2013A&A...558A.102E

Query : 2013A&A...558A.102E

2013A&A...558A.102E - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 558A102-102 (2013/10-1)

RCW 36 : characterizing the outcome of massive star formation.

ELLERBROEK L.E., BIK A., KAPER L., MAASKANT K.M., PAALVAST M., TRAMPER F., SANA H., WATERS L.B.F.M. and BALOG Z.

Abstract (from CDS):

Massive stars play a dominant role in the process of clustered star formation, with their feedback into the molecular cloud through ionizing radiation, stellar winds, and outflows. The formation process of massive stars is poorly constrained because of their scarcity, the short formation timescale, and obscuration. By obtaining a census of the newly formed stellar population, the star formation history of the young cluster and the role of the massive stars within it can be unraveled. We aim to reconstruct the formation history of the young stellar population of the massive star-forming region RCW 36. We study several dozen individual objects, both photometrically and spectroscopically, looking for signs of multiple generations of young stars and investigating the role of the massive stars in this process. We obtain a census of the physical parameters and evolutionary status of the young stellar population. Using a combination of near-infrared photometry and spectroscopy we estimate the ages and masses of individual objects. We identify the population of embedded young stellar objects (YSOs) by their infrared colors and emission line spectra. RCW 36 harbors a stellar population of massive and intermediate-mass stars located around the center of the cluster. Class 0/I and II sources are found throughout the cluster. The central population has a median age of 1.1±0.6Myr. Of the stars that could be classified, the most massive ones are situated in the center of the cluster. The central cluster is surrounded by filamentary cloud structures; within these, some embedded and accreting YSOs are found. Our age determination is consistent with the filamentary structures having been shaped by the ionizing radiation and stellar winds of the central massive stars. The formation of a new generation of stars is ongoing, as demonstrated by the presence of embedded protostellar clumps and two exposed protostellar jets.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): stars: formation - stars: massive - stars: pre-main sequence - stars: variables: T Tauri, Herbig Ae/Be

Nomenclature: Table A.1: [EBK2013] NNN N=50 among (Nos 1-191).

Simbad objects: 65

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Number of rows : 65
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 2183 RNe 06 10 46.75 -06 12 44.9           ~ 84 1
2 NAME GGD 12-15 OpC 06 10 48.0 -06 13 15           ~ 159 1
3 RAFGL 890S MIR 06 10 50.60928 -06 11 51.2772           ~ 77 1
4 IC 2162 HII 06 13 04.1 +17 58 44           ~ 372 2
5 NAME VELA MOL RIDGE MoC 08 53 -45.0           ~ 178 0
6 RCW 34 HII 08 56 28.1 -43 05 58   10.5 11.21     ~ 99 0
7 NAME Vela C Cld 08 57 -43.2           ~ 193 0
8 RCW 36 HII 08 59 00.9 -43 44 10     15.20     ~ 161 0
9 2MASS J08592167-4345310 Y*O 08 59 21.6676541400 -43 45 31.114577772           ~ 11 0
10 HH 1042 HH 08 59 21.670 -43 45 31.05           ~ 8 0
11 2MASS J08592263-4345493 Y*O 08 59 22.6207427904 -43 45 49.455238140           K2IV 2 0
12 2MASS J08592262-4345151 Y*O 08 59 22.6391794440 -43 45 15.266988936           K0IV 2 0
13 HH 1043 HH 08 59 23.650 -43 45 30.51           ~ 5 0
14 2MASS J08592370-4345302 Y*O 08 59 23.703 -43 45 30.28           ~ 3 0
15 2MASS J08592418-4345259 Y*O 08 59 24.1883222712 -43 45 25.926997608           K4V 3 0
16 2MASS J08592462-4345138 Y*O 08 59 24.5955201936 -43 45 13.645113732           M0V 3 0
17 2MASS J08592472-4345030 Y*O 08 59 24.7206850224 -43 45 03.073845600           M1V 3 0
18 2MASS J08592509-4345456 Y*O 08 59 25.10 -43 45 45.7           M1V 3 0
19 MSX5C G265.1485+01.4474 HII 08 59 25.2 -43 45 46           ~ 34 1
20 2MASS J08592529-4345137 Y*O 08 59 25.2892510752 -43 45 13.675601232           K1V 3 0
21 CXOU J085925.3-434531 Y*O 08 59 25.317 -43 45 31.12           K3III 3 0
22 2MASS J08592536-4345502 Y*O 08 59 25.369 -43 45 50.23           M2V 3 0
23 2MASS J08592584-4345355 Y*O 08 59 25.849 -43 45 35.57           M0IV-V 3 0
24 CXOU J085926.2-434523 Y*O 08 59 26.218 -43 45 23.66           G5V 4 0
25 2MASS J08592624-4345278 Y*O 08 59 26.2361328768 -43 45 27.880172568           G6III 2 0
26 2MASS J08592625-4345441 Y*O 08 59 26.2475987040 -43 45 44.221219812           G0V 4 0
27 2MASS J08592648-4345536 Y*O 08 59 26.481 -43 45 53.67           M0V 4 0
28 2MASS J08592652-4345376 Y*O 08 59 26.529 -43 45 37.67           K1V 3 0
29 CXOU J085926.7-434529 Y*O 08 59 26.7454516680 -43 45 29.776433724           K1IV-V 2 0
30 2MASS J08592688-4344470 Y*O 08 59 26.882 -43 44 47.05           K3V 2 0
31 2MASS J08592700-4345518 Y*O 08 59 27.007 -43 45 51.90           K3V 3 0
32 CXOU J085927.0-434528 Y*O 08 59 27.0285054816 -43 45 28.162101384           K1IV 4 0
33 CXOU J085927.0-434531 Y*O 08 59 27.098 -43 45 31.93           K3IV-V 2 0
34 2MASS J08592727-4346143 Y*O 08 59 27.2772133296 -43 46 14.390048532           K4V 3 0
35 2MASS J08592733-4345258 Y*O 08 59 27.3306751824 -43 45 25.918259400           O9V 5 0
36 2MASS J08592740-4345037 Y*O 08 59 27.4047121800 -43 45 03.792253644           ~ 4 0
37 2MASS J08592754-4345284 Y*O 08 59 27.5551879560 -43 45 28.662365592           O9.7V 5 0
38 [EBK2013] 47 * 08 59 27.58 -43 45 25.0           K1V 2 0
39 2MASS J08592774-4345382 * 08 59 27.7399198392 -43 45 38.290615416           B2.5IV 6 0
40 2MASS J08592785-4345597 Y*O 08 59 27.8526357648 -43 45 59.794302708           K0V 3 0
41 CXOU J085927.9-434504 Y*O 08 59 27.927 -43 45 04.73           K5IV 3 0
42 2MASS J08592802-4345194 Y*O 08 59 28.0257508320 -43 45 19.494740952           K0V 3 0
43 CXOU J085928.0-434516 Y*O 08 59 28.040 -43 45 16.37           K4IV-V 3 0
44 [EBK2013] 67 * 08 59 28.06 -43 45 00.6           K3IV 2 0
45 2MASS J08592813-4345553 Y*O 08 59 28.131 -43 45 55.37           K4V 3 0
46 [EBK2013] 134 * 08 59 28.32 -43 45 20.8           K3V 2 0
47 CXOU J085928.4-434628 Y*O 08 59 28.403 -43 46 28.25           K6IV-V 2 0
48 2MASS J08592841-4344424 Y*O 08 59 28.4118790104 -43 44 42.601193592           G3V 3 0
49 2MASS J08592851-4346029 Y*O 08 59 28.5179937168 -43 46 02.922161880           A3IV 4 0
50 2MASS J08592857-4346301 Y*O 08 59 28.577 -43 46 30.17           G4IV-V 2 0
51 2MASS J08592864-4345133 Y*O 08 59 28.647 -43 45 13.33           M1IV 3 0
52 CXOU J085928.8-434551 Y*O 08 59 28.897 -43 45 51.57           K6V 2 0
53 2MASS J08592905-4345041 Y*O 08 59 29.06 -43 45 04.2           K3V 4 0
54 [EBK2013] 191 Y*O 08 59 29.67 -43 45 02.2           G7V 1 0
55 2MASS J08592974-4346051 Y*O 08 59 29.7487175352 -43 46 05.220381180           K6V 2 0
56 2MASS J08592990-4346260 Y*O 08 59 29.9059704744 -43 46 26.034981168           G8V 6 0
57 2MASS J08593001-4345517 Y*O 08 59 30.018 -43 45 51.79           K1V 2 0
58 2MASS J08593063-4346098 Y*O 08 59 30.636 -43 46 09.82           K6V 2 0
59 [EBK2013] 124 Y*O 08 59 31.06 -43 45 55.5           K6V 1 0
60 2MASS J08593122-4345521 Y*O 08 59 31.224 -43 45 52.16           K3V 2 0
61 2MASS J08593126-4346256 Y*O 08 59 31.264 -43 46 25.61           K3III 2 0
62 HD 80055 * 09 16 10.9757682936 -43 32 59.235169380   8.86 8.78     A0V 11 0
63 Cl Trumpler 14 OpC 10 43 56.0 -59 33 07   5.70 5.5     ~ 547 0
64 HH 901 HH 10 44 03.5 -59 31 02           ~ 18 0
65 NGC 3372 HII 10 45 02.23 -59 41 59.8           ~ 1071 2

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