2010AJ....140.1214C

Query : 2010AJ....140.1214C

2010AJ....140.1214C - Astron. J., 140, 1214-1240 (2010/November-0)

A near-infrared spectroscopic survey of class I protostars.

CONNELLEY M.S. and GREENE T.P.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present the results of a near-IR spectroscopic survey of 110 Class I protostars observed from 0.80 µm to 2.43 µm at a spectroscopic resolution of R = 1200. This survey is unique in its selection of targets from the whole sky, its sample size, wavelength coverage, depth, and sample selection. We find that Class I objects exhibit a wide range of lines and the continuum spectroscopic features. Eighty-five percent of Class I protostars exhibit features indicative of mass accretion, and we found that the veiling excess, CO emission, and Br γ emission are closely related. We modeled the spectra to estimate the veiling excess (rk) and extinction to each target. We also used near-IR colors and emission line ratios, when available, to also estimate extinction. In the course of this survey, we observed the spectra of 10 FU Orionis-like objects, including 2 new ones, as well as 3 Herbig Ae-type stars among our Class I young stellar objects. We used photospheric absorption lines, when available, to estimate the spectral type of each target. Although most targets are late-type stars, there are several A- and F-type stars in our sample. Notably, we found no A or F class stars in the Taurus-Auriga or Perseus star-forming regions. There are several cases where the observed CO and/or water absorption bands are deeper than expected from the photospheric spectral type. We find a correlation between the appearance of the reflection nebula, which traces the distribution of material on very large scales, and the near-IR spectrum, which probes smaller scales. All of the FU Orionis-like objects are associated with reflection nebulae. The spectra of the components of spatially resolved protostellar binaries tend to be very similar. In particular both components tend to have similar veiling and H2emission, inconsistent with random selection from the sample as a whole. There is a strong correlation between [Fe II] and H2emission, supporting previous results showing that H2 emission in the spectra of young stars is usually shock excited by stellar winds.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): infrared: stars - stars: formation - stars: pre-main sequence - surveys - techniques: spectroscopic

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/AJ/140/1214): table1.dat>

Nomenclature: Table 1: [CG2010] IRAS HHMMm+DDMM(W), [CG2010] IRAS HHMMm+DDMM(WN), [CG2010] IRAS HHMMm+DDMM(N) N=50.

CDS comments: several IRAS names fixed in table2

Simbad objects: 151

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Number of rows : 151
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 2MASS J00014325+4805189 Y*O 00 01 43.2460939104 +48 05 18.914967708           G7-M4 9 0
2 ** HDP 1A Or* 03 25 09.4026378475 +30 46 20.734771595           K3-M4 10 0
3 CoKu NGC 1333 Star 1 Or* 03 25 09.43032 +30 46 21.5796           M2.6 103 0
4 ** HDP 1B Or* 03 25 09.4393680518 +30 46 22.040545771           ~ 9 0
5 ASR 106 Y*O 03 28 59.30640 +31 15 48.5172           K2.0 61 0
6 [LAL96] 213 Y*O 03 29 07.739 +31 21 57.52           ~ 70 0
7 LZK 12 Or* 03 29 10.393560 +31 21 59.19408   15.814 14.497 14.636   B5:V+F2: 147 0
8 IRAS 03301+3111 Y*O 03 33 12.8440487256 +31 21 24.139522188           M1.8 76 0
9 NAME Per Region reg 03 37 00.0 +31 15 00           ~ 296 0
10 IC 348 OpC 03 44 31.1 +32 10 02           ~ 1476 1
11 IRAS 03445+3242 Y*O 03 47 41.603 +32 51 43.79           ~ 215 0
12 IRAS 03507+3801 Y*O 03 54 06.1900610208 +38 10 42.590684496           F5-K0 18 0
13 HH 360 HH 04 04 43.002 +26 18 59.90           ~ 7 0
14 IRAS 04016+2610 Y*O 04 04 43.07064 +26 18 56.3904           ~ 284 0
15 HH 463 HH 04 10 +38.1           ~ 9 0
16 PP 13 Em* 04 10 41.09496 +38 07 54.3360           ~ 53 1
17 NAME IRAS 04108+2803A Or* 04 13 53.2833187728 +28 11 23.218994688           M5.5 39 0
18 NAME IRAS 04108+2803B Y*O 04 13 54.71688 +28 11 32.8992           K0-M3 45 0
19 IRAS 04108+2803 mul 04 13 54.9 +28 11 31           ~ 94 1
20 [BHS98] MHO 1 TT* 04 14 26.2681279416 +28 06 03.270677040           ~ 49 1
21 IRAS 04113+2758 ** 04 14 26.31 +28 06 04.5           ~ 65 0
22 [BHS98] MHO 2 TT* 04 14 26.4009435600 +28 05 59.635905324           M2.5 64 1
23 IRAS 04169+2702 Y*O 04 19 58.44936 +27 09 57.0672           K0-M4 130 1
24 NAME Auriga reg 04 20 00.0 +38 05 00           ~ 238 0
25 [MDM2001] CFHT-BD-Tau 19 Or* 04 21 07.9719906432 +27 02 20.084220528           M5IVe 43 0
26 NAME IRAS 04181+2654B Y*O 04 21 10.38840 +27 01 37.2576           K5-M4 29 0
27 IRAS 04181+2655 mul 04 21 10.9 +27 02 06           ~ 55 0
28 IRAS 04181+2654 Y*O 04 21 11.46888 +27 01 09.4044           G0-M3 71 0
29 2MASS J04220069+2657324 Y*O 04 22 01.00944 +26 57 35.2692           ~ 46 0
30 IRAS 04189+2650 mul 04 22 01.1 +26 57 30           ~ 9 0
31 V* FS Tau Or* 04 22 02.1798627024 +26 57 30.575293308 17.57   14.10 15.63   M3.5e+M0e 289 0
32 2MASS J04253980+3707082 Y*O 04 25 39.804 +37 07 08.25           ~ 12 0
33 IRAS 04239+2436 Y*O 04 26 56.29704 +24 43 35.3280           ~ 163 0
34 V* DG Tau TT* 04 27 04.6921275888 +26 06 16.060169268 13.57 13.97 10.50 12.28   K6Ve 1092 1
35 IRAS 04248+2612 Or* 04 27 57.3239527944 +26 19 18.033264696           M 160 0
36 RAFGL 5123 Y*O 04 31 34.07736 +18 08 04.9020           K3V/M3III 900 0
37 SSTc2d J043213.3+242911 Y*O 04 32 13.27 +24 29 10.8           G0-M3 7 0
38 Haro 6-13 Or* 04 32 15.4174258632 +24 28 59.577717108 19.22   17.7     M0 233 1
39 IRAS 04295+2251 Y*O 04 32 32.05488 +22 57 26.6724           K0-M4 105 0
40 LAMOST J043453.22+362329.0 Y*O 04 34 53.2258521333 +36 23 29.105884004           M4 9 0
41 IRAS 04325+2402 Y*O 04 35 35.39160 +24 08 19.4244           ~ 161 0
42 IRAS 04365+2535 Y*O 04 39 35.19360 +25 41 44.7252           ~ 330 0
43 IRAS 0437+257P08 Or* 04 39 55.7457478224 +25 45 01.941104988           B5 177 1
44 IRAS 04381+2540 Y*O 04 41 12.67920 +25 46 35.4216           K0-M2 133 1
45 V* V347 Aur Mi* 04 56 57.0215559600 +51 30 50.884005672           M2Ve 52 1
46 IRAS 04591-0856 Y*O 05 01 29.63520 -08 52 16.8744           K4-M3 24 0
47 2MASX J05181754+0710589 Y*O 05 18 17.549 +07 10 58.96           ~ 25 0
48 IRAS 05256+3049 Y*O 05 28 49.86 +30 51 29.3           ~ 7 0
49 IRAS 05289-0430 Y*O 05 31 27.1038134712 -04 27 59.574965436     16.7     ~ 15 0
50 Haro 4-145 Y*O 05 32 43.4178525432 -05 35 57.290459748     16.8     M1.7 54 0
51 IRAS 05311-0631 Y*O 05 33 32.551 -06 29 44.36           M2-M4 34 0
52 V* V1974 Ori Or* 05 34 31.0878695280 -02 58 02.368578612           K0-M4 17 0
53 NAME Orion Nebula Cluster OpC 05 35.0 -05 29           ~ 2514 0
54 TKK 449 Y*O 05 35 13.1017677264 -04 55 52.467370932           M3.1 20 0
55 [MGR2000a] IRAS 00494+5617 P1 HII 05 35 14.4 -04 55 45           ~ 39 0
56 NAME Ori Trapezium OpC 05 35 16.5 -05 23 14           ~ 1708 1
57 NAME Ori Region reg 05 35 17.30 -05 23 28.0           ~ 623 0
58 Parenago 2649 Ae* 05 38 09.3040171896 -06 49 16.595034888   15.361 13.860 13.438   A5e 80 0
59 2MASS J05400579-0038429 Y*O 05 40 05.7922338576 -00 38 42.966220560           F5-K0 4 0
60 2MASS J05400637-0038370 Y*O 05 40 06.3721321968 -00 38 37.051984212           M1-M4 6 0
61 Haro 5-90 Y*O 05 40 06.7915206744 -00 38 38.115960216     16.1 15.76   G3-K5 14 0
62 IRAS 05378-0750 * 05 40 16.7 -07 48 33           K7 22 0
63 2MASS J05401780-0748258 Y*O 05 40 17.805 -07 48 25.84           ~ 14 0
64 [MB91] 54 Y*O 05 40 20.3110089336 -07 56 24.761583312           K0-M4 25 0
65 IRAS F05379-0758 mul 05 40 20.5 -07 56 32           ~ 17 0
66 2MASS J05402054-0756398 Y*O 05 40 20.5461698184 -07 56 39.657884064           M2.2 30 0
67 2MASS J05402090-0756246 Y*O 05 40 20.905 -07 56 24.61           ~ 13 0
68 NAME LDN 1641 S4 mul 05 40 48.8 -08 06 51           ~ 44 0
69 2MASS J05404991-0806084 Y*O 05 40 49.916 -08 06 08.42           K0-M4 16 0
70 2MASS J05405059-0805487 Y*O 05 40 50.590 -08 05 48.74           K0-M4 16 0
71 2MASS J05413005-0840092 Y*O 05 41 30.052 -08 40 09.21           M0 14 0
72 IRAS 05391-0841 IR 05 41 30.297 -08 40 16.57           ~ 10 0
73 [CG2010] IRAS 05391-0841(S) Y*O 05 41 30.34 -08 40 27.7           ~ 2 0
74 2MASS J05424706-0817069 Y*O 05 42 47.067 -08 17 06.93           M5 58 0
75 2MASS J05424769-0947222 Y*O 05 42 47.6957901456 -09 47 22.318522692           A5-F3 28 0
76 IRAS 05405-0117 Y*O 05 43 03.05688 -01 16 29.2404           G3-M4 43 0
77 IRAS 05427-0116 Y*O 05 45 17.30616 -01 15 27.5688           K0-M3 19 0
78 IRAS 05450+0019 Or* 05 47 36.67056 +00 20 06.0360           ~ 38 0
79 V* V1818 Ori Ae* 05 53 42.5559205608 -10 24 00.727634016     13.40     Ae 49 0
80 2MASS J05574918-1406080 Y*O 05 57 49.1811174696 -14 06 07.992702360           G3-M3 6 0
81 GSC 05360-01033 Y*O 05 57 49.4713881960 -14 05 33.602900028       14.18   B5? 23 0
82 IRAS 05555-1405 mul 05 57 49.6 -14 05 42           ~ 20 0
83 IRAS 05598-0906 Y*O 06 02 16.203 -09 06 28.98           ~ 9 0
84 NAME HH 999-IRS Y*O 06 07 08.500 -11 17 51.23           ~ 17 0
85 2MASS J06322611+1019184 Or* 06 32 26.1213519792 +10 19 18.413590044           ~ 11 0
86 IRAS 06297+1021 Y*O 06 32 28.7 +10 19 03           ~ 10 0
87 2MASS J06323082+1018396 Y*O 06 32 30.8277978840 +10 18 39.614803524           ~ 3 0
88 IRAS 06382+1017 Y*O 06 41 02.660 +10 15 01.91           ~ 52 0
89 IRAS 06393+0913 Y*O 06 42 08.13 +09 10 30.0           G0-M0 15 0
90 IRAS 07018-1005 Y*O 07 04 13.9257581568 -10 10 13.559113488           ~ 5 0
91 2MASS J07045162-1209299 Y*O 07 04 51.622 -12 09 29.91           ~ 1 0
92 IRAS 07025-1204 Cld 07 04 52.4 -12 09 26           ~ 19 0
93 IRAS 07180-2356 Y*O 07 20 08.36 -24 02 23.0           ~ 12 2
94 NAME Chamaeleon Region SFR 11 55 -78.0           ~ 887 0
95 NAME Cha II MoC 12 54 -77.2           ~ 361 0
96 NAME Lupus Complex SFR 16 03 -38.1           ~ 851 0
97 GSS 35 TT* 16 26 34.1761719864 -24 23 28.283473860     16.53 14.75 12.51 B3 254 1
98 WL 16 Y*O 16 27 02.33520 -24 37 27.2316           A0-F3 164 0
99 LDN 1681 DNe 16 27 05.4 -24 37 24           ~ 22 0
100 IRAS 16240-2430 mul 16 27 05.4 -24 37 24           ~ 23 0
101 Elia 2-29 Y*O 16 27 09.43032 -24 37 18.7716           ~ 296 1
102 NAME Ophiuchus Molecular Cloud SFR 16 28 06 -24 32.5           ~ 3969 1
103 ISO-Oph 204 TT* 16 31 52.1203898904 -24 56 15.707944320           ~ 45 0
104 [CG2010] IRAS 16288-2450(W1) Y*O 16 31 52.98 -24 56 24.6           K0-M4 2 0
105 [CG2010] IRAS 16288-2450(W2) Y*O 16 31 52.98 -24 56 24.6           K0-M4 3 0
106 NAME rho Oph South IR 16 31 56.0 -24 56 28           ~ 29 0
107 WLY 2-67 Y*O 16 32 00.99624 -24 56 41.9640           ~ 67 0
108 IRAS 16289-4449 Or* 16 32 32.19264 -44 55 30.6552       15.95   ~ 149 1
109 HBC 650 TT* 16 34 29.32 -15 47 01.4           K3.0 184 2
110 2MASS J16465826-0935197 Y*O 16 46 58.2599324664 -09 35 20.090942592   19.6 17.4     ~ 38 0
111 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 16269 0
112 EM* MWC 297 Ae* 18 27 39.5265500160 -03 49 52.133050776 15.57 14.34 12.31 11.34   B1.5Ve 315 0
113 [CG2010] IRAS 18270-0153(W1) Y*O 18 29 36.6841434840 -01 50 59.257764168           ~ 6 0
114 IRAS 18270-0153 mul 18 29 36.9 -01 51 02           ~ 15 0
115 2MASS J18293891-0151063 Y*O 18 29 38.917 -01 51 06.34           ~ 9 0
116 NAME Serpens Cloud SFR 18 29 49 +01 14.8           ~ 1195 1
117 2MASS J18300136-0210256 Y*O 18 30 01.362 -02 10 25.63           ~ 16 0
118 IRAS 18275+0040 Or* 18 30 06.1720554216 +00 42 33.552210636   17.27 15.55 13.34   F3Ve 32 0
119 2MASS J18302712-0210564 Y*O 18 30 27.126 -02 10 56.41           ~ 5 0
120 2MASS J18302728-0211001 Y*O 18 30 27.282 -02 11 00.16           ~ 6 0
121 IRAS 18278-0212 IR 18 30 28.0 -02 10 48           ~ 10 0
122 IRAS 18341-0113 IR 18 36 45.7 -01 10 29           ~ 8 0
123 2MASS J18364633-0110294 Y*O 18 36 46.3254947688 -01 10 29.595365400           K0-M4 6 0
124 2MASS J18364649-0110415 Or* 18 36 46.49424 -01 10 41.5668           ~ 5 0
125 IRAS 18383+0059 IR 18 40 51.7 +01 02 09           ~ 7 0
126 2MASS J18405186+0102128 ** 18 40 51.860 +01 02 12.89           ~ 1 0
127 [CG2010] IRAS 18383+0059(E) Y*O 18 40 51.87 +01 02 12.9           ~ 1 0
128 [CG2010] IRAS 18383+0059(W) Y*O 18 40 51.87 +01 02 12.9           ~ 1 0
129 V* S CrA Or* 19 01 08.597088 -36 57 19.89504   11.76 10.91 11.41   G0Ve+K0Ve 286 0
130 V* R CrA Ae* 19 01 53.6764322232 -36 57 08.299341828 12.781 12.651 11.917 11.242 10.412 B5IIIpe 499 2
131 V* T CrA Ae* 19 01 58.777008 -36 57 49.93704   14.087 13.130 11.823 10.678 F5? 179 0
132 Parsamian 21 Or* 19 29 00.8740757136 +09 38 42.862226208   15.18 14.07 13.93   F5Iabe 95 0
133 LDN 1100 Y*O 20 36 22.86 +63 53 40.4           ~ 34 0
134 LDN 1036 Y*O 20 38 57.48 +57 09 37.6           ~ 28 0
135 V* PV Cep Or* 20 45 53.9540390184 +67 57 38.679941304   19.27 17.46 15.98 14.60 A5 282 1
136 V* V2494 Cyg Or* 20 58 21.0933404928 +52 29 27.683055312           ~ 49 0
137 TGU H534 P2 DNe 21 37 11.3100 +43 20 36.260           ~ 29 0
138 IRAS 21352+4307 Y*O 21 37 11.39 +43 20 38.4           ~ 22 1
139 IRAS 21445+5712 Or* 21 46 07.1269843296 +57 26 31.628449824           ~ 55 0
140 V* V1735 Cyg Or* 21 47 20.6628414360 +47 32 03.857457372           ~ 170 0
141 GLMP 1049 Y*O 21 58 35.90 +58 57 22.8           ~ 14 0
142 GN 22.05.1 Y*O 22 06 50.449 +59 02 45.65           ~ 49 0
143 SH 2-140 OpC 22 19 07.8 +63 17 07           ~ 668 2
144 IRAS 22176+6303 Y*O 22 19 18.23 +63 18 47.5           ~ 600 0
145 IRAS 22266+6845 Y*O 22 28 02.99 +69 01 16.7           G0-M4 23 0
146 IRAS 22272+6358B Y*O 22 28 57.6117277392 +64 13 37.473659616           A0-G3 11 0
147 EM* LkHA 233 Ae* 22 34 40.984104 +40 40 04.19520   14.356 13.527 13.673   A7Ve 150 0
148 V* DI Cep Or* 22 56 11.5377385392 +58 40 01.773069276   12.01 11.95     G8IVe 141 0
149 IRAS 23037+6213 mul 23 05 48.942 +62 30 01.91           ~ 31 0
150 2MASS J23054976+6230011 Y*O 23 05 49.7402890584 +62 30 01.173557016           A0-F4 30 0
151 NAME Cas A SNR 23 23 26.0 +58 48 41     14.30     ~ 3033 1

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