2012ApJ...749..175J

Query : 2012ApJ...749..175J

2012ApJ...749..175J - Astrophys. J., 749, 175 (2012/April-3)

Constraints on the formation of the galactic bulge from Na, Al, and heavy-element abundances in Plaut's field.

JOHNSON C.I., RICH R.M., KOBAYASHI C. and FULBRIGHT J.P.

Abstract (from CDS):

We report chemical abundances of Na, Al, Zr, La, Nd, and Eu for 39 red giant branch (RGB) stars and 23 potential inner disk red clump stars located in Plaut's low-extinction window. We also measure lithium for a super Li-rich RGB star. The abundances were determined by spectrum synthesis of high-resolution (R ~ 25,000), high signal-to-noise (S/N ∼ 50-100/pixel) spectra obtained with the Blanco 4 m telescope and Hydra multifiber spectrograph. For the bulge RGB stars, we find a general increase in the [Na/Fe] and [Na/Al] ratios with increasing metallicity, and a similar decrease in [La/Fe] and [Nd/Fe]. Additionally, the [Al/Fe] and [Eu/Fe] abundance trends almost identically follow those of the α-elements, and the [Zr/Fe] ratios exhibit relatively little change with [Fe/H]. The consistently low [La/Eu] ratios of the RGB stars indicate that at least a majority of bulge stars formed rapidly ( ≲ 1 Gyr) and before the main s-process could become a significant pollution source. In contrast, we find that the potential inner disk clump stars exhibit abundance patterns more similar to those of the thin and thick disks. Comparisons between the abundance trends at different bulge locations suggest that the inner and outer bulges formed on similar timescales. However, we find evidence of some abundance differences between the most metal-poor and metal-rich stars in various bulge fields. The data also indicate that the halo may have had a more significant impact on the outer bulge initial composition than the inner bulge composition. The [Na/Fe], and to a lesser extent [La/Fe], abundances further indicate that the metal-poor bulge, at least at ∼1 kpc from the Galactic center, and thick disk may not share an identical chemistry.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): Galaxy: bulge - stars: abundances - stars: Population II

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/749/175): table2.dat table3.dat>

Simbad objects: 65

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Number of rows : 65
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 16269 0
2 NAME Baade Window reg 18 03.5 -30 01           ~ 643 3
3 2MASS J18172965-3402573 RG* 18 17 29.6514958608 -34 02 57.381552708     14.403     ~ 2 0
4 2MASS J18172979-3401118 * 18 17 29.7890924640 -34 01 11.876692080     13.507     ~ 2 0
5 2MASS J18173118-3358318 * 18 17 31.1771071464 -33 58 31.899190476     14.225     ~ 2 0
6 2MASS J18173180-3349197 RG* 18 17 31.8016449600 -33 49 19.744862628     14.328     ~ 2 0
7 2MASS J18173251-3354539 RG* 18 17 32.5179540144 -33 54 54.010749852     14.271     ~ 2 0
8 2MASS J18173554-3405009 RG* 18 17 35.5398956928 -34 05 00.970397232     13.674     ~ 2 0
9 2MASS J18173706-3405569 * 18 17 37.0598054688 -34 05 56.971298004     14.581     ~ 2 0
10 2MASS J18173994-3358331 RG* 18 17 39.9441658512 -33 58 33.188830716     14.774     ~ 2 0
11 2MASS J18174000-3406266 * 18 17 40.0031376480 -34 06 26.714698128     13.254     ~ 2 0
12 2MASS J18174067-3356000 * 18 17 40.6760504256 -33 55 59.989455444     12.582     ~ 2 0
13 2MASS J18174303-3355118 RG* 18 17 43.0387186824 -33 55 11.875671552     14.265     ~ 2 0
14 2MASS J18174304-3357006 RG* 18 17 43.0487606304 -33 57 00.699643908     13.662     ~ 2 0
15 2MASS J18174351-3401412 RG* 18 17 43.5177278040 -34 01 41.221415496     13.879     ~ 2 0
16 2MASS J18174478-3343290 * 18 17 44.7819674040 -33 43 29.031350052     14.047     ~ 2 0
17 2MASS J18174532-3353235 RG* 18 17 45.3298477536 -33 53 23.569406016     13.957 13.63   ~ 12 0
18 2MASS J18174742-3348098 RG* 18 17 47.427 -33 48 09.84     14.710     ~ 3 0
19 2MASS J18174798-3359361 * 18 17 47.9807999328 -33 59 36.116293056     13.733     ~ 2 0
20 2MASS J18174891-3406031 * 18 17 48.9179540952 -34 06 03.164580432     13.505     ~ 2 0
21 2MASS J18174929-3347192 * 18 17 49.3005097320 -33 47 19.272151932     14.046     ~ 2 0
22 2MASS J18174935-3404217 RG* 18 17 49.3525565784 -34 04 21.697173444     13.777     ~ 2 0
23 2MASS J18174941-3353025 RG* 18 17 49.4192041416 -33 53 02.601881952     14.329     ~ 2 0
24 2MASS J18175546-3404103 * 18 17 55.4646739968 -34 04 10.334642520     12.960     ~ 2 0
25 2MASS J18175567-3343063 RG* 18 17 55.6758220920 -33 43 06.362863968     14.123     ~ 2 0
26 2MASS J18175593-3400000 RG* 18 17 55.9349453136 -34 00 00.031547160     14.053     ~ 2 0
27 2MASS J18175652-3347050 RG* 18 17 56.5215417864 -33 47 05.077265784     13.855     ~ 2 0
28 2MASS J18180012-3358096 RG* 18 18 00.1250089392 -33 58 09.689739456     13.848     ~ 2 0
29 2MASS J18180285-3342004 RG* 18 18 02.8544333880 -33 42 00.466517484     14.570     ~ 2 0
30 2MASS J18180301-3405313 RG* 18 18 03.0109805136 -34 05 31.347845736     13.896     ~ 2 0
31 2MASS J18180502-3355071 * 18 18 05.0210455128 -33 55 07.158249516     13.877     ~ 2 0
32 2MASS J18180550-3407117 RG* 18 18 05.5034853216 -34 07 11.822281644     13.963     ~ 2 0
33 2MASS J18180562-3346548 RG* 18 18 05.6303827248 -33 46 54.812767512     14.293     ~ 2 0
34 2MASS J18180831-3405309 RG* 18 18 08.3130156072 -34 05 30.978147948     13.601     ~ 2 0
35 2MASS J18180979-3351416 RG* 18 18 09.7964370720 -33 51 41.662671228     13.107     ~ 2 0
36 2MASS J18180991-3403206 RG* 18 18 09.911 -34 03 20.64     13.839     ~ 2 0
37 2MASS J18181033-3352390 * 18 18 10.3301274240 -33 52 39.122043744     13.787     ~ 2 0
38 2MASS J18181322-3402227 * 18 18 13.2268396176 -34 02 22.738074396     13.350     ~ 2 0
39 2MASS J18181435-3350275 RG* 18 18 14.3515968816 -33 50 27.461052816     13.786     ~ 2 0
40 2MASS J18181512-3353545 RG* 18 18 15.1229512272 -33 53 54.576101400     14.463     ~ 2 0
41 2MASS J18181521-3352294 RG* 18 18 15.2144713032 -33 52 29.439145848     13.533     ~ 2 0
42 2MASS J18181710-3401088 * 18 18 17.1029033544 -34 01 08.862137652     14.395     ~ 3 0
43 2MASS J18181924-3350222 RG* 18 18 19.2448668984 -33 50 22.132937688     14.360     ~ 2 0
44 2MASS J18181929-3404128 RG* 18 18 19.2976764168 -34 04 12.824467608     13.729     ~ 2 0
45 2MASS J18182052-3345251 * 18 18 20.5299375984 -33 45 25.088081040     13.800     ~ 2 0
46 2MASS J18182073-3353250 * 18 18 20.7323172504 -33 53 25.149274800     14.509     ~ 2 0
47 2MASS J18182089-3348425 * 18 18 20.8915666416 -33 48 42.544956348     14.284     ~ 2 0
48 2MASS J18182256-3401248 RG* 18 18 22.5652475040 -34 01 24.835000728     13.265     ~ 2 0
49 2MASS J18182430-3352453 RG* 18 18 24.2983519968 -33 52 45.341772780     13.900     ~ 2 0
50 2MASS J18182457-3344533 * 18 18 24.5743801800 -33 44 53.370371904     14.158     ~ 2 0
51 2MASS J18182470-3342166 RG* 18 18 24.7025394432 -33 42 16.586771580     14.069     ~ 2 0
52 2MASS J18182472-3352044 RG* 18 18 24.7262442672 -33 52 04.411364988     13.858     ~ 2 0
53 2MASS J18182553-3349465 * 18 18 25.5311687520 -33 49 46.551789480     14.281     ~ 3 0
54 2MASS J18182612-3353431 * 18 18 26.1234058296 -33 53 43.149437592     14.319     ~ 2 0
55 2MASS J18182740-3356447 * 18 18 27.4001489952 -33 56 44.708928900     14.387     ~ 2 0
56 2MASS J18182918-3341405 RG* 18 18 29.1809310792 -33 41 40.593223788     13.813     ~ 2 0
57 2MASS J18183098-3358070 * 18 18 30.9789613128 -33 58 07.068195336     13.511     ~ 2 0
58 2MASS J18183369-3352038 * 18 18 33.6984068544 -33 52 03.894133008     13.758     ~ 2 0
59 2MASS J18183521-3344124 RG* 18 18 35.2066440768 -33 44 12.397865136     14.451     ~ 2 0
60 2MASS J18183604-3342349 RG* 18 18 36.0446587776 -33 42 34.898193036     13.431     ~ 2 0
61 [TGB2011] J181836.7979-325145.621 RG* 18 18 36.7924740192 -32 51 45.506299248     14.3     ~ 3 0
62 2MASS J18183802-3355441 RG* 18 18 38.0187592416 -33 55 44.254999992     13.983     ~ 2 0
63 2MASS J18183876-3403092 RG* 18 18 38.7657231288 -34 03 09.195779088     14.120     ~ 2 0
64 2MASS J18183930-3353425 RG* 18 18 39.3018110784 -33 53 42.606114144     14.466     ~ 2 0
65 NAME Galactic Bulge reg ~ ~           ~ 4794 0

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