2009ApJS..181..486H

Query : 2009ApJS..181..486H

2009ApJS..181..486H - Astrophys. J., Suppl. Ser., 181, 486-532 (2009/April-0)

Dissipation and extra light in galactic nuclei. III. "Core" ellipticals and "missing" light.

HOPKINS P.F., LAUER T.R., COX T.J., HERNQUIST L. and KORMENDY J.

Abstract (from CDS):

We investigate how "extra" or "excess" central light in the surface brightness profiles of cusp or power-law elliptical galaxies relates to the profiles of ellipticals with cores. The envelopes of cusp ellipticals are established by violent relaxation in mergers acting on stars present in gas-rich progenitor disks, while their centers are structured by the relics of dissipational, compact starbursts. Ellipticals with cores are formed by the subsequent merging of the now gas-poor cusp ellipticals, with the fossil starburst components combining to preserve a dense, compact component in these galaxies as well (although mixing of stars smooths the transition from the outer to inner components in the profiles). By comparing extensive hydrodynamical simulations to observed profiles spanning a broad mass range, we show how to observationally isolate and characterize the relic starburst component in core ellipticals. Our method recovers the younger starburst population, demonstrating that these dense concentrations survive spheroid-spheroid mergers and reflect the degree of dissipation in the initial mergers that formed the penultimate galaxy progenitors. The degree of dissipation in the mergers that produced the cusp ellipticals is a strong function of stellar mass, roughly tracing the observed gas fractions of disks of the same mass over redshifts z ∼ 0-2. The strength of this component strongly correlates with effective radius at fixed mass: systems with more dissipation are more compact, sufficient to explain the discrepancy in the maximum phase-space densities of ellipticals and their progenitor spirals. The survival of this component together with scattering of stars into the envelope in re-mergers naturally explain the high-Sersic index profile shapes characteristic of very massive core ellipticals. This is also closely related to the kinematics and isophotal shapes: only systems with matched starburst components from their profile fits also reproduce the observed kinematics of boxy/core ellipticals. The final "core-scouring" phase of core formation occurs when a black hole binary formed in the merger scatters stars out of the innermost regions of the extra-light component. It is therefore critical to adopt a physically motivated profile decomposition that accounts for the fossil starburst component when attempting to quantify scouring. We show that estimates of the scoured mass that employ single-component forms fitted to the entire galaxy profile can be strongly biased.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): cosmology: theory - galaxies: active - galaxies: evolution - quasars: general

Simbad objects: 164

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Number of rows : 164
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 MCG+03-01-037 GiC 00 18 10.5566259744 +18 17 31.942221036   16.0       ~ 24 0
2 IC 1565 BiC 00 39 26.2834752624 +06 44 03.262118424   14.41       ~ 56 2
3 ACO 76 ClG 00 40 16.1031 +06 52 46.226           ~ 138 2
4 ACO 119 ClG 00 56 08.57 -01 12 00.8           ~ 577 2
5 Z 384-34 BiC 00 56 16.101 -01 15 19.77   14.40 14.45     ~ 82 1
6 ACO 2877 ClG 01 09 49.3 -45 54 02           ~ 160 2
7 IC 1633 rG 01 09 55.5490585560 -45 55 52.102562844   12.23       ~ 93 3
8 ACO 168 ClG 01 15 07.58 +00 19 10.8           ~ 379 2
9 NGC 507 rG 01 23 39.950 +33 15 22.22   13.0       ~ 459 1
10 ACO 193 ClG 01 25 07.3 +08 41 36           ~ 192 0
11 IC 1695 rG 01 25 07.645 +08 41 57.68   14.87       ~ 68 1
12 NGC 545 BiC 01 25 59.12 -01 20 24.8   13.21 13.34     ~ 142 2
13 ACO 194 ClG 01 26 01.3 -01 22 02           ~ 363 2
14 IC 115 Sy1 01 26 54.4300162320 +19 12 52.190971380   15.2       ~ 76 1
15 ACO 195 ClG 01 26 54.5 +19 12 42           ~ 83 0
16 NGC 584 Sy2 01 31 20.7231919800 -06 52 04.770287472 11.93 11.44 10.48     ~ 417 2
17 IC 1733 BiC 01 50 42.901 +33 04 55.19   14.7       ~ 46 0
18 ACO 260 ClG 01 50 46.811 +33 04 22.17           ~ 67 0
19 BAX 028.2522-13.7387 ClG 01 53 00.40 -13 44 18.0           ~ 389 0
20 NGC 720 Sy1 01 53 00.523 -13 44 19.25   12.4   10.36   ~ 536 0
21 NGC 741 rG 01 56 23.2 +05 37 35   13.2       ~ 309 2
22 NGC 777 BLL 02 00 14.9065707744 +31 25 45.850721628 13.09 12.49 11.45     ~ 195 2
23 Z 387-27 rG 02 02 17.310 -01 07 40.58   15.7       ~ 49 0
24 ACO 295 ClG 02 02 27 -01 04.6           ~ 67 0
25 NGC 910 BiC 02 25 26.7924474768 +41 49 27.615017352   14.5       ~ 75 1
26 ACO 347 ClG 02 25 50 +41 52.5           ~ 149 1
27 ACO 376 ClG 02 45 48 +36 51.6           B8.5 161 1
28 MCG+06-07-004 BiC 02 46 03.9460542576 +36 54 18.840411612   15.50       ~ 46 1
29 Z 463-35 BiC 02 56 28.763 +15 54 58.16   15.2       ~ 36 0
30 ACO 397 ClG 02 56 58 +15 57.0           ~ 81 0
31 NGC 1316 rG 03 22 41.789 -37 12 29.52 9.81 9.15 8.53 7.66   ~ 1491 1
32 NGC 1374 EmG 03 35 16.5885737352 -35 13 34.563417168 12.46 11.97 11.08 10.59   ~ 322 1
33 2MASX J03370557-5501186 BiC 03 37 05.6158120944 -55 01 18.970258224   16.25       ~ 22 0
34 ACO 3144 ClG 03 37 23.1 -55 06 18           ~ 33 0
35 NGC 1399 rG 03 38 29.083 -35 27 02.67 11.05 9.74 9.59 8.12   ~ 1636 1
36 NGC 1407 rG 03 40 11.904 -18 34 49.36   10.64 9.67 9.13   ~ 613 2
37 NGC 1500 BiC 03 58 13.9953646560 -52 19 41.408202540   14.44       ~ 32 0
38 ACO 3193 ClG 04 00 40.820 -52 44 02.72           ~ 34 0
39 NGC 1600 rG 04 31 39.858 -05 05 09.97   8.9   10.81   ~ 409 1
40 MCG-02-12-039 rG 04 33 37.8465077496 -13 15 42.989961204   13.95 14.22     ~ 104 2
41 ACO 496 ClG 04 33 40.8 -13 14 34           ~ 728 2
42 NGC 1700 EmG 04 56 56.3160873072 -04 51 56.794713228   12   11.14   ~ 356 1
43 2MASX J05010831-2234584 BiC 05 01 08.3042486616 -22 34 58.129827888           ~ 24 0
44 ACO 533 ClG 05 01 30 -22 36.7           ~ 42 0
45 ACO 548 ClG 05 47 01.7 -25 36 59           B8 209 2
46 ACO 3367 ClG 05 49 21 -24 28.1           ~ 34 0
47 MCG-04-14-038 rG 05 49 21.6420464568 -25 20 47.446297152   14.55   13.09   ~ 42 1
48 MCG-07-13-003 BiC 06 00 41.120 -40 02 39.82   14.66   12.93   ~ 48 1
49 ACO 3376 ClG 06 01 25.000 -39 59 51.00           ~ 334 0
50 ACO 3395 ClG 06 27 31.1 -54 23 58           ~ 229 0
51 ESO 161-8 BiC 06 27 36.2649635808 -54 26 57.926377896   15.02   12.72   ~ 37 0
52 NGC 2300 AG? 07 32 20.486 +85 42 31.90   12.2       ~ 346 0
53 ACO 634 ClG 08 14 33 +58 02.9           ~ 99 0
54 Z 287-63 rG 08 15 44.8468202712 +58 19 15.641116212   14.6 14.11     ~ 48 0
55 NGC 2832 LIN 09 19 46.853 +33 44 59.07   13.3 13.17     ~ 274 3
56 ACO 779 ClG 09 20 02.70 +33 45 29.7           ~ 261 0
57 ACO 999 ClG 10 23 22.1 +12 51 48           ~ 91 1
58 Z 65-15 rG 10 23 23.7565983240 +12 50 06.139616784   15.3       ~ 45 1
59 ACO 1016 ClG 10 27.0 +10 59           ~ 82 1
60 IC 613 BiC 10 27 07.7881398072 +11 00 38.643884136   15.1       ~ 48 1
61 M 105 LIN 10 47 49.600 +12 34 53.87   10.56 9.76 9.12 8.18 ~ 1504 0
62 IC 664 LIN 11 00 45.3479033640 +10 33 11.411090352   14.8       ~ 48 0
63 ACO 1142 ClG 11 00 56.74 +10 30 15.2           ~ 157 1
64 NGC 3551 BiC 11 09 44.4516794880 +21 45 32.140238112   14.8       ~ 64 1
65 ACO 1177 ClG 11 09 47.07 +21 46 48.7           ~ 103 1
66 NGC 3607 Sy2 11 16 54.65687 +18 03 06.5120   13.84 12.76     ~ 490 1
67 NGC 3608 LIN 11 16 58.967 +18 08 54.71   11.7       ~ 527 0
68 NGC 3640 GiG 11 21 06.852 +03 14 05.15 11.89 11.36 10.44     ~ 291 3
69 IC 712 rG 11 34 49.2945748128 +49 04 39.576182052   14.8       ~ 92 1
70 ACO 1314 ClG 11 34 53.0 +49 05 18           ~ 234 1
71 NGC 3842 BiC 11 44 02.155 +19 56 59.37 14.22 13.70 11.82 12.04   ~ 308 3
72 ACO 1367 ClG 11 44 44.6 +19 41 59           ~ 1127 1
73 NGC 4168 Sy2 12 12 17.2692381408 +13 12 18.688208724 12.58 12.11 11.18     ~ 393 1
74 NGC 4261 LIN 12 19 23.2160630 +05 49 29.700024   13.92 12.87     ~ 1290 0
75 NAME Virgo W GrG 12 20.0 +05 48   6.3       ~ 89 0
76 NGC 4278 LIN 12 20 06.8242 +29 16 50.722 11.54 11.09 10.16     ~ 988 2
77 NGC 4291 GiG 12 20 17.699 +75 22 15.47   17.0       ~ 321 1
78 NGC 4365 GiG 12 24 28.228 +07 19 03.07   11.5       ~ 871 0
79 M 84 Sy2 12 25 03.74333 +12 53 13.1393 12.67 12.09 10.49     ~ 1841 2
80 M 85 GiP 12 25 24.053 +18 11 27.89   10.2       ~ 678 0
81 M 86 GiG 12 26 11.814 +12 56 45.49 10.32 9.83 8.90   7.50 ~ 1126 1
82 NGC 4459 H2G 12 29 00.0329905416 +13 58 42.826603332   11.6       ~ 567 0
83 M 49 Sy2 12 29 46.8 +08 00 01   13.21 12.17     ~ 2174 2
84 NGC 4473 GiG 12 29 48.878 +13 25 45.55 11.60 11.16 10.20     ~ 671 1
85 NAME Virgo Cluster ClG 12 30 47.8 +12 23 07           ~ 7107 0
86 M 87 AGN 12 30 49.42338414 +12 23 28.0436859 10.16 9.59 8.63   7.49 ~ 7815 3
87 NGC 4489 GiG 12 30 52.2472748976 +16 45 31.866359004   13.2       ~ 264 0
88 M 89 Sy2 12 35 39.80733343 +12 33 22.8308657 11.29 10.73 9.75     ~ 1037 2
89 NGC 4589 LIN 12 37 24.9947272593 +74 11 30.861224110   12.0       ~ 300 1
90 NGC 4636 LIN 12 42 49.8333280080 +02 41 15.951929028   12.62 11.84     ~ 1156 1
91 M 60 GiC 12 43 39.9708251934 +11 33 09.688174067   10.3       ~ 1395 1
92 ACO 3526 ClG 12 48 49.2 -41 18 17           ~ 1154 2
93 NGC 4696 rG 12 48 49.2724775784 -41 18 39.304053252   11.21   10.7   ~ 510 3
94 ACO 1631 ClG 12 52 50.6 -15 25 37           ~ 176 1
95 2MASXI J1253183-153203 BiC 12 53 18.3890577984 -15 32 04.004526732   14.3508921 13.6543922 13.47   ~ 30 0
96 ACO 3528 ClG 12 54 18.2 -29 01 16           ~ 166 1
97 ESO 443-4 rG 12 54 22.2141014424 -29 00 46.515592764   14.53   12.93 13.62 ~ 49 1
98 ACO 3532 ClG 12 57 19.2 -30 22 13           ~ 185 2
99 PKS 1254-300 rG 12 57 21.9653668728 -30 21 49.024048752   15.05   14.20 13.87 ~ 44 1
100 NGC 4874 LIN 12 59 35.7093764280 +27 57 33.293892204 13.01 13.7 12.71 12.27 11.386 ~ 814 3
101 ACO 1656 ClG 12 59 44.40 +27 54 44.9           ~ 5141 2
102 NGC 4889 EmG 13 00 08.097 +27 58 37.29 12.93 13.0 11.30 11.652 10.906 ~ 742 1
103 NGC 5061 Sy2 13 18 05.054 -26 50 14.00   11.18 10.41 9.66 13.59 ~ 181 0
104 ACO 3554 ClG 13 19 30 -33 28.7           ~ 42 0
105 ESO 382-43 BiC 13 19 31.677 -33 29 17.51   15.06   13.51   ~ 25 0
106 ACO 3556 ClG 13 24 06.2 -31 39 38           ~ 159 0
107 MCG-05-32-007 rG 13 24 06.7145431752 -31 40 11.559586800   14.31   12.66 13.17 ~ 45 0
108 MCG-05-32-026 rG 13 27 56.884 -31 29 43.71   13.88 15 12.24 12.76 ~ 88 2
109 ACO 3558 ClG 13 28 03.2 -31 31 35           ~ 476 2
110 ACO 3559 ClG 13 29 53.9 -29 31 29           ~ 74 0
111 ACO 3562 ClG 13 33 31.8 -31 40 23           ~ 337 1
112 ESO 444-72 BiC 13 33 34.739 -31 40 20.16   14.40   12.83 13.42 ~ 53 0
113 ACO 3564 ClG 13 34 22 -35 13.4           ~ 36 0
114 2MASX J13345528-3505576 BiC 13 34 55.3001490024 -35 05 58.029870372   15.68   14.50 13.71 ~ 20 0
115 IC 4296 rG 13 36 39.03253319 -33 57 57.0730368   11.52 12.99 10.00 10.79 ~ 520 2
116 ESO 325-16 Sy2 13 46 23.9893476312 -37 58 15.832084476   14.91   13.48 13.53 ~ 45 1
117 ACO 3570 ClG 13 46 50 -37 55.0           ~ 57 3
118 MCG-05-33-002 rG 13 47 28.385 -32 51 54.02   13.02   11.53 12.50 ~ 67 1
119 ACO 3571 ClG 13 47 32.4 -32 50 12           ~ 308 2
120 NAME IC 4329 Group GrG 13 48 36.4 -30 30 13           ~ 147 2
121 IC 4329 BiC 13 49 05.314 -30 17 45.20   11.96 11.54 10.31   ~ 192 2
122 NGC 5322 SyG 13 49 15.24 +60 11 25.8   11.3       ~ 432 2
123 NGC 5419 rG 14 03 38.7225244848 -33 58 41.881842120   11.77 11.33 10.21 14.44 ~ 208 3
124 NGC 5490 GiG 14 09 57.330 +17 32 43.53   13.4 15.5     ~ 178 1
125 NGC 5557 GiG 14 18 25.708 +36 29 37.28   12.2       ~ 237 0
126 NGC 5576 GiP 14 21 03.691 +03 16 15.78 12.25 11.85 10.96     ~ 347 1
127 NGC 5813 LIN 15 01 11.2302420864 +01 42 07.141569696 12.00 11.45 10.46 10.06   ~ 673 2
128 ACO 2040 ClG 15 12 44.00 +07 27 34.5           ~ 144 1
129 UGC 9767 BiC 15 12 47.4867186264 +07 26 03.876651384   16.0       ~ 44 0
130 ACO 2052 ClG 15 16 41.64 +07 01 45.5           ~ 756 1
131 Z 49-90 Sy2 15 16 44.4893939136 +07 01 17.825410740   15.19 14.17     ~ 463 4
132 NGC 5982 LIN 15 38 39.778 +59 21 21.21   12.4       ~ 302 0
133 ACO 2147 ClG 16 02 11.96 +15 55 11.5           ~ 416 0
134 Z 108-73 rG 16 02 17.0257413888 +15 58 28.670337876   14.9       ~ 95 0
135 ACO 2162 ClG 16 12 30.0 +29 32 23           ~ 149 0
136 NGC 6086 LIN 16 12 35.5357829352 +29 29 05.246712168   14.8       ~ 202 1
137 ACO 2197 ClG 16 27 48.01 +40 58 04.5           ~ 290 0
138 NGC 6166 Sy2 16 28 38.24470063 +39 33 04.2335319   12.78 11.78     ~ 793 2
139 NGC 6173 LIN 16 29 44.8864037664 +40 48 41.890972320   14.0       ~ 180 0
140 NGC 6702 AG? 18 46 57.5835209136 +45 42 20.305242180 15.30 14.73 13.05     ~ 148 0
141 [T87] 1957.2-3840 GrG 19 58 53.9 -38 20 43           ~ 45 2
142 IC 4931 BiC 20 00 50.3794754496 -38 34 30.251737020   12.82   11.26   ~ 52 1
143 ACO 3677 ClG 20 26 21 -33 21.1           ~ 28 0
144 NVSS J202624-332105 rG 20 26 23.8710294024 -33 21 03.405790512   16.06   14.70   ~ 22 0
145 ACO 3716 ClG 20 51 16.7 -52 41 43           ~ 123 1
146 ESO 187-26 BiC 20 51 56.9381236368 -52 37 46.981121304   14.42   12.72   ~ 39 0
147 ACO 3736 ClG 21 03 43.0785 -43 19 33.103           ~ 22 0
148 MCG-07-43-016 BiC 21 05 04.4812113792 -43 25 11.241732288   14.17   12.70   ~ 30 0
149 ACO 3742 ClG 21 06 41 -47 08.9           ~ 45 2
150 ACO 3744 ClG 21 07 13.8 -25 28 54           ~ 80 1
151 MCG-07-43-023 BiC 21 08 39.1366458936 -43 29 10.203615420   14.37   13.04   ~ 41 0
152 ACO 3747 ClG 21 08 41 -43 29.8           ~ 20 0
153 NGC 7052 rG 21 18 33.0441963648 +26 26 49.174586196 15.52 14.85 13.09     ~ 348 1
154 NGC 7385 QSO 22 49 54.58599807 +11 36 30.8455760   14.4 13.01     ~ 183 1
155 IC 1459 rG 22 57 10.60682195 -36 27 43.9966421   10.96 11.85 9.34 10.3 ~ 652 2
156 NGC 7578 BiC 23 17 13.5451937976 +18 42 29.351084940   15.0   12.93   ~ 76 1
157 ACO 2572 ClG 23 18 31.2 +18 41 52           ~ 142 1
158 NGC 7619 GiG 23 20 14.524 +08 12 22.63   12.7       ~ 472 0
159 NGC 7647 BiC 23 23 57.4310112528 +16 46 38.141670936   14.61 14.45     ~ 79 0
160 ACO 2589 ClG 23 24 00.5 +16 49 29           ~ 327 1
161 ACO 2593 ClG 23 24 27.15 +14 33 40.2           ~ 231 0
162 IC 5353 BiC 23 47 28.5741083880 -28 06 33.260931180   14.03 13.15 12.55   ~ 63 1
163 ACO 4038 ClG 23 47 31.1 -28 12 10           ~ 349 3
164 NGC 7785 AG? 23 55 19.0388560224 +05 54 56.735224164   13.00       ~ 179 1

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