2012MNRAS.420...10M

We present ¹²CO, ¹³CO and C¹⁸O (J=3-2) observations of a new cluster of outflows in the Vulpecula Rift with HARP on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT). The mass associated with the outflows, measured using the ¹²CO HARP observations and assuming a distance to the region of 2.3 kpc, is 129 M_☉, while the mass associated with the dense gas from C¹⁸O observations is 458 M_☉ and the associated sub-millimeter (sub-mm) core has a mass of 327±112 M_☉ independently determined from Bolocam 1.1-mm data. The outflow-to-core mass ratio is therefore ∼ 0.4, making this region one of the most efficient observed thus far with more than an order of magnitude more mass in the outflow than would be expected based on previous results. The kinetic energy associated with the flows, 94 {x} 10⁴⁵ erg, is enough to drive the turbulence in the local clump, and potentially unbind the local region altogether. The detection of SiO (J=8-7) emission towards the outflows indicates that the flow is still active, and not simply a fossil flow. We also model the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the four young stellar objects (YSOs) associated with the molecular material, finding them all to be of mid to early B spectral type. The energetic nature of the outflows and significant reservoir of cold dust detected in the sub-mm suggest that these intermediate mass YSOs will continue to accrete and become massive, rather than reach the main sequence at their current mass.