2012ApJ...750..122B

Query : 2012ApJ...750..122B

2012ApJ...750..122B - Astrophys. J., 750, 122 (2012/May-2)

Gas metallicities in the extended disks of NGC 1512 and NGC 3621. Chemical signatures of metal mixing or enriched gas accretion?

BRESOLIN F., KENNICUTT R.C. and RYAN-WEBER E.

Abstract (from CDS):

We have obtained spectra of 135 H II regions located in the inner and extended disks of the spiral galaxies NGC 1512 and NGC 3621, spanning the range of galactocentric distances 0.2-2xR25(from ∼2-3 kpc to ∼18-25 kpc). We find that the excitation properties of nebulae in the outer (R > R25) disks are similar to those of the inner disks, but on average younger H II regions tend to be selected in the bright inner disks. Reddening by dust is not negligible in the outer disks and subject to significant large-scale spatial variations. For both galaxies, the radial abundance gradient flattens to a constant value outside of the isophotal radius. The outer disk O/H abundance ratio is highly homogeneous, with a scatter of only ∼0.06 dex. In the case of the interacting galaxy NGC 1512 we find a number of H II regions with peculiar metallicity for their radius, a result which can be interpreted by gas flows activated by the gravitational encounter with NGC 1510. Based on the excitation and chemical (N/O ratio) analysis, we find no compelling evidence for variations in the upper initial mass function of ionizing clusters of extended disks. The O/H abundance in the outer disks of the target galaxies corresponds to ∼35% of the solar value (or higher, depending on the metallicity diagnostic). This agrees with our earlier measurements in M83 and NGC 4625, and conflicts with the notion that metallicities in extended disks of spiral galaxies are low and on the order of ∼0.1xZ☉. We show that, in general, the observed metal enrichment cannot be produced with the current level of star formation, even if the latter extends over a Hubble time. We discuss the possibility that metal transport mechanisms from the inner disks lead to metal pollution of the outer disks. Gas accretion from the intergalactic medium, enriched by outflows, offers an alternative solution, justified within the framework of hydrodynamic simulations of galaxy evolution. Specific model predictions of the chemical enrichment and the flat gradients in extended disks of nearby galaxies will be valuable to discriminate between these different scenarios.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: abundances - galaxies: individual (NGC 1512, NGC 3621) - galaxies: ISM

Nomenclature: Table 2: [BKR2012] JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s N=7, Table 5: [BKR2012] NGC1512 NN (Nos 1-62), Table 6: [BKR2012] NGC3621 NN (Nos 1-73).

Simbad objects: 160

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Number of rows : 160
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 300 GiG 00 54 53.4465638304 -37 41 03.168402396 8.83 8.69 8.13 7.46   ~ 1614 2
2 M 33 GiG 01 33 50.8965749232 +30 39 36.630403128 6.17 6.27 5.72     ~ 6226 1
3 M 74 G 01 36 41.7451236624 +15 47 01.107512304 10.52 10.00 9.46 9.16   ~ 1934 1
4 NGC 864 H2G 02 15 27.641 +06 00 09.43   12.00       ~ 235 1
5 NGC 1058 Sy2 02 43 30.0264850248 +37 20 28.782851784   12.29 11.75 10.85   ~ 483 0
6 NAME Magellanic Clouds GrG 03 00 -71.0           ~ 7988 0
7 LP 995-86 Pe* 03 48 22.6125679056 -39 08 37.013680104   13.61 13.15     F 104 0
8 [BKR2012] NGC1512 12 HII 04 03 23.0 -43 19 17           ~ 2 0
9 [BKR2012] NGC1512 19 HII 04 03 23.4 -43 19 59           ~ 2 0
10 [BKR2012] NGC1512 1 HII 04 03 23.9 -43 16 11           ~ 2 0
11 [BKR2012] NGC1512 3 HII 04 03 25.2 -43 18 40           ~ 2 0
12 [BKR2012] NGC1512 46 HII 04 03 27.5 -43 22 19           ~ 1 0
13 NGC 1510 GiP 04 03 32.640 -43 24 00.58 14.23 13.63 13.24 13.09   ~ 201 1
14 [BKR2012] NGC1512 34 HII 04 03 33.4 -43 21 39           ~ 2 0
15 [BKR2012] NGC1512 21 HII 04 03 34.4 -43 20 14           ~ 2 0
16 [BKR2012] NGC1512 7 HII 04 03 35.0 -43 19 06           ~ 2 0
17 [BKR2012] NGC1512 11 HII 04 03 36.2 -43 19 14           ~ 2 0
18 [BKR2012] NGC1512 23 HII 04 03 37.2 -43 20 20           ~ 2 0
19 [BKR2012] NGC1512 33 HII 04 03 37.3 -43 21 26           ~ 2 0
20 [BKR2012] NGC1512 20 HII 04 03 37.5 -43 20 05           ~ 2 0
21 [BKR2012] NGC1512 32 HII 04 03 37.6 -43 21 20           ~ 2 0
22 [BKR2012] NGC1512 35 HII 04 03 37.7 -43 21 42           ~ 2 0
23 [BKR2012] NGC1512 30 HII 04 03 37.8 -43 20 53           ~ 2 0
24 [BKR2012] NGC1512 37 HII 04 03 38.3 -43 21 49           ~ 2 0
25 [BKR2012] NGC1512 43 HII 04 03 38.5 -43 22 06           ~ 2 0
26 [BKR2012] NGC1512 15 HII 04 03 38.6 -43 19 34           ~ 3 0
27 [BKR2012] NGC1512 47 HII 04 03 40.6 -43 22 22           ~ 2 0
28 [BKR2012] NGC1512 49 HII 04 03 41.3 -43 22 33           ~ 2 0
29 [BKR2012] NGC1512 50 HII 04 03 41.9 -43 22 36           ~ 2 0
30 [BKR2012] J040346.00-432244.4 SNR 04 03 46.00 -43 22 44.4           ~ 1 0
31 [BKR2012] NGC1512 53 HII 04 03 46.1 -43 22 59           ~ 2 0
32 [BKR2012] J040346.90-432032.8 SNR 04 03 46.90 -43 20 32.8           ~ 1 0
33 [BKR2012] NGC1512 36 HII 04 03 47.4330961800 -43 21 49.308097968           ~ 2 0
34 [BKR2012] NGC1512 54 HII 04 03 47.7 -43 23 11           ~ 2 0
35 [BKR2012] NGC1512 39 HII 04 03 48.0 -43 21 57           ~ 2 0
36 [BKR2012] NGC1512 44 HII 04 03 48.2 -43 22 11           ~ 2 0
37 [BKR2012] NGC1512 55 HII 04 03 48.6 -43 23 14           ~ 2 0
38 [BKR2012] NGC1512 27 HII 04 03 49.0 -43 20 27           ~ 2 0
39 [BKR2012] NGC1512 28 HII 04 03 50.0 -43 20 29           ~ 2 0
40 [BKR2012] NGC1512 56 HII 04 03 50.1 -43 23 39           ~ 2 0
41 [BKR2012] NGC1512 25 HII 04 03 50.6 -43 20 21           ~ 2 0
42 [BKR2012] NGC1512 38 HII 04 03 50.7 -43 21 50           ~ 2 0
43 [BKR2012] NGC1512 57 HII 04 03 51.7 -43 23 42           ~ 2 0
44 [BKR2012] NGC1512 41 HII 04 03 51.9 -43 22 04           ~ 2 0
45 [BKR2012] NGC1512 2 HII 04 03 52.4 -43 17 03           ~ 2 0
46 [BKR2012] NGC1512 17 HII 04 03 52.5 -43 19 50           ~ 2 0
47 [BKR2012] NGC1512 52 HII 04 03 52.7 -43 22 44           ~ 2 0
48 [BKR2012] NGC1512 16 HII 04 03 53.4 -43 19 47           ~ 2 0
49 [BKR2012] NGC1512 58 HII 04 03 53.7 -43 24 09           ~ 2 0
50 [BKR2012] NGC1512 42 HII 04 03 54.2 -43 22 06           ~ 2 0
51 NGC 1512 GiP 04 03 54.281 -43 20 55.86 11.30 11.43 10.54 10.37   ~ 457 1
52 [BKR2012] NGC1512 59 HII 04 03 54.8 -43 24 17           ~ 2 0
53 [BKR2012] NGC1512 40 HII 04 03 55.2 -43 22 00           ~ 2 0
54 [BKR2012] NGC1512 13 HII 04 03 56.9 -43 19 18           ~ 2 0
55 [BKR2012] NGC1512 60 HII 04 03 57.6 -43 24 28           ~ 2 0
56 [BKR2012] NGC1512 14 HII 04 03 57.9 -43 19 32           ~ 2 0
57 [BKR2012] NGC1512 26 HII 04 03 59.9 -43 20 27           ~ 2 0
58 [BKR2012] NGC1512 22 HII 04 03 59.9 -43 20 17           ~ 2 0
59 [BKR2012] NGC1512 9 HII 04 04 00.4 -43 19 12           ~ 2 0
60 [BKR2012] NGC1512 8 HII 04 04 01.8 -43 19 10           ~ 2 0
61 [BKR2012] NGC1512 4 HII 04 04 01.9 -43 18 59           ~ 2 0
62 [BKR2012] NGC1512 6 HII 04 04 03.1 -43 19 03           ~ 2 0
63 [BKR2012] NGC1512 10 HII 04 04 05.7 -43 19 12           ~ 2 0
64 [BKR2012] NGC1512 5 HII 04 04 29.6 -43 19 01           ~ 1 0
65 [BKR2012] NGC1512 62 HII 04 04 32.8 -43 25 21           ~ 1 0
66 [BKR2012] NGC1512 61 HII 04 04 34.0 -43 24 54           ~ 1 0
67 [BKR2012] NGC1512 18 HII 04 04 34.0 -43 19 56           ~ 1 0
68 [BKR2012] NGC1512 31 HII 04 04 34.4 -43 21 05           ~ 1 0
69 [BKR2012] NGC1512 45 HII 04 04 36.3 -43 22 11           ~ 1 0
70 [BKR2012] NGC1512 48 HII 04 04 36.9 -43 22 25           ~ 1 0
71 [BKR2012] NGC1512 29 HII 04 04 37.5 -43 20 29           ~ 1 0
72 [BKR2012] NGC1512 51 HII 04 04 37.8 -43 22 38           ~ 1 0
73 [BKR2012] NGC1512 24 HII 04 04 37.9 -43 20 20           ~ 1 0
74 M 81 Sy2 09 55 33.1726556496 +69 03 55.062505368   7.89 6.94     ~ 4725 3
75 CD-34 6792 PM* 10 32 13.6185546336 -35 37 41.711776068   12.84 11.84     F:wl: 158 0
76 NGC 3359 EmG 10 46 36.845 +63 13 25.10 10.83 11.03 10.57     ~ 380 1
77 [BKR2012] NGC3621 17 HII 11 17 56.3 -32 44 42           ~ 2 0
78 [BKR2012] NGC3621 16 HII 11 17 57.2 -32 44 17           ~ 2 0
79 [BKR2012] NGC3621 10 HII 11 17 58.4 -32 42 20           ~ 2 0
80 [BKR2012] NGC3621 21 HII 11 18 01.9 -32 45 30           ~ 2 0
81 [BKR2012] NGC3621 14 HII 11 18 02.1 -32 44 06           ~ 2 0
82 [BKR2012] NGC3621 9 HII 11 18 02.2 -32 42 09           ~ 2 0
83 [BKR2012] NGC3621 12 HII 11 18 02.5 -32 42 57           ~ 2 0
84 [BKR2012] NGC3621 8 HII 11 18 02.5 -32 42 03           ~ 2 0
85 [BKR2012] NGC3621 18 HII 11 18 03.4 -32 44 54           ~ 2 0
86 [BKR2012] NGC3621 13 HII 11 18 04.2 -32 43 34           ~ 2 0
87 [BKR2012] NGC3621 11 HII 11 18 04.9 -32 42 30           ~ 2 0
88 [BKR2012] NGC3621 7 HII 11 18 05.5 -32 40 59           ~ 2 0
89 [BKR2012] NGC3621 5 HII 11 18 05.8 -32 40 45           ~ 2 0
90 [BKR2012] NGC3621 4 HII 11 18 05.8 -32 40 29           ~ 2 0
91 [BKR2012] NGC3621 22 HII 11 18 07.0 -32 45 49           ~ 2 0
92 [BKR2012] NGC3621 27 HII 11 18 07.4 -32 46 51           ~ 2 0
93 [BKR2012] NGC3621 26 HII 11 18 07.4 -32 46 40           ~ 2 0
94 [BKR2012] NGC3621 25 HII 11 18 07.4 -32 46 24           ~ 2 0
95 [BKR2012] NGC3621 3 HII 11 18 08.0 -32 40 16           ~ 2 0
96 [BKR2012] NGC3621 15 HII 11 18 08.9 -32 44 07           ~ 2 0
97 [BKR2012] NGC3621 31 HII 11 18 09.1 -32 47 21           ~ 2 0
98 [BKR2012] J111809.39-324320.9 SNR 11 18 09.39 -32 43 20.9           ~ 1 0
99 [BKR2012] NGC3621 28 HII 11 18 09.4 -32 46 55           ~ 2 0
100 [BKR2012] NGC3621 33 HII 11 18 09.6 -32 47 39           ~ 2 0
101 [BKR2012] NGC3621 24 HII 11 18 10.5 -32 46 10           ~ 2 0
102 [BKR2012] NGC3621 35 HII 11 18 10.6 -32 48 02           ~ 2 0
103 [BKR2012] J111812.00-324206.5 Em* 11 18 12.00 -32 42 06.5           ~ 1 0
104 [BKR2012] J111812.02-324650.0 SNR 11 18 12.02 -32 46 50.0           ~ 1 0
105 [BKR2012] NGC3621 43 HII 11 18 12.3 -32 50 13           ~ 2 0
106 [BKR2012] NGC3621 2 HII 11 18 12.4 -32 40 06           ~ 2 0
107 [BKR2012] NGC3621 36 HII 11 18 12.5 -32 48 10           ~ 2 0
108 [BKR2012] NGC3621 6 HII 11 18 13.2 -32 40 51           ~ 2 0
109 [BKR2012] NGC3621 32 HII 11 18 13.5 -32 47 31           ~ 2 0
110 [BKR2012] NGC3621 19 HII 11 18 13.6 -32 45 11           ~ 2 0
111 [BKR2012] NGC3621 1 HII 11 18 13.8 -32 39 55           ~ 1 0
112 [BKR2012] NGC3621 37 HII 11 18 14.0 -32 48 33           ~ 2 0
113 [BKR2012] NGC3621 20 HII 11 18 14.0 -32 45 13           ~ 2 0
114 [BKR2012] NGC3621 23 HII 11 18 14.1 -32 46 07           ~ 2 0
115 [BKR2012] NGC3621 29 HII 11 18 14.2 -32 46 56           ~ 2 0
116 [BKR2012] NGC3621 30 HII 11 18 14.4 -32 47 12           ~ 2 0
117 [BKR2012] NGC3621 68 HII 11 18 15.1 -32 55 51           ~ 2 0
118 [BKR2012] NGC3621 34 HII 11 18 15.6 -32 47 58           ~ 2 0
119 NGC 3621 Sy2 11 18 16.300 -32 48 45.36 10.10 9.44 9.56 8.07 10.1 ~ 661 3
120 [BKR2012] NGC3621 73 HII 11 18 17.5 -32 57 25           ~ 2 0
121 [BKR2012] NGC3621 38 HII 11 18 18.2 -32 48 46           ~ 2 0
122 [BKR2012] NGC3621 61 HII 11 18 18.5 -32 54 32           ~ 2 0
123 [BKR2012] NGC3621 39 HII 11 18 18.9957258984 -32 49 10.622512776           ~ 2 0
124 [BKR2012] J111819.43-325601.4 Em* 11 18 19.43 -32 56 01.4           ~ 1 0
125 [BKR2012] NGC3621 47 HII 11 18 19.7 -32 51 46           ~ 2 0
126 [BKR2012] NGC3621 72 HII 11 18 20.0 -32 57 08           ~ 2 0
127 [BKR2012] NGC3621 48 HII 11 18 20.4 -32 52 29           ~ 2 0
128 [BKR2012] NGC3621 71 HII 11 18 20.6 -32 56 35           ~ 2 0
129 [BKR2012] NGC3621 41 HII 11 18 21.8999173944 -32 49 53.681965500           ~ 2 0
130 [BKR2012] NGC3621 46 HII 11 18 22.1662519728 -32 51 39.649417272           ~ 2 0
131 [BKR2012] NGC3621 70 HII 11 18 23.1 -32 56 11           ~ 2 0
132 [BKR2012] NGC3621 64 HII 11 18 23.4131524008 -32 55 06.104244036           ~ 2 0
133 [BKR2012] NGC3621 66 HII 11 18 23.5 -32 55 21           ~ 2 0
134 [BKR2012] NGC3621 42 HII 11 18 23.9 -32 50 05           ~ 2 0
135 [BKR2012] NGC3621 45 HII 11 18 24.0 -32 51 02           ~ 2 0
136 [BKR2012] J111824.15-325009.8 Em* 11 18 24.1362961488 -32 50 09.650498208           ~ 1 0
137 [BKR2012] NGC3621 40 HII 11 18 24.4 -32 49 18           ~ 2 0
138 [BKR2012] NGC3621 69 HII 11 18 24.6 -32 55 54           ~ 2 0
139 [BKR2012] NGC3621 67 HII 11 18 24.8 -32 55 35           ~ 2 0
140 [BKR2012] NGC3621 44 HII 11 18 25.5 -32 50 26           ~ 2 0
141 [BKR2012] NGC3621 65 HII 11 18 26.6 -32 55 12           ~ 2 0
142 [BKR2012] NGC3621 63 HII 11 18 27.8 -32 54 46           ~ 2 0
143 [BKR2012] NGC3621 62 HII 11 18 27.8 -32 54 37           ~ 2 0
144 [BKR2012] NGC3621 60 HII 11 18 27.8 -32 54 31           ~ 2 0
145 [BKR2012] NGC3621 59 HII 11 18 28.3 -32 54 22           ~ 2 0
146 [BKR2012] NGC3621 56 HII 11 18 28.6 -32 54 04           ~ 2 0
147 [BKR2012] NGC3621 57 HII 11 18 28.7 -32 54 15           ~ 2 0
148 [BKR2012] NGC3621 53 HII 11 18 28.7755670472 -32 53 07.175859540           ~ 2 0
149 [BKR2012] NGC3621 55 HII 11 18 28.9 -32 53 49           ~ 2 0
150 [BKR2012] NGC3621 51 HII 11 18 28.9 -32 52 51           ~ 2 0
151 [BKR2012] NGC3621 50 HII 11 18 32.2 -32 52 45           ~ 2 0
152 [BKR2012] NGC3621 52 HII 11 18 32.8 -32 53 02           ~ 2 0
153 [BKR2012] NGC3621 49 HII 11 18 32.8 -32 52 31           ~ 2 0
154 [BKR2012] NGC3621 58 HII 11 18 33.1 -32 54 22           ~ 2 0
155 [BKR2012] NGC3621 54 HII 11 18 33.2 -32 53 49           ~ 2 0
156 NGC 4395 Sy2 12 25 48.8633109888 +33 32 48.700168152 10.84 10.54 10.11 9.98   ~ 1286 1
157 NGC 4625 SyG 12 41 52.7121819576 +41 16 26.115765780 12.74 12.92 12.35     ~ 383 2
158 M 83 SBG 13 37 00.91920 -29 51 56.7400 8.85 8.11 7.52 7.21   ~ 2778 2
159 NGC 6946 H2G 20 34 52.332 +60 09 13.24   10.5       ~ 2661 2
160 NGC 7793 GiG 23 57 49.7540045856 -32 35 27.701550744 10.26 9.74 9.28 9.06 9.7 ~ 1188 2

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