2010ApJ...714..675N

The equations of motion, modified by the relativistic correction to a rotating inclined magnetic field, are discussed. It is shown that the magnetic moment would precess under the influence of the retardation torques identifiable by several higher-order terms in the relativistic correction. The observed cyclical behaviors from the clock-like pulse-emitting pulsars reported by many researchers are likely to be the consequences of the retardation effect produced by an inclined magnetic moment of a spinning body. The results, which come from the study of two independently rotating magnetic moments, are in agreement with the observed pulsar data for the pulsar PSR B1828-11. These electromagnetic driving forces are presented for further exploration and discussion.