2010MNRAS.401..275W

Query : 2010MNRAS.401..275W

2010MNRAS.401..275W - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 401, 275-293 (2010/January-1)

The relation between the most-massive star and its parental star cluster mass.

WEIDNER C., KROUPA P. and BONNELL I.A.D.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present a thorough literature study of the most-massive star, mmax, in several young star clusters in order to assess whether or not star clusters are populated from the stellar initial mass function (IMF) by random sampling over the mass range 0.01 ≤ m ≤ 150M☉ without being constrained by the cluster mass, Mecl. The data reveal a partition of the sample into lowest mass objects (Mecl≤ 102M☉), moderate mass clusters (102M☉< Mecl≤ 103M☉) and rich clusters above 103M☉. Additionally, there is a plateau of a constant maximal star mass (mmax~ 25M☉) for clusters with masses between 103M☉ and 4x103M☉. Statistical tests of this data set reveal that the hypothesis of random sampling from the IMF between 0.01 and 150M☉ is highly unlikely for star clusters more massive than 102M☉ with a probability of p ~ 2x10–7 for the objects with Mecl between 102 and 103M☉and p ~ 3x10–9 for the more massive star clusters. Also, the spread of mmax values at a given Meclis smaller than expected from random sampling. We suggest that the basic physical process able to explain this dependence of stellar inventory of a star cluster on its mass may be the interplay between stellar feedback and the binding energy of the cluster-forming molecular cloud core. Given these results, it would follow that an integrated galactic IMF (IGIMF) sampled from such clusters would automatically be steeper in comparison to the IMF within individual star clusters.

Abstract Copyright: © 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2009 RAS

Journal keyword(s): stars: formation - stars: luminosity function, mass function - Galaxy: stellar content - galaxies: evolution - galaxies: star clusters - galaxies: stellar content

Simbad objects: 173

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Number of rows : 173
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 BD+66 1675 * 00 02 10.2887046096 +67 24 32.228861796 10.18 10.16 9.08     O7.5Vz 97 0
2 Cl Berkeley 59 OpC 00 02 17 +67 26.5           ~ 107 0
3 LBN 119.57-00.92 HII 00 21 16 +61 43.5           ~ 39 0
4 BD+60 39 * 00 21 53.8989746616 +61 45 02.610093816 9 9.66 9.46     O9V 45 0
5 IRAS 00420+5530 Y*? 00 44 57.31 +55 47 18.1           ~ 61 0
6 NGC 281 HII 00 52 25.1 +56 33 54           ~ 251 1
7 IC 1590 OpC 00 52 49.2 +56 37 42           ~ 70 0
8 HD 5005 ** 00 52 49.21342 +56 37 39.5227 7.02         ~ 147 0
9 NGC 637 OpC 01 43 06.1 +64 02 16   8.56 8.2     ~ 86 0
10 HD 15558 Y*O 02 32 42.5366901168 +61 27 21.572901360 7.82 8.37 7.87 7.34 6.94 O4.5III(f) 324 0
11 IC 1805 OpC 02 32 52.1 +61 28 36           ~ 542 1
12 HD 17505 ** 02 51 07.97514 +60 25 03.8720 6.83 7.47 7.07     O6.5III((f))n+O8V 205 0
13 BD+60 586 * 02 54 10.6733578416 +60 39 03.492857052 9.632 8.713 8.489 8.893   O7Vz 103 0
14 HD 18326 Y*O 02 59 23.1709737312 +60 33 59.519691216 9.211 8.21 7.94     O6.5V((f))z+O9/B0V: 142 0
15 NAME AFGL 4029 IRS 1 Y*O 03 01 29.2 +60 29 12           ~ 112 1
16 NAME W 5 East MoC 03 01 32 +60 29.2           ~ 130 2
17 SH 2-201 HII 03 03 17.9 +60 27 52           ~ 118 0
18 IRAS 03064+5638 HII 03 10 15.3 +56 50 18           ~ 28 0
19 NGC 1333 OpC 03 29 09.2 +31 20 59           ~ 1575 1
20 IC 348 OpC 03 44 31.1 +32 10 02           ~ 1476 1
21 HD 281159 Y*O 03 44 34.1873929 +32 09 46.137563 9.19 9.21 8.53 8.85 7.850 B5V 234 0
22 Cl Alicante 1 OpC 03 59 08 +57 14.4           ~ 18 0
23 BD+56 864 SB* 03 59 18.2933470368 +57 14 13.757279424 10.837 9.93 9.80     O5.5V(n)+O6.5V(n) 57 0
24 NAME Tau-Aur Complex SFR 04 30 +25.0           ~ 1453 0
25 LBN 784 HII 05 13 25.5 +37 27 01           ~ 83 0
26 IRAS 05137+3919 Cld 05 17 13.3 +39 22 14           ~ 75 0
27 6C 051949+335341 HII 05 23 09.58 +33 58 14.1           ~ 26 1
28 GAL 174.20-00.08 Cld 05 30 45.9 +33 47 56           ~ 210 2
29 NGC 1931 OpC 05 31 23 +34 14.0     10.1     ~ 136 0
30 NAME Orion Nebula Cluster OpC 05 35.0 -05 29           ~ 2514 0
31 * tet01 Ori C SB* 05 35 16.4662967280 -05 23 22.921811880 4.20 5.15 5.13 4.91 4.73 O7Vp 1479 1
32 M 42 HII 05 35 16.8 -05 23 15           ~ 4411 0
33 NGC 1985 RNe 05 37 47.8 +31 59 24           ~ 145 2
34 NAME sig Ori Cluster OpC 05 38 42 -02 36.0           ~ 623 0
35 RMC 136 Cl* 05 38 42.396 -69 06 03.36   5.81 5.40     ~ 2236 2
36 BAT99 108 WR* 05 38 42.396 -69 06 02.87   12.78 12.77     WN5h 99 0
37 * sig Ori Y*O 05 38 44.7653828520 -02 36 00.283179888 2.54 3.58 3.79 3.87 4.11 O9.5V+B0.2V(n) 855 0
38 BFS 46 HII 05 40 52.902 +35 42 16.72           ~ 53 1
39 IRAS 05377+3548 mul 05 41 08.5 +35 49 55           ~ 23 0
40 NGC 2023 RNe 05 41 37.9 -02 15 52           ~ 657 1
41 NGC 2103 As* 05 41 38.1 -71 19 49     10.82     ~ 58 0
42 HD 37903 Em* 05 41 38.3891026008 -02 15 32.479650720 7.32 7.94 7.83 7.64 7.52 B3IV 385 0
43 SK -71 51 * 05 41 39.6175953744 -71 19 56.311276836 11.621 12.62 12.71   12.778 O4V 10 0
44 NGC 2024 Cl* 05 41 43 -01 50.5           ~ 1198 1
45 [BCB89] IRS 2b Y*O 05 41 45.490 -01 54 28.78           O8V 57 1
46 HD 290862 Y*O 05 46 43.3856873232 +00 04 36.042148164 10.93 11.04 10.41 10.24   B3/5 71 1
47 M 78 RNe 05 46 45.8 +00 04 45   8.0       ~ 397 0
48 HD 290861A EB* 05 47 07.9122481367 +00 17 56.235172272   11.79 10.61     ~ 46 0
49 HD 290861 Y*O 05 47 07.9128323612 +00 17 56.226520463   11.004 9.954 9.593   F8 51 0
50 NGC 2071 RNe 05 47 10 +00 18.0           ~ 661 1
51 HD 270145 s*b 05 48 49.6513961040 -70 03 57.837376476 10.903 12.110 12.166     O6.5Iaf 59 1
52 NGC 2122 As* 05 48 55 -70 04.1     10.43     ~ 92 0
53 LH 118 As* 05 49 33 -70 06.3           ~ 44 0
54 SK -70 118 * 05 49 41.5127607840 -70 08 13.472890008       13.640   O5 5 0
55 IRAS 05490+2658 Y*O 05 52 12.9 +26 59 33           ~ 51 0
56 GAL 192.16-03.82 HII 05 58 13.4 +16 32 00           ~ 145 1
57 2MASS J06074615-0623046 Y*O 06 07 46.158 -06 23 04.61           ~ 9 0
58 NAME Mon R2 HII 06 07 47.58 -06 22 42.6           ~ 789 2
59 RAFGL 6366S HII 06 08 41.0 +21 31 01           ~ 95 0
60 RAFGL 5180 SFR 06 08 54.1 +21 38 25           ~ 125 0
61 RAFGL 5184 IR 06 09 51.7 +20 30 04           ~ 40 0
62 LBN 196.79-03.15 HII 06 10 12.5179825916 +12 48 48.261812212   16.65 15.79     ~ 65 0
63 IRAS 06155+2319A HII 06 18 35.2 +23 18 11           ~ 28 0
64 IC 446 Cl* 06 31 02.3 +10 26 06           ~ 63 1
65 V* VY Mon Ae* 06 31 06.9271406952 +10 26 04.952351076 16.65 15.45 13.70 12.49 11.00 A5:Vep 97 0
66 NGC 2244 OpC 06 32 06.9 +04 54 19           ~ 673 1
67 HD 46223 Y*O 06 32 09.3068103600 +04 49 24.705695568 6.73 7.50 7.28 6.95 6.79 O4V((f)) 406 0
68 IRAS 06308+0402 Y*O 06 33 31.1 +04 00 07           ~ 48 1
69 NGC 2264 OpC 06 40 53.7 +09 52 32           ~ 1876 0
70 * 15 Mon Be* 06 40 58.65963 +09 53 44.7229 3.360 4.45 4.68   4.88 O7V+B1.5/2V 823 0
71 LS VI +00 25 SB* 06 48 50.4782168304 +00 22 37.694028216 10.91 11.361 10.884 10.783   O7 15 0
72 Cl Bochum 2 OpC 06 48 54 +00 23.0   10.24 9.7     ~ 39 0
73 HD 52266 SB* 07 00 21.0763468632 -05 49 35.954203044 6.32 7.22 7.23     O9.5IIIn 125 0
74 IRAS 06584-0852 Y*O 07 00 50.94192 -08 56 30.1812           ~ 37 0
75 HD 52533 SB* 07 01 27.0486333888 -03 07 03.286283952 6.66 7.57 7.68     O8.5IVn 123 0
76 [YDD2008] 294 * 07 16 26.794 -09 25 27.66     23.28 21.70 19.81 B0.5V 2 0
77 LBN 1032 HII 07 16 35 -09 25.7           ~ 37 0
78 NGC 2362 OpC 07 18 41.9 -24 57 08           ~ 428 0
79 HD 57682 * 07 22 02.0546074728 -08 58 45.766323408 5.20 6.24 6.43     O9.2IV 275 0
80 NGC 2384 OpC 07 25 10 -21 01.3   7.47 7.4     ~ 80 0
81 HD 58509 * 07 25 12.2814235464 -21 01 26.268867156 7.78 8.61 8.62 9.39   B2III/IV 60 0
82 Ass Vel OB 2 As* 08 09 22.478 -47 21 03.46           ~ 307 0
83 * gam02 Vel WR* 08 09 31.95013 -47 20 11.7108 0.64 1.58 1.83 1.85 2.00 WC8+O7.5III-V 951 0
84 RCW 38 SFR 08 59 05.50 -47 30 39.4           ~ 327 2
85 [FP74] RCW 38 IRS 2 Y*O 08 59 05.6555109888 -47 30 40.941723780       14.05 11.20 O5.5V 29 1
86 Cl Pismis 11 OpC 09 15 53.6 -50 00 26           ~ 38 1
87 HD 80077 s*b 09 15 54.7869062472 -49 58 24.575734452 10.50 10.29 9.00 7.89   B2.5Ia+ 156 0
88 Cl Alicante 5 Cl* 09 16 23.0 -49 42 56           ~ 3 0
89 Cl* Alicante 5 A 47 * 09 16 29.7021214776 -49 42 49.277053908 14.627 14.463 13.259     B0.7V 3 0
90 [FSR2007] 1530 OpC 10 08 53.4 -57 17 28           ~ 20 0
91 [M81] I-296 Em* 10 08 58.3231512021 -57 17 32.071974796           ~ 5 0
92 V* V712 Car EB* 10 23 58.0126366512 -57 45 48.937268268 15.466 15.473 13.5 12.6   O3If*/WN6+O3If*/WN6 176 0
93 Cl Westerlund 2 OpC 10 23 58.1 -57 45 49           ~ 400 0
94 [DBS2003] 48 OpC 10 31 29 -58 02.0           ~ 12 0
95 Cl Trumpler 14 OpC 10 43 56.0 -59 33 07   5.70 5.5     ~ 547 0
96 HD 93129 ** 10 43 57.462360 -59 32 51.27000 6.26 7.840 7.884 7.839   O2If*+O3.5V((f)) 208 1
97 V* V560 Car SB* 10 44 33.7393258944 -59 44 15.434446956 6.89 7.80 7.75 7.56 7.46 O3.5V((f))+O8V 314 0
98 Cl Trumpler 16 OpC 10 45 01.9 -59 42 00           ~ 510 0
99 * eta Car s*b 10 45 03.545808 -59 41 03.95124 6.37 7.03 6.48 6.123 4.41 LBV 2543 0
100 V* V662 Car EB* 10 45 36.3215655240 -59 48 23.261257368 12.74 12.91 12.05 12.10   O5Vz+B0:V 54 0
101 HD 96675 Or* 11 05 57.8105960448 -76 07 48.884316960   7.82 7.68   8.48 B5V 88 0
102 NAME Cha 1 MoC 11 06 48 -77 18.0           ~ 1266 1
103 NGC 3603 OpC 11 14 57.9 -61 14 32           ~ 1136 1
104 Cl* NGC 3603 BLW A1 WR* 11 15 07.31 -61 15 38.4   12.32 11.18     WN6h 73 0
105 Cl* NGC 3603 MDS B WR* 11 15 07.4080492426 -61 15 38.613880686   12.34 11.33     WN6h 44 0
106 HD 115454 * 13 18 23.0739360072 -59 45 13.572727380   10.47 10.40     B9III/IV 14 0
107 Cl Stock 16 OpC 13 19 26.4 -62 37 19           ~ 95 0
108 RCW 95 HII 15 43.5 -53 56           ~ 11 0
109 GAL 332.80-00.60 HII 16 19 47 -51 04.1           ~ 103 1
110 * rho Oph ** 16 25 35.11766 -23 26 49.8150 4.30 4.85 4.63 4.27 3.96 B2IV+B2V 670 0
111 NAME Ophiuchus Molecular Cloud SFR 16 28 06 -24 32.5           ~ 3969 1
112 Cl Westerlund 1 OpC 16 47 02.4 -45 51 07           ~ 655 1
113 HD 152248 Y*O 16 54 10.0618206816 -41 49 30.139291596 5.56 6.15 6.088     O7Iabf+O7Ib(f) 270 0
114 NGC 6231 OpC 16 54 14.4 -41 48 53           ~ 562 0
115 HD 152408 WR* 16 54 58.5051071856 -41 09 03.093075612 5.17 5.92 5.77 7.00   O8Iape 388 0
116 Cl Trumpler 24 OpC 16 57 00 -40 40.0     8.6     ~ 74 0
117 CD-42 11721 Be* 16 59 06.7629322176 -42 42 08.404228224 12.16 12.28 11.00     B0IVe 179 0
118 [DBS2003] 113 Cl* 17 00 35.5 -40 33 31           ~ 39 0
119 HD 153426 * 17 01 13.0078001616 -38 12 11.886304536 6.79 7.61 7.47 8.49   O8.5III 104 0
120 [BIH2008] obj4 * 17 11 31.890 -39 10 47.15           Ofpe/WN9 3 0
121 [DBS2003] 179 OpC 17 11 32.0 -39 10 38           ~ 41 0
122 SH 2-4 HII 17 18 23.9 -39 19 10           ~ 85 4
123 HD 319718 ** 17 24 43.490 -34 11 57.03 12.28 11.94 10.44 10.05   O3.5If* 92 0
124 NGC 6357 OpC 17 24 44 -34 12.2           ~ 303 0
125 NGC 6383 OpC 17 34 41.6 -32 34 27           ~ 168 0
126 HD 159176 Be* 17 34 42.4921337376 -32 34 53.995451196 4.88 5.74 5.70 7.19   O7V 261 0
127 NAME Arches Cluster Cl* 17 45 50.5 -28 49 28           ~ 792 0
128 WR 102al WR* 17 45 50.58 -28 49 17.2           WN7-8 27 0
129 [FMM95] 3 s*b 17 46 15.240 -28 50 03.58           LBV 151 1
130 NGC 6530 OpC 18 04 31 -24 21.5           ~ 443 0
131 HD 165052 SB* 18 05 10.5506592816 -24 23 54.847798080 6.16 6.98 6.87 7.77   O6.5V((f))z 282 1
132 HD 165319 * 18 05 58.8359515224 -14 11 52.998222768 8.15 8.63 8.04 7.50 7.00 O9.7Ib 86 1
133 NAME 1806-20 Star Cluster OpC 18 08 39.0 -20 24 39           ~ 35 1
134 PSR J1808-2024 Psr 18 08 39.32 -20 24 40.1           ~ 1316 2
135 [KMN95] Star A s*b 18 08 40.312 -20 24 41.14           LBV 43 3
136 HD 168076 Y*O 18 18 36.4205083536 -13 48 02.420915796 8.12 8.72 8.25 7.62 7.21 O4III(f) 209 0
137 M 16 OpC 18 18 45.1 -13 47 31           ~ 1084 1
138 AGAL G014.891-00.404 Y*O 18 19 07.4495 -16 11 34.047           ~ 42 0
139 EM* MWC 297 Ae* 18 27 39.5265500160 -03 49 52.133050776 15.57 14.34 12.31 11.34   B1.5Ve 315 0
140 NAME MWC 297 Stellar Group Cl* 18 27 40 -03 49.9           ~ 14 0
141 V* VV Ser Ae* 18 28 47.8620017808 +00 08 39.923474964 12.99 12.63 11.80 11.01 10.24 A5Ve 262 0
142 NAME HBC 282 IR Stellar Group Cl* 18 28 49 +00 08.7           ~ 2 0
143 NAME Serpens SVS 2 Cluster Cl* 18 29 56.8 +01 14 46           ~ 10 0
144 HD 170545 Y*O 18 29 57.66 +01 10 53.6           B9V 17 0
145 HD 170545A Or* 18 29 57.6615650088 +01 10 53.561414136   8.617 8.470 8.96   A1-A3Ve 18 0
146 NAME W 40 IRS 2a * 18 31 23.9744924952 -02 05 29.491630944           ~ 14 1
147 NAME W 40 Cluster Cl* 18 31 25 -02 05.8           ~ 10 2
148 V* R CrA Ae* 19 01 53.6764322232 -36 57 08.299341828 12.781 12.651 11.917 11.242 10.412 B5IIIpe 499 2
149 NAME Coronet Cluster Cl* 19 01 54 -36 57.2           ~ 106 1
150 Mol 103 Rad 19 23 37.0 +17 28 59           ~ 9 0
151 HD 344784 * 19 43 10.9730324664 +23 17 45.364272000 9.38 9.86 9.37 9.378   O6.5V((f)) 100 0
152 NGC 6823 OpC 19 43 11.3 +23 18 32   7.71 7.1     ~ 279 2
153 HD 193595 * 20 19 31.3267230384 +39 03 26.230564836 8.5 9.08 8.78     O7V((f)) 64 0
154 Cl Berkeley 86 OpC 20 20 20.6 +38 42 15           ~ 130 0
155 BD+40 4124 Ae* 20 20 28.2413946720 +41 21 51.529070088 11.11 11.36 10.62 10.510   B2Ve 303 0
156 NAME BD+40 4124 Cluster Cl* 20 20 29 +41 21.3           ~ 5 0
157 HD 195592 s*b 20 30 34.9690901208 +44 18 54.859533372 7.75 7.95 7.08 6.29 5.60 O9.7Ia 221 1
158 Schulte 12 s*b 20 32 40.9572199728 +41 14 29.279036940 16.1 14.45 11.702     B3-4Ia+ 453 0
159 Ass Cyg OB 2 As* 20 33.2 +41 19           ~ 1023 0
160 SH 2-128 HII 21 32 09.9 +55 52 53           ~ 173 1
161 BD+65 1637 Ae* 21 42 50.1798725784 +66 06 35.186616864 10.21 10.56 10.53 10.29   B3IV-Vne 168 1
162 NGC 7129 OpC 21 43 01.1 +66 07 04     11.5     ~ 271 0
163 BD+46 3474 ** 21 53 28.849152 +47 15 59.78412 10.27 10.374 9.632 9.416   B1V 59 0
164 IC 5146 OpC 21 53 29.3 +47 14 46           ~ 507 2
165 IRAS 21519+5613 HII 21 53 38.8 +56 27 53           ~ 40 0
166 LBN 102.79-00.92 HII 22 19 09.0 +56 04 45           ~ 109 0
167 IRAS 22172+5549 Y*O 22 19 09.14787 +56 05 00.0380           ~ 105 0
168 HD 215835 SB* 22 46 54.1107754872 +58 05 03.533752788 8.24 8.85 8.629   8.049 O5.5V((f))+O6V((f)) 260 0
169 NGC 7380 OpC 22 47 23.4 +58 06 55           ~ 198 0
170 HD 217086 Y*O 22 56 47.1887590800 +62 43 37.657173900 7.88 8.30 7.66 8.35   O7Vnn((f))z 263 0
171 NAME III CEP ASSOC As* 23 04.2 +63 24           ~ 332 0
172 Mol 160 Rad 23 40 54.5 +61 10 28           ~ 121 0
173 NAME W 5 West Rad ~ ~           ~ 26 0

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