2010MNRAS.401.2113E

Query : 2010MNRAS.401.2113E

2010MNRAS.401.2113E - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 401, 2113-2147 (2010/February-1)

Evidence for strong dynamical evolution in disc galaxies through the last 11 Gyr. GHASP VIII - a local reference sample of rotating disc galaxies for high-redshift studies.

EPINAT B., AMRAM P., BALKOWSKI C. and MARCELIN M.

Abstract (from CDS):

Due to their large distances, high-redshift galaxies are observed at a very low spatial resolution. In order to disentangle the evolution of galaxy kinematics from low-resolution effects, we have used Fabry-Pérot 3D Hα data cubes of 153 nearby isolated galaxies selected from the Gassendi Hα survey of SPirals (GHASP) to simulate data cubes of galaxies at redshift z = 1.7 using a pixel size of 0.125arcsec and a 0.5arcsec seeing. We have derived Hα flux, velocity and velocity dispersion maps. From these data, we show that the inner velocity gradient is lowered and is responsible for a peak in the velocity dispersion map. This signature in the velocity dispersion map can be used to make a kinematical classification, but misses 30 per cent of the regular rotating discs in our sample. Toy models of rotating discs have been built to recover the kinematical parameters and the rotation curves from low-resolution data. The poor resolution makes the kinematical inclination uncertain and the position of galaxy centre difficult to recover. The position angle of the major axis is retrieved with an accuracy higher than 5° for 70 per cent of the sample. Toy models also enable us to retrieve statistically the maximum velocity and the mean velocity dispersion of galaxies with a satisfying accuracy. This validates the use of the Tully-Fisher relation for high-redshift galaxies, but the loss of resolution induces a lower slope of the relation despite the beam smearing corrections. We conclude that the main kinematic parameters are better constrained for galaxies with an optical radius at least as large as three times the seeing. The simulated data have been compared to actual high-redshift galaxy data observed with VLT/SINFONI, Keck/OSIRIS and VLT/GIRAFFE in the redshift range 3 > z > 0.4, allowing us to follow galaxy evolution from 11 to 4Gyr. For rotation-dominated galaxies, we find that the use of the velocity dispersion central peak as a signature of rotating discs may misclassify slow and solid body rotators. This is the case for ∼30 per cent of our sample. We show that the projected local data cannot reproduce the high velocity dispersion observed in high-redshift galaxies except when no beam smearing correction is applied. This unambiguously means that, unlike local evolved galaxies, there exists at high redshift at least a population of disc galaxies for which a large fraction of the dynamical support is due to random motions. We should nevertheless ensure that these features are not due to important selection biases before concluding that the formation of an unstable and transient gaseous disc is a general galaxy formation process.

Abstract Copyright: © 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2009 RAS

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: evolution - galaxies: formation - galaxies: high-redshift - galaxies: irregular - galaxies: kinematics and dynamics - galaxies: spiral

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/MNRAS/401/2113): tableb1.dat tableb2.dat tableb3.dat tableb4.dat tableb5.dat tableb6.dat>

Simbad objects: 164

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Number of rows : 164
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 23 AGN 00 09 53.411 +25 55 25.46   12.5       ~ 331 2
2 NGC 26 GiP 00 10 25.8802950840 +25 49 54.906561264   13.9       ~ 91 1
3 NGC 266 LIN 00 49 47.8149787992 +32 16 39.786194928 12.98 12.54 11.63     ~ 202 1
4 NGC 278 H2G 00 52 04.3452013728 +47 33 01.675026036   10.5       ~ 244 1
5 NGC 428 AGN 01 12 55.709 +00 58 53.69   12.1   12.0 12.1 ~ 247 0
6 NGC 542 GiG 01 26 30.8394126528 +34 40 31.847585556   15.4   14.23   ~ 62 0
7 IC 1727 GiP 01 47 29.890 +27 20 00.06   12.54 11.98 11.77   ~ 216 0
8 NGC 672 GiP 01 47 54.4764771528 +27 25 58.020709728 12.04 11.60 11.09 10.81   ~ 304 0
9 NGC 697 H2G 01 51 17.568 +22 21 28.69   12.7       ~ 130 1
10 NGC 753 GiG 01 57 42.2040241440 +35 54 57.729210264   12.6   11.59   ~ 207 1
11 NGC 828 AGN 02 10 09.5469097104 +39 11 25.233638244   13.0       ~ 171 1
12 NGC 864 H2G 02 15 27.641 +06 00 09.43   12.00       ~ 235 1
13 Z 523-42 AG? 02 26 00.4914058512 +39 28 15.395173428   13.10       ~ 52 0
14 NGC 972 G 02 34 13.3574389680 +29 18 40.604917356   12.1 13.63     ~ 178 2
15 Z 484-14 GiG 02 36 16.152 +25 25 25.75   14.00       ~ 122 0
16 IC 239 GiG 02 36 27.8262034392 +38 58 09.083372052   12.1   12.75   ~ 115 0
17 NGC 1012 AG? 02 39 14.963 +30 09 06.01   13.1       ~ 99 1
18 NGC 1156 GiG 02 59 42.8528847264 +25 14 28.352017320 12.13 12.32 11.74     ~ 323 1
19 MCG+12-04-002 GiG 03 40 02.4557217336 +71 24 21.272144508   16.5       ~ 48 0
20 Z 327-6 H2G 03 48 20.731 +70 07 58.37   14.6       ~ 142 2
21 NGC 1530 AG? 04 23 27.102 +75 17 44.05   13.40       ~ 287 1
22 HCG 31 CGG 05 01 37 -04 15.4           ~ 132 0
23 LEDA 16573 G 05 01 37.832 -04 15 28.48   13.44   12.76   ~ 74 1
24 SDSS J050138.30-041533.9 G 05 01 38.2955322168 -04 15 34.012659996   15.62   14.43   ~ 27 0
25 NGC 1741 EmG 05 01 38.3 -04 15 25   13.7   13.02 13.6 ~ 273 0
26 NGC 1961 LIN 05 42 04.6327819680 +69 22 42.411028872   11.73 10.99     ~ 362 3
27 Z 284-3 AG? 05 59 47.7304649424 +62 09 28.833960888   14.8       ~ 32 0
28 UGC 3384 AG? 06 01 37.00 +73 07 00.0   16.0       ~ 30 0
29 NGC 2146 AGN 06 18 37.710 +78 21 25.27 11.67 11.38 10.59     ~ 765 2
30 IC 2166 AG? 06 26 55.629 +59 04 48.39   12.68 12.01 11.45 10.86 ~ 79 0
31 Z 285-10 GiP 06 53 10.3954201680 +57 10 40.154257452   13.9       ~ 68 0
32 Z 362-27 AG? 06 55 00.1137298776 +84 02 30.510874212   15.5       ~ 29 0
33 Z 362-29 GiG 06 56 10.5388451112 +84 04 44.243607648   14.5       ~ 29 0
34 Z 85-39 AG? 07 08 01.276 +15 10 42.36   13.4       ~ 78 0
35 Z 285-16 GiG 07 09 05.9246956320 +61 35 44.062687680   13.1       ~ 57 0
36 NGC 2341 AG? 07 09 11.893 +20 36 10.21   13.65 12.88     ~ 86 0
37 NGC 2342 AGN 07 09 18.089 +20 38 09.22   12.92 12.15     ~ 132 0
38 NGC 2344 G 07 12 28.6727815248 +47 10 00.302868408   12.99 12.14 11.57 10.80 ~ 97 0
39 NGC 2336 GiP 07 27 04.050 +80 10 41.05   13.46 12.51     ~ 251 0
40 NGC 2276 AG? 07 27 14.485 +85 45 16.20   12.3       ~ 393 0
41 NGC 2366 H2G 07 28 52.4529 +69 12 38.859 12.25 11.86 11.39 11.33   ~ 801 0
42 Z 147-29 LSB 07 29 17.4928012272 +27 54 01.753432596   14.40       ~ 66 0
43 IC 2199 GiG 07 34 55.7188121928 +31 16 34.189138056   13.6       ~ 51 0
44 IC 476 LSB 07 47 16.289 +26 57 03.79   15.5       ~ 26 0
45 NGC 2500 GiG 08 01 53.1717201720 +50 44 13.602483780 11.98 12.20 11.62 11.34 10.85 ~ 215 2
46 NGC 2532 AG? 08 10 15.1864372560 +33 57 23.768999208   12.90       ~ 169 0
47 NGC 2543 GiP 08 12 57.955 +36 15 16.23   12.70       ~ 182 1
48 IC 2233 LSB 08 13 58.909 +45 44 31.74 12.87 13.41 12.63 12.80   ~ 253 1
49 NGC 2541 GiG 08 14 40.1160678912 +49 03 42.021679932 12.03 12.26 11.80     ~ 333 1
50 NGC 2552 EmG 08 19 20.5355420472 +50 00 34.590204468 13.44 13.00 12.56     ~ 284 1
51 Z 237-1 EmG 08 26 04.3889749464 +45 58 03.362401740   13.35       ~ 104 1
52 NGC 2595 H2G 08 27 42.0263359560 +21 28 44.704954668   13.9       ~ 198 0
53 IC 509 EmG 08 32 03.5000114088 +24 00 39.206956464   14.60       ~ 77 0
54 Z 263-63 GiP 08 37 41.489 +51 39 08.58   13.50       ~ 149 1
55 NGC 2649 AG? 08 44 08.2654636584 +34 43 02.218776276   13.10       ~ 90 0
56 NGC 2746 LIN 09 05 59.4452800488 +35 22 38.580407616   14.40       ~ 64 0
57 NGC 2775 AG? 09 10 20.1334093488 +07 02 16.874157048   11.417 10.481 9.920 8.994 ~ 377 0
58 NGC 2805 GiP 09 20 20.3891233968 +64 06 10.716485004   11.9       ~ 226 1
59 Z 238-60 LIN 09 28 10.0332636984 +44 39 53.131418892   14.3       ~ 40 0
60 NGC 2977 GiG 09 43 46.8001766280 +74 51 34.858325196   12.70       ~ 67 0
61 Z 7-31 GiG 09 46 03.651 +01 40 05.96   13.6   13.4 13.3 ~ 83 0
62 NGC 3003 EmG 09 48 35.580 +33 25 17.83   12.3       ~ 225 0
63 NGC 2985 Sy2 09 50 22.233 +72 16 43.13   11.37 10.61     ~ 269 1
64 NGC 3026 GiP 09 50 55.309 +28 33 04.25   13.80       ~ 102 0
65 NGC 3027 AG? 09 55 40.631 +72 12 12.84   12.3       ~ 121 0
66 NGC 3061 AG? 09 56 11.9755289232 +75 51 59.063857380   13.90       ~ 72 0
67 NGC 3067 GiG 09 58 21.0726714528 +32 22 12.012636108   12.7       ~ 255 1
68 NGC 3104 AG? 10 03 57.185 +40 45 41.43   14.2       ~ 142 0
69 IC 2542 EmG 10 07 50.5274876376 +34 18 55.224841176   14.60       ~ 47 0
70 NGC 3162 GiG 10 13 31.5928405755 +22 44 15.161785167   12.2       ~ 149 0
71 NGC 3147 Sy2 10 16 53.6388580752 +73 24 02.641798224   11.43 10.61     ~ 533 2
72 NGC 3187 GiP 10 17 47.8703571264 +21 52 23.984065272 13.71 13.91 13.44 14.06   ~ 166 1
73 NGC 3310 AGN 10 38 45.85707 +53 30 11.8940   12.45 12.15     ~ 809 1
74 NGC 3319 SyG 10 39 09.533 +41 41 12.74   11.48 11.07     ~ 325 1
75 NGC 3346 EmG 10 43 38.9309584368 +14 52 18.437883960   12.80       ~ 192 0
76 NGC 3395 GiG 10 49 50.1160141680 +32 58 58.421838360   12.1 12.10     ~ 292 1
77 NGC 3396 GiP 10 49 55.939 +32 59 26.44   12.6 12.50     ~ 214 1
78 NGC 3430 GiP 10 52 11.3923421616 +32 57 01.545623100   12.2       ~ 235 0
79 NGC 3504 LIN 11 03 11.19147 +27 58 20.7660   13.48 12.93     ~ 545 2
80 NGC 3596 H2G 11 15 06.2081129496 +14 47 13.284196332   12.01 11.49 10.99 10.45 ~ 226 0
81 NGC 3664 GiP 11 24 24.258 +03 19 29.95   13.6       ~ 129 0
82 NGC 3719 G 11 32 13.4583721368 +00 49 09.507252324   13.5   13.4 13.2 ~ 84 0
83 NGC 3720 GiP 11 32 21.5955988704 +00 48 14.526320220   13.7   12.954   ~ 89 0
84 NGC 3726 G 11 33 21.1367545656 +47 01 45.280222428   11.11   10.02   ~ 374 0
85 Z 242-72 AG? 11 40 05.7497793984 +45 56 31.750795896   14.6       ~ 87 0
86 NGC 3840 EmG 11 43 58.9639501800 +20 04 37.309753452 14.87 14.89 13.84 13.58   ~ 131 1
87 NGC 3893 GiG 11 48 38.207 +48 42 38.84   11.23 10.67     ~ 391 1
88 NGC 4045 AGN 12 02 42.2505701136 +01 58 36.362990064   13.144   16.938 12.1 ~ 209 1
89 NGC 4062 EmG 12 04 03.8090248584 +31 53 44.489664636   11.90 11.21 10.62 10.03 ~ 283 0
90 NGC 4145 GiP 12 10 01.52353 +39 53 01.9030           ~ 168 1
91 NGC 4228 SBG 12 15 39.174 +36 19 36.80 10.63 10.30 9.93 9.74   ~ 1017 1
92 NGC 4242 GiG 12 17 30.1835103480 +45 37 09.508940220   11.37 10.83     ~ 285 1
93 Z 188-7 LSB 12 32 48.003 +37 37 18.49   13.40       ~ 124 0
94 NGC 4605 GiG 12 39 59.2837284936 +61 36 32.822365392   10.94   10.35   ~ 347 2
95 NGC 4618 GiP 12 41 32.8976471760 +41 09 03.185175528 11.03 11.22 10.78     ~ 344 2
96 NGC 4635 EmG 12 42 39.2394453696 +19 56 43.029692988   13.597 12.995 12.571 12.082 ~ 129 0
97 NGC 4651 LIN 12 43 42.6376070448 +16 23 36.002649300   11.30 10.92 10.42 9.84 ~ 537 0
98 NGC 4713 GiG 12 49 57.8802780576 +05 18 40.933127196   12.3       ~ 320 1
99 NGC 5112 GiP 13 21 56.4456124272 +38 44 04.107988140   12.5       ~ 162 0
100 NGC 5204 LSB 13 29 36.508 +58 25 07.43   11.84   11.37   ~ 494 0
101 NGC 5296 GiP 13 46 18.6480301296 +43 51 04.765848516   15.0       ~ 62 0
102 NGC 5297 GiP 13 46 23.694 +43 52 19.34   12.3       ~ 181 0
103 NGC 5376 LIN 13 55 16.0377831672 +59 30 23.912235072   12.9       ~ 107 0
104 NGC 5377 AGN 13 56 16.6722507720 +47 14 08.568249072   12.39 11.46 10.87 10.25 ~ 244 1
105 NGC 5394 H2G 13 58 33.6405096192 +37 27 12.732147036   13.7 13.12     ~ 215 2
106 APG 84 IG 13 58 34.30 +37 27 10.9           ~ 147 0
107 NGC 5395 Sy2 13 58 37.9605982608 +37 25 28.161627744   13.26 12.48     ~ 225 1
108 NGC 5430 AGN 14 00 45.820 +59 19 43.14   12.7       ~ 261 1
109 NGC 5474 GiP 14 05 01.608 +53 39 43.95   11.28 10.79     ~ 475 1
110 NGC 5585 GiG 14 19 48.204 +56 43 44.58   11.73 11.216 11.12 10.123 ~ 455 0
111 NGC 5608 AG? 14 23 18.734 +41 46 36.60   13.96   13.23   ~ 81 0
112 NGC 5622 AGN 14 26 12.195 +48 33 50.31   14.105 13.440 12.948 12.412 ~ 92 0
113 NGC 5678 SyG 14 32 05.5700264952 +57 55 17.155392060   12.10       ~ 240 1
114 NGC 5676 GiG 14 32 46.853 +49 27 28.11   11.7       ~ 265 1
115 NGC 5668 AG? 14 33 24.3419973936 +04 27 01.650790800   12.7       ~ 226 0
116 NGC 5693 GiP 14 36 11.151 +48 35 04.31   14.5       ~ 83 0
117 NGC 5727 EmG 14 40 26.104 +33 59 20.75   14.20       ~ 66 2
118 NGC 5774 GiP 14 53 42.46224 +03 34 56.9532   13.9 12.94     ~ 168 1
119 NGC 5832 AG? 14 57 45.90 +71 40 53.5 13.43 12.80 12.26 11.96   ~ 125 1
120 NGC 5874 GiG 15 07 51.820 +54 45 10.08   14.1       ~ 98 0
121 NGC 5879 AGN 15 09 46.7271710112 +57 00 00.538947900   11.9       ~ 262 0
122 Z 222-10 GiG 15 26 41.4714937176 +40 33 52.666246152   14.0       ~ 101 0
123 NGC 5970 GiP 15 38 29.9475459984 +12 11 11.681818188   12.2       ~ 182 0
124 NGC 5985 SyG 15 39 37.0545742176 +59 19 55.216886664   15.24 14.22     ~ 267 0
125 NGC 6015 AG? 15 51 25.2376583904 +62 18 36.233118396   11.69 11.14 10.61 10.08 ~ 254 0
126 Z 251-4 AG? 16 16 17.9000468088 +47 02 43.128874644   14.9       ~ 151 0
127 NGC 6140 AG? 16 20 58.162 +65 23 25.98   12.6       ~ 122 0
128 NGC 6217 AGN 16 32 39.2100852960 +78 11 53.487076092   14.37 13.88     ~ 320 0
129 Z 168-21 SBG 16 33 47.1783414768 +28 59 01.521191184   13.30 13.96     ~ 140 1
130 Z 339-14 AG? 16 37 37.650 +72 22 29.31   13.1       ~ 41 0
131 NGC 6207 GiC 16 43 03.750 +36 49 56.73   12.189 11.651 11.240 10.691 ~ 258 0
132 NGC 6236 AG? 16 44 34.698 +70 46 48.96   12.7       ~ 79 0
133 NGC 6248 AG? 16 46 22.84 +70 21 18.2   14.1       ~ 67 0
134 Z 339-27 AGN 17 04 33.8764758600 +72 26 47.985418140   14.00       ~ 69 1
135 IC 1251 GiP 17 10 13.228 +72 24 38.65   14.23       ~ 55 1
136 NGC 6412 GiG 17 29 37.522 +75 42 15.59   12.40       ~ 155 0
137 NGC 6503 LIN 17 49 26.4207792072 +70 08 39.604132176 11.56 10.95 10.28 9.92   ~ 551 1
138 Z 200-5 LSB 18 07 27.63 +35 33 51.1   13.9       ~ 40 1
139 NGC 6643 AG? 18 19 46.370 +74 34 06.23   11.80       ~ 320 1
140 NGC 6667 AG? 18 30 39.81453 +67 59 13.3910   13.7       ~ 63 0
141 IC 1291 LSB 18 33 52.573 +49 16 42.86   14.2       ~ 52 1
142 MCG+08-34-005 G 18 34 00.6 +49 22 19   16       ~ 11 0
143 NGC 6689 AG? 18 34 50.244 +70 31 26.00   12.60       ~ 128 0
144 NGC 6654A GiG 18 39 24.94 +73 34 47.1   13.6       ~ 35 0
145 NGC 6764 LIN 19 08 16.4036066688 +50 55 59.519979084   15.00 14.32     ~ 307 1
146 NGC 6792 AG? 19 20 57.394 +43 07 56.57   13.4       ~ 55 0
147 Z 257-8 AG? 19 42 58.752 +45 17 54.01   13.5       ~ 57 1
148 UGC 11496 AG? 19 53 02.03 +67 39 54.0   17       ~ 14 0
149 Z 304-5 LSB 20 24 00.6851855760 +60 11 41.414285040   14.5       ~ 77 0
150 Z 471-1 AG? 21 14 31.75 +26 44 04.5   15.6       ~ 64 0
151 Z 493-13 AG? 21 55 59.3494136184 +27 53 54.073166136   15.0       ~ 54 0
152 Z 343-3 AG? 21 56 24.148 +73 15 39.33   15.2       ~ 102 0
153 NGC 7177 LIN 22 00 41.250 +17 44 17.22   12.2       ~ 204 1
154 Z 545-2 GiG 22 06 16.2064104456 +47 15 04.081666428   13.3       ~ 47 0
155 NGC 7217 LIN 22 07 52.3984675584 +31 21 33.632293572   12.94 11.92     ~ 511 0
156 NGC 7231 GiG 22 12 30.117 +45 19 42.43   14.0       ~ 59 0
157 Z 514-45 GiG 22 30 33.98 +33 49 10.8   15.5       ~ 73 0
158 NGC 7440 GiG 22 58 32.5503898248 +35 48 08.730808272   14.6       ~ 52 1
159 NGC 7479 Sy2 23 04 56.6432243448 +12 19 22.357387020 11.74 11.60 10.85 10.47 9.66 ~ 783 2
160 NGC 7538 OpC 23 13 37 +61 30.0           ~ 920 1
161 NGC 7741 GiP 23 43 54.375 +26 04 32.07 11.70 11.84 11.31     ~ 303 1
162 [ESS2003] Q2343-BX610 G 23 46 09.43 +12 49 19.2           ~ 57 0
163 NAME BzK 15504 G ~ ~           ~ 25 0
164 NAME 1E 0657-56 Arc+Core Galaxy LeG ~ ~           ~ 10 0

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