11 27 59.90	+78 59 39.0		14.50				~	346	1
93	Z 242-46	bCG	11 33 29.12	+49 14 17.4	14.69	14.61	14.25	14.17		~	242	1
94	NGC 3738	AGN	11 35 48.982	+54 31 24.70		12.12	12.04	11.56		~	303	0
95	NGC 3741	AG?	11 36 05.754	+45 17 02.96	15.01	14.55	14.23	14.06		~	237	0
96	LEDA 166115	G	11 47 11.965	+43 40 18.79		17.5				~	44	1
97	Z 214-32	AG?	11 50 52.98254	+38 52 50.6594		13.72	13.9	13.39		~	175	0
98	LEDA 2832100	GiC	11 58 44.097	+27 35 06.03						~	27	0
99	NGC 4068	AG?	12 04 03.265	+52 35 26.05		13.29		12.77		~	189	0
100	Z 187-15	LSB	12 09 56.466	+36 26 03.34		15.5				~	44	0
101	NGC 4144	GiG	12 09 58.601	+46 27 25.85		12.17		11.50		~	260	0
102	NGC 4163	LSB	12 12 09.34	+36 10 08.1	14.33	13.70	13.2	12.98		~	238	0
103	NGC 4190	LSB	12 13 44.765	+36 38 02.49	13.88	13.40	13.25	12.86		~	224	0
104	Z 315-26	AG?	12 14 08.40	+66 05 41.0		14.60				~	89	1
105	UGCA 276	G	12 14 57.9	+36 13 07	17.66	16.85	16.22	15.92		~	105	1
106	NGC 4228	SBG	12 15 39.174	+36 19 36.80	10.63	10.30	9.93	9.74		~	1017	1
107	Z 269-49	AG?	12 15 46.626	+52 23 13.91		15.3				~	75	0
108	MCG+09-20-137	LSB	12 16 30.415	+52 13 45.40		17				~	81	1
109	NGC 4236	GiG	12 16 42.118	+69 27 45.25	10.97	10.58	10.08	9.90		~	415	1
110	NGC 4244	GiG	12 17 29.659	+37 48 25.60		10.71		9.99		~	582	1
111	M 106	Sy2	12 18 57.620	+47 18 13.39		9.14	8.41	8.11		~	2512	4
112	MCG+08-22-105	LSB	12 19 09.0802283352	+47 05 23.244084960		17				~	62	0
113	IC 3308	LSB	12 25 18.03576	+26 42 51.6168		15.4				~	49	0
114	LEDA 166137	GiC	12 25 28.5	+28 28 56		16.5				~	46	1
115	NGC 4395	Sy2	12 25 48.8633109888	+33 32 48.700168152	10.84	10.54	10.11	9.98		~	1286	1
116	Z 244-18	bCG	12 26 15.69	+48 29 38.3		15.3				~	364	0
117	Z 187-44	GiP	12 27 05.566	+37 08 30.39		14.19		13.55		~	217	0
118	Z 216-4	GiG	12 27 40.90	+43 29 44.0	13.75	13.10	12.7	12.33		~	270	0
119	UGC 7584	BiC	12 28 02.7700008408	+22 35 16.311729408		16.0				~	49	0
120	LEDA 87148	LSB	12 28 04.807	+22 17 24.64		16.19				~	32	0
121	NGC 4449	EmG	12 28 11.118	+44 05 36.81	10.11	9.98	9.64	9.45		~	1192	1
122	Z 187-46	GiP	12 28 28.084	+37 14 05.36		15.6				~	105	0
123	Z 187-47	GiG	12 28 38.743	+35 43 02.91	15.50	15.12	14.86	14.78		~	130	1
124	NGC 4460	H2G	12 28 45.557	+44 51 51.25		12.5				~	147	0
125	MCG+07-26-011	AG?	12 28 52.298	+42 10 40.09		15				~	43	0
126	Z 244-24	GiG	12 29 53.40	+47 31 52.0		14.32		13.44		~	84	0
127	MCG+07-26-012	AG?	12 30 23.574	+42 54 05.76		15				~	40	0
128	NAME CVn I Group	GrG	12 32 48.3	+33 57 07						~	149	0
129	Z 159-13	GiC	12 32 54.5	+31 32 30		13.50		13.03		~	180	0
130	UGCA 290	IG	12 37 21.7	+38 44 28		17				~	75	1
131	NAME CVn I dwA	GiC	12 38 40.06	+32 46 00.5	16.91	16.66	16.73	16.62		~	242	0
132	NGC 4605	GiG	12 39 59.2837284936	+61 36 32.822365392		10.94		10.35		~	347	2
133	NGC 4627	GiG	12 41 59.9679553813	+32 34 24.810713707	13.16	13.06	12.43			~	156	1
134	NGC 4631	GiC	12 42 08.009	+32 32 29.44		9.78	9.19	9.10		~	1154	3
135	IC 3687	GiG	12 42 15.1540831512	+38 30 05.844632940		15.5				~	153	0
136	LEDA 166142	G	12 43 57.791	+43 39 40.36		17				~	32	0
137	MCG+06-28-030	GiC	12 47 00.610	+36 28 37.09		17				~	86	0
138	LEDA 166146	G	12 49 13.3	+35 36 43						~	24	1
139	UGC 7990	GiC	12 50 25.973	+28 21 08.82		17				~	35	0
140	M 94	SyG	12 50 53.0737971432	+41 07 12.900884628	9.15	8.96	8.24	7.78		~	1476	2
141	NGC 4789A	GiC	12 54 05.248	+27 08 58.67	14.37	14.23	13.95	13.84		~	614	1
142	M 64	SyG	12 56 43.696	+21 40 57.57		9.36	8.52			~	1010	2
143	Z 71-87	H2G	12 58 40.1930636208	+14 13 00.739589628	15.24	15.16	14.98	14.81		~	475	0
144	IC 4182	BiC	13 05 48.7478324064	+37 36 12.965157684		11.86		11.40		~	344	1
145	Z 316-9	AG?	13 06 24.85	+67 42 25.0	14.08	13.61	13.08	12.98		~	268	1
146	MCG+08-24-048	AG?	13 08 03.552	+46 49 40.02		17				~	79	0
147	NGC 5023	EmG	13 12 11.8036148808	+44 02 17.328663600		13.2				~	265	0
148	MCG+08-24-090	AG?	13 13 22.839	+46 19 21.71		17				~	135	1
149	Z 245-36	AG?	13 14 27.997	+45 55 11.14	13.63	13.26	13.02	12.81		~	297	0
150	Z 245-38	AG?	13 15 29.753	+47 29 58.69		15.6				~	114	1
151	NGC 5204	LSB	13 29 36.508	+58 25 07.43		11.84		11.37		~	494	0
152	M 51	Sy2	13 29 52.698	+47 11 42.93		9.26	8.36	8.40		~	4565	4
153	NGC 5195	GiG	13 29 59.590	+47 15 58.06	10.76	10.45	9.55	9.31		~	816	3
154	Z 271-48	EmG	13 30 44.8682655624	+54 54 38.522749824	14.72	14.25	13.90	13.75		~	218	0
155	NGC 5229	LSB	13 34 02.831	+47 54 55.68		14.6				~	149	0
156	NGC 5238	GiP	13 34 42.5146948080	+51 36 49.168365696		14.2				~	143	0
157	Z 131-18	EmG	13 39 19.348	+24 46 27.77	15.21	14.84	14.46	14.29		~	94	0
158	MCG+05-32-059	GiC	13 39 48.513	+31 17 36.23		16.814				~	28	0
159	Z 218-34	AG?	13 39 53.75	+40 44 25.3	15.37	14.56	14.20	14.10		~	165	0
160	Z 190-66	AG?	13 50 51.3127548768	+38 01 14.958828876	15.56	14.78		14.33		~	161	0
161	Z 272-13	AG?	13 54 45.602	+53 54 20.06		14.2				~	219	0
162	MCG+06-31-023	AG?	13 54 48.8114	+35 50 07.775		16.5		15.20		~	123	1
163	MCG+09-23-020	LSB	13 57 14.6983598016	+54 06 03.171260340		16.0				~	28	0
164	M 101	GiP	14 03 12.583	+54 20 55.50		8.46	7.86	7.76		~	3138	2
165	NGC 5474	GiP	14 05 01.608	+53 39 43.95		11.28	10.79			~	475	1
166	NGC 5477	AG?	14 05 33.318	+54 27 37.85	13.94	14.36	14.01			~	224	1
167	LEDA 166185	G	14 07 10.1	+35 03 37		16.9	17.2			~	94	0
168	LEDA 50911	G	14 15 08.593	+57 05 30.99		16.5				~	35	0
169	Z 133-19	AG?	14 15 57.0834	+23 03 29.871	15.40	14.77	14.41	14.32		~	296	0
170	NGC 5585	GiG	14 19 48.204	+56 43 44.58		11.73	11.216	11.12	10.123	~	455	0
171	Z 247-23	AG?	14 22 32.1696941112	+45 23 01.932649116		15.7				~	78	0
172	NGC 5608	AG?	14 23 18.734	+41 46 36.60		13.96		13.23		~	81	0
173	Z 247-26	AG?	14 24 43.21	+44 31 41.8	14.24	13.54	13.17	13.07		~	217	0
174	MCG+10-21-013	AG?	14 35 24.077	+57 15 21.24		17				~	91	0
175	UGC 9500	AG?	14 45 21.50	+07 51 46.0		18				~	44	0
176	Z 319-21	AG?	15 41 47.85	+67 15 15.3	15.71	15.22	14.81	14.44		~	93	0
177	Z 366-23	AG?	15 43 55.701	+81 48 34.70		14.9				~	43	0
178	LEDA 2801026	LSB	16 13 47.504	+54 22 08.25			15.9			~	115	0
179	Z 251-4	AG?	16 16 17.9000468088	+47 02 43.128874644		14.9				~	151	0
180	Z 167-70	AG?	16 21 27.960	+28 38 20.37		14.9				~	33	0
181	Z 168-21	SBG	16 33 47.1783414768	+28 59 01.521191184		13.30	13.96			~	140	1
182	UGC 10669	G	17 00 26.36	+70 17 27.4		17				~	25	0
183	UGC 10792	AG?	17 14 01.259	+75 12 07.60		17				~	19	0
184	Z 82-19	AG?	17 19 50.99	+14 24 00.6		15.30				~	39	0
185	MCG+11-22-001	AG?	17 46 29.4682	+67 20 26.209		17				~	21	0
186	NAME Sgr dIG	G	19 29 59.0	-17 40 41		15.5	13.6			~	323	1
187	NGC 6822	G	19 44 56.199	-14 47 51.29		18	8.1			~	1661	0
188	MCG-02-53-003	G	20 46 51.7	-12 50 54	15.75	15.18	14.83	14.46		~	470	1
189	NGC 7077	AG?	21 29 59.634	+02 24 51.75	14.05	14.25	13.67	13.23	12.86	~	106	0
190	Z 402-10	AG?	21 38 09.70	+08 57 41.0		15.3				~	42	0
191	MCG+03-56-018	AG?	22 12 00.76	+17 54 09.6		16.0				~	28	0
192	MCG-01-57-019	AG?	22 39 08.5247	-04 45 37.429		15.0		15.1	14.8	~	49	0
193	MCG+05-53-019	AG?	22 50 30.2654507664	+29 08 19.524600636		16.0				~	42	0
194	Mrk 324	AG?	23 26 32.783	+18 16 00.07		15.5				~	66	0
195	MCG-06-51-005	GiG	23 26 56.21	-37 20 48.9	14.90	14.69	14.35	14.19	14.2	~	74	0
196	Z 431-72	G	23 28 35.2	+14 44 35	13.85	13.16	12.52			~	499	1
197	Z 497-44	AG?	23 38 14.758	+30 42 33.24		15.1				~	57	0
198	MCG-05-56-001	G	23 43 45.549	-31 57 24.37	14.55	14.03	13.73	13.63		~	162	1
199	ESO 348-9	AG?	23 49 23.4984	-37 46 25.536		14.6		14.7	14.4	~	60	0
200	NAME Local Group	GrG	~	~						~	9325	0

To bookmark this query, right click on this link: simbad:objects in 2009ApJ...706..516P and select 'bookmark this link' or equivalent in the popup menu