2010ApJ...708..137M

Query : 2010ApJ...708..137M

2010ApJ...708..137M - Astrophys. J., 708, 137-157 (2010/January-1)

On the cosmic evolution of the scaling relations between black holes and their host galaxies: broad-line active galactic nuclei in the zCOSMOS survey.

MERLONI A., BONGIORNO A., BOLZONELLA M., BRUSA M., CIVANO F., COMASTRI A., ELVIS M., FIORE F., GILLI R., HAO H., JAHNKE K., KOEKEMOER A.M., LUSSO E., MAINIERI V., MIGNOLI M., MIYAJI T., RENZINI A., SALVATO M., SILVERMAN J., TRUMP J., VIGNALI C., ZAMORANI G., CAPAK P., LILLY S.J., SANDERS D., TANIGUCHI Y., BARDELLI S., CAROLLO C.M., CAPUTI K., CONTINI T., COPPA G., CUCCIATI O., DE LA TORRE S., DE RAVEL L., FRANZETTI P., GARILLI B., HASINGER G., IMPEY C., IOVINO A., IWASAWA K., KAMPCZYK P., KNEIB J.-P., KNOBEL C., KOVAC K., LAMAREILLE F., LE BORGNE J.-F., LE BRUN V., LE FEVRE O., MAIER C., PELLO R., PENG Y., MONTERO E.P., RICCIARDELLI E., SCODEGGIO M., TANAKA M., TASCA L.A.M., TRESSE L., VERGANI D. and ZUCCA E.

Abstract (from CDS):

We report on the measurement of the physical properties (rest-frame K-band luminosity and total stellar mass) of the hosts of 89 broad-line (type-1) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detected in the zCOSMOS survey in the redshift range 1 < z < 2.2. The unprecedented multi-wavelength coverage of the survey field allows us to disentangle the emission of the host galaxy from that of the nuclear black hole in their spectral energy distributions (SEDs). We derive an estimate of black hole masses through the analysis of the broad Mg II emission lines observed in the medium-resolution spectra taken with VIMOS/VLT as part of the zCOSMOS project. We found that, as compared to the local value, the average black hole to host-galaxy mass ratio appears to evolve positively with redshift, with a best-fit evolution of the form (1+z)^0.68 ± 0.12 +0.6–0.3^, where the large asymmetric systematic errors stem from the uncertainties in the choice of initial mass function, in the calibration of the virial relation used to estimate BH masses and in the mean QSO SED adopted. On the other hand, if we consider the observed rest-frame K-band luminosity, objects tend to be brighter, for a given black hole mass, than those on the local MBH-MKrelation. This fact, together with more indirect evidence from the SED fitting itself, suggests that the AGN hosts are likely actively star-forming galaxies. A thorough analysis of observational biases induced by intrinsic scatter in the scaling relations reinforces the conclusion that an evolution of the MBH-M* relation must ensue for actively growing black holes at early times: either its overall normalization, or its intrinsic scatter (or both) appear to increase with redshift. This can be interpreted as signature of either a more rapid growth of supermassive black holes at high redshift, a change of structural properties of AGN hosts at earlier times, or a significant mismatch between the typical growth times of nuclear black holes and host galaxies. In any case, our results provide important clues on the nature of the early co-evolution of black holes and galaxies and challenging tests for models of AGN feedback and self-regulated growth of structures.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): cosmology: observations - galaxies: active - galaxies: evolution - quasars: emission lines

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/708/137): table1.dat table2.dat>

Simbad objects: 91

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Number of rows : 91
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 Mrk 1502 Sy1 00 53 34.9331107632 +12 41 35.929269132   14.41 14.03     ~ 1242 1
2 COSMOS2015 746142 AGN 09 57 50.200 +02 25 48.29 22.948 22.71 22.48 22.34 22.20 ~ 11 0
3 2XMM J095751.0+022125 QSO 09 57 51.073 +02 21 24.63   21.143 20.973   20.57 ~ 20 0
4 ACS-GC 20076905 AGN 09 58 01.615 +02 04 28.88   24.1332 23.1462   22.01 ~ 23 0
5 [VV2006] J095810.9+014005 QSO 09 58 10.8797739936 +01 40 05.177749260   20.27 20.18   20.20 ~ 53 0
6 ACS-GC 20133828 AGN 09 58 12.257 +02 19 00.85   24.034 23.635   22.36 ~ 20 0
7 [VV2006] J095815.4+014922 QSO 09 58 15.5023015968 +01 49 22.997026416   20.533 20.805   20.34 ~ 65 0
8 ACS-GC 20074261 AGN 09 58 17.871 +02 05 06.26   22.543 22.632   22.11 ~ 24 0
9 ACS-GC 20158656 Sy1 09 58 18.153 +02 34 32.37   22.324 21.934   21.72 ~ 24 0
10 [VV2006] J095820.4+020304 QSO 09 58 20.4510135240 +02 03 03.977827380   19.918 20.039 18.8 19.82 ~ 62 0
11 [VV2006] J095820.7+020213 QSO 09 58 20.7865815864 +02 02 13.552709172   21.4354 21.2605   21.06 ~ 30 0
12 2XMM J095824.5+022333 QSO 09 58 24.4922368248 +02 23 33.676143252   21.429 20.973   19.86 ~ 26 0
13 SDSS J095829.25+024417.8 AGN 09 58 29.2555816272 +02 44 17.943492588   19.910 20.031   20.03 ~ 25 0
14 [VV2006] J095829.8+021049 QSO 09 58 29.8067278032 +02 10 50.333367252   21.0288 20.5287   20.82 ~ 36 0
15 SDSS J095837.50+020304.0 Sy1 09 58 37.505 +02 03 04.09   22.711 22.816   22.45 ~ 27 0
16 ACS-GC 20129314 Sy1 09 58 38.467 +02 24 39.29   23.042 22.610   21.41 ~ 31 0
17 2XMM J095839.2+020507 QSO 09 58 39.2622830136 +02 05 06.738622404   20.9373 20.6128   20.62 ~ 37 0
18 [VV2006] J095844.9+014309 QSO 09 58 44.9415645384 +01 43 09.007001652   20.77 20.42   20.36 ~ 60 0
19 ACS-GC 20048747 AGN 09 58 45.000 +01 48 45.54   23.4414 22.9414   22.42 ~ 27 0
20 SDSS J095849.39+022511.1 Sy1 09 58 49.3956143568 +02 25 11.261530632 21.04 21.2564 20.4401   20.57 ~ 37 0
21 SDSS J095855.25+022713.6 AGN 09 58 55.252 +02 27 13.65 23.78 23.29 22.63 22.46 22.001 ~ 25 0
22 [VV2006] J095903.2+022002 QSO 09 59 03.2398 +02 20 02.676   21.658 21.0538   21.11 ~ 37 0
23 COSMOS2015 906578 QSO 09 59 05.801 +02 40 26.95   22.491 22.192   21.59 ~ 26 0
24 ACS-GC 20046042 AGN 09 59 10.031 +01 52 22.26 23.72 23.2586 22.7979 22.58 22.20 ~ 32 0
25 ACS-GC 20127008 AGN 09 59 15.106 +02 20 43.65   22.7857 22.3833   21.94 ~ 25 0
26 [VV2006] J095917.2+015019 QSO 09 59 17.2546 +01 50 19.284   21.1092 20.8127   20.88 ~ 34 0
27 [VV2006] J095920.9+020032 QSO 09 59 20.8933151448 +02 00 31.772233584   21.26 20.98   20.93 ~ 37 0
28 [VV2006] J095924.5+015953 QSO 09 59 24.4671178128 +01 59 54.321806436   18.568 18.599   18.53 ~ 72 0
29 SDSS J095927.73+020011.0 AGN 09 59 27.736 +02 00 11.09   21.857 21.898   21.90 ~ 29 0
30 SDSS J095928.45+015934.6 Sy1 09 59 28.452 +01 59 34.67   21.71 21.40   21.672 ~ 34 0
31 ACS-GC 20125365 AGN 09 59 28.971 +02 25 02.22   23.1827 22.7363   22.40 ~ 30 0
32 [VV2006] J095929.2+022033 QSO 09 59 29.24 +02 20 34.4   22.115 21.8356   21.86 ~ 36 0
33 ACS-GC 20125813 rG 09 59 31.443 +02 27 03.02 22.176 22.078 21.5772 21.564 21.338 ~ 36 0
34 SDSS J095934.75+021028.0 Sy1 09 59 34.755 +02 10 28.07 22.837 23.1363 22.58 22.18 22.059 ~ 41 0
35 [VV2006] J095934.8+021422 QSO 09 59 34.8959878104 +02 14 22.107744636   20.958 20.7253   20.85 ~ 34 0
36 2XMM J095935.5+020537 QSO 09 59 35.501 +02 05 38.20   22.2112 22.1366   21.73 ~ 35 0
37 [VV2006] J095940.7+021938 QSO 09 59 40.7427799416 +02 19 38.744153760 21.30 20.9818 20.4557   20.15 ~ 49 0
38 ACS-GC 20153879 rG 09 59 49.347 +02 30 07.28 23.596 23.2825 22.6349 22.33 21.891 ~ 33 0
39 [VV2006] J095949.4+020140 QSO 09 59 49.4023471848 +02 01 40.976414868   19.84 19.67   19.00 ~ 77 0
40 2XMM J095949.8+020012 QSO 09 59 49.848 +02 00 11.08   21.4169 21.0154   21.03 ~ 35 0
41 SDSS J095956.63+013702.1 Sy1 09 59 56.630 +01 37 02.17   23.217 22.602   22.41 ~ 23 0
42 [VV2006] J095958.6+021805 QSO 09 59 58.5352330248 +02 18 05.143568796   20.7067 20.349   20.12 ~ 39 0
43 SDSS J100001.06+021413.5 Sy1 10 00 01.064 +02 14 13.56   22.7446 22.2065   21.70 ~ 41 0
44 [VV2006] J100010.2+023745 QSO 10 00 10.1929960488 +02 37 44.996406168   21.2191 20.744   20.21 ~ 33 0
45 2XMM J100012.1+014439 QSO 10 00 12.087 +01 44 39.91 22.61 22.063 22.111   21.74 ~ 35 0
46 [VV2006] J100014.1+022838 QSO 10 00 14.0894011632 +02 28 38.601546888 20.94 20.8573 20.547   20.55 ~ 54 0
47 SDSS J100020.25+021725.8 QSO 10 00 20.250 +02 17 25.86   23.2742 22.7401   22.49 ~ 37 0
48 [VV2006] J100025.1+024128 QSO 10 00 25.071 +02 41 28.46   21.4735 21.1218   21.08 ~ 29 0
49 NAME COSMOS Field reg 10 00 28.60 +02 12 21.0           ~ 3639 0
50 [VV2006] J100031.6+014757 QSO 10 00 31.6153401336 +01 47 57.808703760   21.266 21.1055   20.90 ~ 39 0
51 ACS-GC 20039746 AGN 10 00 33.893 +01 49 10.96   23.696 23.286   22.22 ~ 15 0
52 ACS-GC 20174851 Sy1 10 00 35.299 +02 43 02.92   21.9093 21.6644   22.124 ~ 31 0
53 [VV2006] J100038.0+020822 QSO 10 00 38.0145823704 +02 08 22.399120716   20.698 20.617   20.45 ~ 66 0
54 SDSS J100038.14+024930.3 AGN 10 00 38.150 +02 49 30.50   21.601 21.659   20.72 ~ 23 0
55 SDSS J100038.82+015240.0 AGN 10 00 38.827 +01 52 40.00   22.7599 22.4471   22.41 ~ 32 0
56 ACS-GC 20146829 rG 10 00 39.313 +02 35 51.58 22.925 22.60 22.36 22.17 21.822 ~ 29 0
57 ACS-GC 20013589 Sy1 10 00 46.81 +01 47 37.6 23.598 23.16 22.58 22.35 21.709 ~ 36 0
58 [VV2006] J100046.8+020015 QSO 10 00 46.9371882624 +02 00 15.914905272 20.55 20.29 20.32   20.13 ~ 48 0
59 [VV2006] J100047.8+020756 QSO 10 00 47.7541645248 +02 07 56.997161220   19.50 19.30   19.49 ~ 51 0
60 SDSS J100047.93+021127.0 QSO 10 00 47.938 +02 11 27.06   21.3091 21.0948   21.12 ~ 38 0
61 [VV2006] J100051.5+021215 QSO 10 00 51.5174198904 +02 12 15.332100804   21.2347 21.2034   20.99 ~ 38 0
62 [VV2006] J100055.4+023441 QSO 10 00 55.3918478664 +02 34 41.397836232 20.85 20.4406 20.1366   20.05 ~ 73 0
63 [VV2006] J100055.6+022150 QSO 10 00 55.6277266344 +02 21 50.380395192   20.8269 20.5506   20.58 ~ 30 0
64 SDSS J100056.68+021720.9 rG 10 00 56.689 +02 17 20.94   21.5463 21.2719   21.48 ~ 32 0
65 [ICS2009] 1657280 QSO 10 00 57.792 +02 39 32.48   23.569 22.688   22.49 ~ 30 0
66 [VV2006] J100100.3+024413 QSO 10 01 00.3159869952 +02 44 13.766034336   21.427 20.9693   20.85 ~ 26 0
67 ACS-GC 20062965 AGN 10 01 06.954 +01 57 34.59   21.963 21.616   20.83 ~ 21 0
68 [VV2006] J100111.9+023024 QSO 10 01 11.9247 +02 30 24.417   21.3607 21.1391   21.02 ~ 37 0
69 SDSS J100113.34+023608.0 Sy1 10 01 13.344 +02 36 08.02         22.06 ~ 26 0
70 SDSS J100118.77+020729.7 Sy1 10 01 18.777 +02 07 29.70         22.30 ~ 33 0
71 [VV2006] J100120.2+023341 QSO 10 01 20.2641138936 +02 33 41.327099676   20.6106 20.1906   20.08 ~ 73 0
72 SDSS J100123.01+020851.1 QSO 10 01 23.0165915400 +02 08 51.043139412   21.1335 20.7868   20.95 ~ 34 0
73 ACS-GC 20113854 AGN 10 01 23.448 +02 23 27.59 23.91 23.72 23.0175 22.87 22.127 ~ 28 0
74 [VV2006] J100129.7+020643 QSO 10 01 29.6700868944 +02 06 43.285011372   21.51 21.27   20.95 ~ 35 0
75 [VV2006] J100132.8+015800 QSO 10 01 32.814 +01 57 59.81 21.416 21.458 21.291 21.202 20.966 ~ 37 0
76 SDSS J100147.04+020236.5 AGN 10 01 47.051 +02 02 36.56   22.018 21.2382   21.14 ~ 28 0
77 [VV2006] J100148.5+020841 QSO 10 01 48.4611 +02 08 41.257   21.1911 20.7349   20.61 ~ 36 0
78 2XMM J100149.6+023853 QSO 10 01 49.5917552232 +02 38 53.286323136 20.94 20.8805 20.4545   20.47 ~ 30 0
79 [VV2006] J100158.9+022445 QSO 10 01 58.9156 +02 24 45.101   21.8918 21.4896   21.60 ~ 43 0
80 [VV2006] J100159.7+022641 QSO 10 01 59.7827433912 +02 26 41.694120528   19.7488 19.498   19.29 ~ 54 0
81 SDSS J100208.67+021623.6 AGN 10 02 08.676 +02 16 23.67   22.512 22.060   21.58 ~ 27 0
82 ACS-GC 20031594 AGN 10 02 08.811 +01 50 58.43         21.71 ~ 18 0
83 SDSS J100213.16+023827.8 Sy1 10 02 13.168 +02 38 27.83   21.9836 21.3959   21.53 ~ 31 0
84 [VV2006] J100217.4+022959 QSO 10 02 17.4172355616 +02 29 59.752485708   20.84 20.48   20.68 ~ 31 0
85 ACS-GC 20079962 Sy1 10 02 19.647 +02 17 15.71   22.756 22.273   21.29 ~ 37 0
86 SDSS J100223.04+014714.8 Sy1 10 02 23.047 +01 47 14.85   22.03 21.31   21.39 ~ 32 0
87 ACS-GC 20136462 Sy1 10 02 23.364 +02 37 04.53   22.2031 21.9081   21.75 ~ 27 0
88 SDSS J100232.48+023859.6 AGN 10 02 32.489 +02 38 59.69   21.3599 20.9999   21.15 ~ 23 0
89 ACS-GC 20281688 AGN 10 02 40.536 +02 31 00.36         22.29 ~ 21 0
90 [VV2006] J100249.9+021732 QSO 10 02 49.933 +02 17 32.70   21.5836 20.8822   20.99 ~ 25 0
91 [VV2006] J100251.7+022905 QSO 10 02 51.6243989784 +02 29 05.367629040   19.7743 19.516   19.54 ~ 62 0

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