2011AJ....141...43P

Query : 2011AJ....141...43P

2011AJ....141...43P - Astron. J., 141, 43 (2011/February-0)

A statistical study of dust properties in Large Magellanic Cloud molecular clouds.

PARADIS D., REACH W.T., BERNARD J.-P., MADDEN S., DOBASHI K., MEIXNER M., ONISHI T., KAWAMURA A. and FUKUI Y.

Abstract (from CDS):

The objective of this paper is to construct a catalog providing the dust properties and the star formation efficiency (SFE) of the molecular clouds in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). We use the infrared (IR) data obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope as part of the "Surveying the Agents of a Galaxy's Evolution" Legacy survey as well as the IRAS data. We also work with extinction (Av) maps of the LMC. A total of 272 molecular clouds have been detected in the LMC in a previous molecular survey, accounting for 230 giant molecular clouds (GMCs) and 42 smaller clouds. We perform correlations between the IR emission/extinction and atomic and molecular gas tracers. We compare the atomic gas that surrounds the molecular cloud with the molecular gas in the cloud. Using a dust emission model, we derive the physical properties of dust inside and outside the molecular clouds, such as the equilibrium temperature, composition, emissivity, and extinction. We also determine the luminosity of the interstellar radiation field (ISRF) intercepted by the cloud and the total IR luminosity from dust emission. The ratio of the IR luminosity to the gas mass traced by CO is used as an indicator of the SFE. Statistically, we do not find any significant difference in the dust properties between the atomic and the molecular phases. In particular, we do not find evidence for a systematic decrease of the dust temperature in the molecular phase, with respect to the surrounding, presumably atomic gas. This is probably because GMCs are the sites of star formation, which heat the dust, while the smallest clouds are unresolved. The ratio between the infrared luminosity and the cloud mass (L DustTOT/Mgas) does not seem to correlate with Mgas. The highest value of the ratio we derived is 18.1 L☉ M–1 ☉ in the 30 Doradus region, which is known to be the most prominent star formation region of the LMC, while the most likely value is 0.5 and is representative of quiescent clouds. We provide a prescription to associate the various stages of star formation with its L DustTOT/Mgas.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): dust, extinction - infrared: ISM - ISM: abundances - ISM: clouds - Magellanic Clouds

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/AJ/141/43): table1.dat table2.dat table3.dat table4.dat table5.dat table7.dat>

Simbad objects: 194

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Number of rows : 194
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 12317 1
2 NAME Magellanic Clouds GrG 03 00 -71.0           ~ 7988 0
3 NAME Per Arm PoG 03 30 +45.0           ~ 1672 0
4 [FKM2008] LMC N J0447-6728 MoC 04 47 18.3 -67 28 47           ~ 4 0
5 [FKM2008] LMC N J0447-6713 MoC 04 47 35.9 -67 13 44           ~ 5 0
6 [FKM2008] LMC N J0448-6920 MoC 04 48 40.8 -69 20 41           ~ 3 0
7 [FKM2008] 4 MoC 04 49 12.4 -69 10 21           ~ 4 0
8 [FKM2008] LMC N J0449-6826 MoC 04 49 24.2 -68 26 50           ~ 5 0
9 [FKM2008] LMC N J0449-6806 MoC 04 49 25.0 -68 06 39           ~ 3 0
10 [FKM2008] 9 MoC 04 50 25.4 -69 30 47           ~ 4 0
11 [FKM2008] 11 MoC 04 51 06.0 -68 58 21           ~ 4 0
12 [FKM2008] LMC N J0451-6922 MoC 04 51 59.6 -69 22 57           ~ 4 0
13 [FKM2008] LMC N J0453-6909 MoC 04 53 44.3 -69 09 22           ~ 5 0
14 [FKM2008] 18 MoC 04 53 52.5 -69 19 14           ~ 3 0
15 [FKM2008] LMC N J0454-6644 MoC 04 54 11.7 -66 44 47           ~ 4 0
16 [FKM2008] LMC N J0454-6755 MoC 04 54 22.6 -67 55 17           ~ 3 0
17 [FKM2008] LMC N J0454-6929 MoC 04 54 26.8 -69 29 03           ~ 3 0
18 [FKM2008] LMC N J0455-6634 MoC 04 55 49.8 -66 34 17           ~ 6 0
19 [FKM2008] LMC N J0457-6910 MoC 04 57 01.8 -69 10 54           ~ 3 0
20 [FKM2008] LMC N J0457-6844 MoC 04 57 09.7 -68 44 21           ~ 4 0
21 [FKM2008] LMC N J0457-6826 MoC 04 57 13.2 -68 26 08           ~ 4 0
22 [FKM2008] LMC N J0457-6856 MoC 04 57 15.3 -68 56 16           ~ 3 0
23 [FKM2008] LMC N J0457-6702 MoC 04 57 20.1 -67 02 08           ~ 3 0
24 [FKM2008] LMC N J0458-7022 MoC 04 58 12.3 -70 22 06           ~ 3 0
25 [FKM2008] LMC N J0500-6807 MoC 05 00 36.9 -68 07 43           ~ 3 0
26 [FKM2008] LMC N J0500-6622 MoC 05 00 47.1 -66 22 21           ~ 4 0
27 [FKM2008] LMC N J0501-6804 MoC 05 01 44.0 -68 04 25           ~ 3 0
28 [FKM2008] LMC N J0502-6903 MoC 05 02 21.8 -69 03 26           ~ 4 0
29 [FKM2008] LMC N J0503-6553 MoC 05 03 11.5 -65 53 57           ~ 4 0
30 [FKM2008] LMC N J0503-6643 MoC 05 03 36.8 -66 43 15           ~ 4 0
31 [FKM2008] LMC N J0503-6711 MoC 05 03 41.0 -67 11 13           ~ 3 0
32 [FKM2008] LMC N J0503-6719 MoC 05 03 49.9 -67 19 48           ~ 5 0
33 [FKM2008] LMC N J0504-6802 MoC 05 04 22.4 -68 02 23           ~ 4 0
34 [FKM2008] LMC N J0504-6639 MoC 05 04 40.7 -66 39 56           ~ 3 0
35 [FKM2008] LMC N J0504-7007 MoC 05 04 42.1 -70 07 35           ~ 4 0
36 [FKM2008] LMC N J0505-6650 MoC 05 05 03.7 -66 50 59           ~ 3 0
37 [FKM2008] LMC N J0506-7010 MoC 05 06 15.7 -70 10 19           ~ 4 0
38 [FKM2008] LMC N J0507-7041 MoC 05 07 12.0 -70 41 46           ~ 4 0
39 [FKM2008] LMC N J0507-6858 MoC 05 07 43.2 -68 58 35           ~ 5 0
40 [FKM2008] LMC N J0508-6923 MoC 05 08 59.1 -69 23 27           ~ 3 0
41 [FKM2008] LMC N J0509-6844 MoC 05 09 00.1 -68 44 19           ~ 3 0
42 [FKM2008] LMC N J0509-6827 MoC 05 09 04.8 -68 27 25           ~ 4 0
43 [FKM2008] LMC N J0510-6853 MoC 05 10 36.3 -68 53 11           ~ 5 0
44 [FKM2008] LMC N J0510-6706 MoC 05 10 47.6 -67 06 59           ~ 4 0
45 [FKM2008] LMC N J0511-6927 MoC 05 11 11.7 -69 27 02           ~ 4 0
46 [FKM2008] LMC N J0511-7050 MoC 05 11 50.0 -70 50 32           ~ 4 0
47 [FKM2008] LMC N J0512-6746 MoC 05 12 01.8 -67 46 34           ~ 3 0
48 [FKM2008] LMC N J0512-6710 MoC 05 12 09.6 -67 10 08           ~ 4 0
49 [FKM2008] LMC N J0512-6903 MoC 05 12 16.3 -69 03 38           ~ 4 0
50 [FKM2008] LMC N J0512-7028 MoC 05 12 19.6 -70 28 32           ~ 4 0
51 [FKM2008] LMC N J0512-6811 MoC 05 12 45.4 -68 11 22           ~ 3 0
52 [FKM2008] LMC N J0513-6936 MoC 05 13 07.2 -69 36 15           ~ 6 0
53 [FKM2008] LMC N J0513-6922 MoC 05 13 22.1 -69 22 31           ~ 5 0
54 [FKM2008] LMC N J0513-6723 MoC 05 13 58.5 -67 23 57           ~ 3 0
55 [FKM2008] LMC N J0514-6847 MoC 05 14 29.9 -68 47 09           ~ 3 0
56 [FKM2008] LMC N J0514-6727 MoC 05 14 31.0 -67 27 07           ~ 3 0
57 [FKM2008] LMC N J0515-7034 MoC 05 15 09.4 -70 34 26           ~ 4 0
58 [FKM2008] LMC N J0515-7002 MoC 05 15 11.0 -70 02 08           ~ 3 0
59 [FKM2008] LMC N J0516-6807 MoC 05 16 11.6 -68 07 14           ~ 7 0
60 [FKM2008] LMC N J0516-6847 MoC 05 16 38.1 -68 47 45           ~ 3 0
61 [FKM2008] LMC N J0516-6922 MoC 05 16 40.3 -69 22 30           ~ 4 0
62 [FKM2008] LMC N J0517-7114 MoC 05 17 21.9 -71 14 24           ~ 4 0
63 [FKM2008] LMC N J0517-6847 MoC 05 17 37.7 -68 47 48           ~ 3 0
64 [FKM2008] LMC N J0517-6915 MoC 05 17 38.1 -69 15 17           ~ 3 0
65 LHA 120-S 24 Em* 05 17 40.356 -66 42 09.22   11.293   11.072   B3III[e] 17 0
66 [FKM2008] LMC N J0517-6932 MoC 05 17 50.8 -69 32 15           ~ 4 0
67 [FKM2008] LMC N J0518-7001 MoC 05 18 13.6 -70 01 45           ~ 4 0
68 [FKM2008] LMC N J0518-6620 MoC 05 18 14.2 -66 20 50           ~ 4 0
69 [FKM2008] LMC N J0518-6951 MoC 05 18 58.0 -69 51 11           ~ 4 0
70 [FKM2008] LMC N J0519-6625 MoC 05 19 08.3 -66 25 26           ~ 4 0
71 [FKM2008] LMC N J0519-6938 MoC 05 19 14.7 -69 38 44           ~ 4 0
72 [FKM2008] LMC N J0519-6908 MoC 05 19 26.5 -69 08 53           ~ 4 0
73 [FKM2008] LMC N J0520-7043 MoC 05 20 02.1 -70 43 52           ~ 4 0
74 [FKM2008] LMC N J0520-6651 MoC 05 20 07.7 -66 51 54           ~ 4 0
75 [FKM2008] LMC N J0520-6832 MoC 05 20 25.7 -68 32 04           ~ 3 0
76 [FKM2008] LMC N J0521-7143 MoC 05 21 04.3 -71 43 44           ~ 4 0
77 [FKM2008] LMC N J0521-7000 MoC 05 21 10.3 -70 00 23           ~ 5 0
78 [FKM2008] LMC N J0521-6841 MoC 05 21 12.5 -68 41 23           ~ 4 0
79 [FKM2008] LMC N J0521-6801 MoC 05 21 32.1 -68 01 45           ~ 3 0
80 [FKM2008] LMC N J0521-6847 MoC 05 21 33.4 -68 47 33           ~ 5 0
81 [FKM2008] LMC N J0521-6948 MoC 05 21 56.3 -69 48 08           ~ 3 0
82 [FKM2008] LMC N J0522-6941 MoC 05 22 08.6 -69 41 19           ~ 4 0
83 [FKM2008] LMC N J0522-7135 MoC 05 22 08.8 -71 35 47           ~ 3 0
84 [FKM2008] LMC N J0522-6828 MoC 05 22 11.6 -68 28 54           ~ 3 0
85 [FKM2008] LMC N J0522-6833 MoC 05 22 28.5 -68 33 44           ~ 3 0
86 [FKM2008] LMC N J0522-6756 MoC 05 22 33.5 -67 56 59           ~ 6 0
87 [FKM2008] LMC N J0522-6541 MoC 05 22 39.9 -65 41 24           ~ 4 0
88 [FKM2008] LMC N J0522-6951 MoC 05 22 47.0 -69 51 06           ~ 3 0
89 [FKM2008] LMC N J0522-6706 MoC 05 22 50.9 -67 07 00           ~ 3 0
90 [FKM2008] LMC N J0523-6820 MoC 05 23 00.9 -68 20 43           ~ 5 0
91 [FKM2008] LMC N J0523-6642 MoC 05 23 05.6 -66 42 23           ~ 5 0
92 [FKM2008] LMC N J0523-6629 MoC 05 23 05.7 -66 29 19           ~ 3 0
93 [FKM2008] LMC N J0523-6706 MoC 05 23 07.0 -67 06 06           ~ 3 0
94 [FKM2008] LMC N J0523-7139 MoC 05 23 22.5 -71 39 09           ~ 4 0
95 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
96 [FKM2008] LMC N J0524-6727 MoC 05 24 19.8 -67 27 25           ~ 4 0
97 [FKM2008] LMC N J0524-7027 MoC 05 24 25.8 -70 27 47           ~ 4 0
98 [FKM2008] LMC N J0524-6826 MoC 05 24 30.5 -68 26 06           ~ 3 0
99 [FKM2008] LMC N J0524-6939 MoC 05 24 34.0 -69 39 42           ~ 4 0
100 [FKM2008] LMC N J0524-6914 MoC 05 24 37.7 -69 14 33           ~ 4 0
101 [FKM2008] LMC N J0524-7134 MoC 05 24 41.1 -71 34 11           ~ 4 0
102 [FKM2008] LMC N J0525-6918 MoC 05 25 36.0 -69 18 16           ~ 5 0
103 [FKM2008] LMC N J0525-6622 MoC 05 25 46.4 -66 22 16           ~ 4 0
104 [FKM2008] LMC N J0525-6555 MoC 05 25 53.8 -65 55 31           ~ 3 0
105 [FKM2008] LMC N J0525-6609 MoC 05 25 55.5 -66 09 30           ~ 5 0
106 [FKM2008] LMC N J0526-6839 MoC 05 26 17.7 -68 39 34           ~ 4 0
107 [FKM2008] LMC N J0526-6742 MoC 05 26 20.4 -67 42 21           ~ 3 0
108 [FKM2008] LMC N J0526-6848 MoC 05 26 27.0 -68 48 19           ~ 5 0
109 [FKM2008] LMC N J0526-6748 MoC 05 26 32.6 -67 48 08           ~ 3 0
110 [FKM2008] LMC N J0526-6552 MoC 05 26 40.6 -65 52 59           ~ 4 0
111 [FKM2008] LMC N J0526-6853 MoC 05 26 55.3 -68 53 53           ~ 3 0
112 [FKM2008] LMC N J0526-7119 MoC 05 26 58.4 -71 19 30           ~ 4 0
113 [FKM2008] LMC N J0527-7028 MoC 05 27 09.9 -70 28 26           ~ 3 0
114 [FKM2008] LMC N J0527-7035 MoC 05 27 25.2 -70 35 08           ~ 4 0
115 [FKM2008] LMC N J0527-7053 MoC 05 27 58.7 -70 53 15           ~ 4 0
116 [FKM2008] LMC N J0528-6725 MoC 05 28 01.4 -67 25 41           ~ 5 0
117 [FKM2008] LMC N J0528-7140 MoC 05 28 12.6 -71 40 17           ~ 3 0
118 [FKM2008] LMC N J0528-6953 MoC 05 28 17.7 -69 53 07           ~ 3 0
119 [FKM2008] LMC N J0529-6830 MoC 05 29 52.9 -68 30 45           ~ 4 0
120 [FKM2008] LMC N J0530-7054 MoC 05 30 26.9 -70 54 16           ~ 3 0
121 [FKM2008] LMC N J0530-6757 MoC 05 30 30.3 -67 57 13           ~ 4 0
122 [FKM2008] LMC N J0531-6830 MoC 05 31.7 -68 34           ~ 13 0
123 [FKM2008] LMC N J0532-6742 MoC 05 32 15.7 -67 42 35           ~ 5 0
124 [FKM2008] LMC N J0532-7056 MoC 05 32 20.3 -70 56 01           ~ 3 0
125 [FKM2008] LMC N J0532-6838 MoC 05 32 20.9 -68 38 22           ~ 5 0
126 [FKM2008] LMC N J0532-6735 MoC 05 32 23.7 -67 36 00           ~ 3 0
127 [FKM2008] LMC N J0532-6626 MoC 05 32 24.7 -66 26 18           ~ 4 0
128 [FKM2008] LMC N J0532-6946 MoC 05 32 32.2 -69 46 08           ~ 3 0
129 [FKM2008] LMC N J0532-6854 MoC 05 32 46.2 -68 54 27           ~ 4 0
130 [FKM2008] LMC N J0532-6730 MoC 05 32 50.2 -67 30 13           ~ 3 0
131 [FKM2008] 156 MoC 05 32 52.20 -71 16 00.0           ~ 6 0
132 [FKM2008] LMC N J0532-6857 MoC 05 32 55.0 -68 57 57           ~ 4 0
133 [FKM2008] LMC N J0533-6819 MoC 05 33 33.5 -68 19 58           ~ 3 0
134 [FKM2008] LMC N J0534-6823 MoC 05 34 16.1 -68 23 31           ~ 3 0
135 [FKM2008] LMC N J0534-6813 MoC 05 34 45.8 -68 13 06           ~ 3 0
136 [FKM2008] LMC N J0535-6730 MoC 05 35 00.3 -67 30 11           ~ 3 0
137 [FKM2008] LMC N J0535-6618 MoC 05 35 10.7 -66 18 11           ~ 4 0
138 [FKM2008] LMC N J0535-6742 MoC 05 35 14.5 -67 42 12           ~ 3 0
139 [FKM2008] LMC N J0535-7045 MoC 05 35 29.7 -70 45 35           ~ 3 0
140 [FKM2008] LMC N J0535-6714 MoC 05 35 38.7 -67 14 14           ~ 3 0
141 [FKM2008] LMC N J0535-6902 MoC 05 35 46.7 -69 02 35           ~ 4 0
142 [FKM2008] LMC N J0536-7043 MoC 05 36 04.5 -70 43 08           ~ 3 0
143 [FKM2008] LMC N J0536-6824 MoC 05 36 26.7 -68 24 01           ~ 3 0
144 [FKM2008] LMC N J0536-6850 MoC 05 36 33.3 -68 50 18           ~ 4 0
145 [FKM2008] LMC N J0537-6651 MoC 05 37 01.3 -66 51 39           ~ 3 0
146 [FKM2008] LMC N J0537-6946 MoC 05 37 11.1 -69 46 45           ~ 3 0
147 [FKM2008] LMC N J0537-6619 MoC 05 37 18.3 -66 19 13           ~ 4 0
148 [FKM2008] LMC N J0537-6626 MoC 05 37 23.1 -66 26 30           ~ 4 0
149 [FKM2008] LMC N J0537-6944 MoC 05 37 33.2 -69 44 31           ~ 3 0
150 [FKM2008] LMC N J0538-7040 MoC 05 38 12.5 -70 40 26           ~ 3 0
151 [FKM2008] LMC N J0538-6934 MoC 05 38 18.6 -69 34 01           ~ 5 0
152 [FKM2008] LMC N J0538-7117 MoC 05 38 25.7 -71 17 44           ~ 3 0
153 [FKM2008] LMC N J0538-7119 MoC 05 38 27.9 -71 19 55           ~ 3 0
154 [FKM2008] LMC N J0538-7017 MoC 05 38 31.5 -70 17 03           ~ 3 0
155 [FKM2008] LMC N J0538-6915 MoC 05 38 40.4 -69 15 43           ~ 3 0
156 RMC 136 Cl* 05 38 42.396 -69 06 03.36   5.81 5.40     ~ 2236 2
157 [FKM2008] LMC N J0538-6854 MoC 05 38 49.2 -68 54 38           ~ 4 0
158 [FKM2008] 186 MoC 05 39 00.20 -69 08 00.0           ~ 7 0
159 [FKM2008] LMC N J0539-6932 MoC 05 39 00.5 -69 32 13           ~ 6 0
160 [FKM2008] LMC N J0539-6918 MoC 05 39 47.3 -69 18 20           ~ 3 0
161 [FKM2008] LMC N J0539-7109 MoC 05 39 49.3 -71 09 50           ~ 4 0
162 [FKM2008] LMC N J0539-7132 MoC 05 39 56.6 -71 32 54           ~ 3 0
163 [FKM2008] LMC N J0540-7008 MoC 05 40 07.2 -70 08 20           ~ 10 0
164 [FKM2008] LMC N J0540-7113 MoC 05 40 26.5 -71 13 01           ~ 3 0
165 [FKM2008] LMC N J0540-6905 MoC 05 40 30.6 -69 05 38           ~ 3 0
166 [FKM2008] LMC N J0540-7100 MoC 05 40 40.4 -71 00 58           ~ 3 0
167 [FKM2008] LMC N J0540-6900 MoC 05 40 41.6 -69 00 56           ~ 3 0
168 [FKM2008] LMC N J0541-7053 MoC 05 41 08.0 -70 53 30           ~ 3 0
169 [FKM2008] LMC N J0541-6815 MoC 05 41 23.6 -68 15 17           ~ 3 0
170 [FKM2008] LMC N J0541-6900 MoC 05 41 41.0 -68 59 08           ~ 3 0
171 [FKM2008] LMC N J0542-6943 MoC 05 42 50.9 -69 43 54           ~ 3 0
172 [FKM2008] LMC N J0542-6944 MoC 05 42 57.1 -69 44 47           ~ 4 0
173 [FKM2008] LMC N J0543-6947 MoC 05 43 06.5 -69 47 21           ~ 4 0
174 [FKM2008] LMC N J0543-6749 MoC 05 43 10.7 -67 49 59           ~ 3 0
175 [FKM2008] LMC N J0543-6757 MoC 05 43 23.8 -67 57 22           ~ 4 0
176 [FKM2008] LMC N J0543-6926 MoC 05 43 35.2 -69 26 31           ~ 4 0
177 [FKM2008] LMC N J0543-7012 MoC 05 43 36.0 -70 12 10           ~ 3 0
178 [FKM2008] LMC N J0543-6754 MoC 05 43 39.3 -67 54 28           ~ 4 0
179 [FKM2008] LMC N J0543-6618 MoC 05 43 42.5 -66 18 49           ~ 3 0
180 [FKM2008] LMC N J0543-7106 MoC 05 43 55.9 -71 06 43           ~ 3 0
181 [FKM2008] LMC N J0543-6726 MoC 05 43 56.2 -67 26 50           ~ 3 0
182 [FKM2008] LMC N J0543-6915 MoC 05 43 57.5 -69 15 49           ~ 4 0
183 [FKM2008] LMC N J0544-6943 MoC 05 44 37.8 -69 43 07           ~ 3 0
184 [FKM2008] LMC N J0544-6718 MoC 05 44 47.2 -67 18 43           ~ 4 0
185 [FKM2008] LMC N J0545-6949 MoC 05 45 27.3 -69 49 34           ~ 4 0
186 [FKM2008] LMC N J0545-6708 MoC 05 45 31.6 -67 08 31           ~ 3 0
187 [FKM2008] LMC N J0546-6937 MoC 05 46 26.7 -69 37 02           ~ 4 0
188 [FKM2008] LMC N J0547-6808 MoC 05 47 18.7 -68 08 07           ~ 4 0
189 [FKM2008] LMC N J0547-6959 MoC 05 47 44.2 -69 59 07           ~ 4 0
190 [FKM2008] LMC N J0547-6953 MoC 05 47 55.1 -69 53 09           ~ 5 0
191 [FKM2008] LMC N J0548-7007 MoC 05 48 18.9 -70 07 02           ~ 3 0
192 [FKM2008] 225 MoC 05 48 35.70 -70 40 00.0           ~ 11 0
193 [FKM2008] LMC N J0550-6827 MoC 05 50 27.3 -68 27 01           ~ 3 0
194 [FKM2008] LMC N J0555-6811 MoC 05 55 45.1 -68 11 57           ~ 4 0

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