2013ApJ...762..128O

Query : 2013ApJ...762..128O

2013ApJ...762..128O - Astrophys. J., 762, 128 (2013/January-2)

The physical structure of protoplanetary disks: the Serpens cluster compared with other regions.

OLIVEIRA I., MERIN B., PONTOPPIDAN K.M. and VAN DISHOECK E.F.

Abstract (from CDS):

Spectral energy distributions are presented for 94 young stars surrounded by disks in the Serpens Molecular Cloud, based on photometry and Spitzer/IRS spectra. Most of the stars have spectroscopically determined spectral types. Taking a distance to the cloud of 415 pc rather than 259 pc, the distribution of ages is shifted to lower values, in the 1-3 Myr range, with a tail up to 10 Myr. The mass distribution spans 0.2-1.2 M☉, with median mass of 0.7 M☉. The distribution of fractional disk luminosities in Serpens resembles that of the young Taurus Molecular Cloud, with most disks consistent with optically thick, passively irradiated disks in a variety of disk geometries (Ldisk/Lstar∼ 0.1). In contrast, the distributions for the older Upper Scorpius and η Chamaeleontis clusters are dominated by optically thin lower luminosity disks (Ldisk/Lstar∼ 0.02). This evolution in fractional disk luminosities is concurrent with that of disk fractions: with time disks become fainter and the disk fractions decrease. The actively accreting and non-accreting stars (based on Hα data) in Serpens show very similar distributions in fractional disk luminosities, differing only in the brighter tail dominated by strongly accreting stars. In contrast with a sample of Herbig Ae/Be stars, the T Tauri stars in Serpens do not have a clear separation in fractional disk luminosities for different disk geometries: both flared and flat disks present wider, overlapping distributions. This result is consistent with previous suggestions of a faster evolution for disks around Herbig Ae/Be stars. Furthermore, the results for the mineralogy of the dust in the disk surface (grain sizes, temperatures and crystallinity fractions, as derived from Spitzer/IRS spectra) do not show any correlation to either stellar and disk characteristics or mean cluster age in the 1-10 Myr range probed here. A possible explanation for the lack of correlation is that the processes affecting the dust within disks have short timescales, happening repeatedly, making it difficult to distinguish long-lasting evolutionary effects.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): circumstellar matter - methods: statistical - planetary systems - protoplanetary disks - stars: pre-main sequence

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/762/128): table1.dat>

Simbad objects: 106

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Number of rows : 106
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NAME Taurus Complex SFR 04 41.0 +25 52           ~ 4971 0
2 Cl Mamajek 1 OpC 08 42 32.9 -78 57 47           ~ 392 0
3 NAME Chamaeleon Region SFR 11 55 -78.0           ~ 887 0
4 NAME Lupus Complex SFR 16 03 -38.1           ~ 851 0
5 HD 325367 Or* 16 03 05.4915085848 -40 18 25.426727676   11.40 8.50     M0 406 0
6 NAME Upper Sco Association As* 16 12 -23.4           ~ 1586 1
7 NAME Ophiuchus Molecular Cloud SFR 16 28 06 -24 32.5           ~ 3969 1
8 ZTF J182753.82-000233.5 Or* 18 27 53.8220827920 -00 02 33.361632240           K2: 19 0
9 2MASS J18280848-0001065 Y*O 18 28 08.48 -00 01 06.5           M0: 11 0
10 HBC 665 Or* 18 28 13.5200276064 -00 02 49.349481072           K1e 28 0
11 2MASS J18281502-0002592 Or* 18 28 15.0311002992 -00 02 59.093100996           M0: 13 0
12 2MASS J18281519-0001408 Y*O 18 28 15.1994255448 -00 01 40.702602252           ~ 11 0
13 HBC 667 Or* 18 28 15.2586162309 -00 02 43.220398207           K7e 23 0
14 2MASS J18281630-0003164 Y*O 18 28 16.3008585402 -00 03 16.278126933           ~ 12 0
15 2MASS J18281981-0001476 Y*O 18 28 19.8294206808 -00 01 47.655867144           ~ 7 0
16 2MASS J18282143+0010409 Or* 18 28 21.4452413664 +00 10 41.152378224           M2: 14 0
17 ATO J277.0900+00.0044 Y*O 18 28 21.6061807536 +00 00 16.259582448           ~ 20 1
18 2MASS J18282850+0026501 Y*O 18 28 28.501 +00 26 50.10           ~ 8 0
19 2MASS J18282906+0027560 Y*O 18 28 29.062 +00 27 56.04           ~ 13 0
20 2MASS J18284025+0016173 Y*O 18 28 40.25 +00 16 17.3           ~ 7 1
21 2MASS J18284481+0048085 Or* 18 28 44.8127308512 +00 48 08.494603632           M2: 12 0
22 2MASS J18284499+0045239 Y*O 18 28 45.00 +00 45 23.9       16.6   M1: 12 0
23 IRAS 18261-0009 LP* 18 28 45.5985046848 -00 07 13.079303508           ~ 10 0
24 2MASS J18284613+0003015 Y*O 18 28 46.14 +00 03 01.5           ~ 10 0
25 2MASS J18285021+0009494 Or* 18 28 50.2149447768 +00 09 49.585589352           K5: 21 0
26 [OMP2009] 38 Y*O 18 28 50.60 +00 07 54.0           ~ 3 0
27 2MASS J18285249+0020257 Y*O 18 28 52.50 +00 20 25.8           M7: 10 1
28 2MASS J18285277+0028463 Y*O 18 28 52.779 +00 28 46.37           K2: 17 1
29 2MASS J18285396+0045528 Or* 18 28 53.9677652592 +00 45 52.827634368       18.7   M0.5: 15 0
30 2MASS J18285530+0020520 Or* 18 28 55.3015986600 +00 20 52.121096808           M5.5: 13 0
31 2MASS J18285808+0017243 Or* 18 28 58.0893831912 +00 17 24.385868376       21.9   G3: 22 1
32 2MASS J18285862+0048593 Or* 18 28 58.6285019184 +00 48 59.281149276           M2.5: 14 0
33 2MASS J18285946+0030027 Y*O 18 28 59.461 +00 30 02.76           ~ 14 0
34 ZTF J182900.25+001657.8 Or* 18 29 00.2542593840 +00 16 57.851653260       17.7   K2: 21 0
35 2MASS J18290058+0045078 Y*O 18 29 00.5878161288 +00 45 07.778984220           ~ 10 0
36 2MASS J18290083+0027466 Y*O 18 29 00.834 +00 27 46.68           ~ 11 0
37 2MASS J18290088+0029312 Or* 18 29 00.8919594360 +00 29 31.355014488       17.0   K7: 28 0
38 2MASS J18290108+0031448 Y*O 18 29 01.081 +00 31 44.87           ~ 13 0
39 2MASS J18290122+0029330 Or* 18 29 01.2260660808 +00 29 33.122252544   16.8       M0.5: 27 0
40 2MASS J18290174+0029463 Or* 18 29 01.7480823144 +00 29 46.610329164     19.7     M0: 26 0
41 2MASS J18290183+0029545 Or* 18 29 01.8374128680 +00 29 54.755552004   18.4       K0: 30 0
42 2MASS J18290217+0029398 Y*O 18 29 02.1680306712 +00 29 39.859940220           ~ 4 0
43 [DAB2006] ISO- 84 Y*O 18 29 02.864 +00 30 09.15           ~ 16 0
44 2MASS J18290394+0020212 Or* 18 29 03.9406021536 +00 20 21.262350228       15.6   K5: 20 0
45 2MASS J18290518+0038437 Y*O 18 29 05.18 +00 38 43.7           ~ 7 0
46 2MASS J18290576+0022324 Or* 18 29 05.7679341072 +00 22 32.408149908           A3: 16 0
47 2MASS J18290615+0019442 Or* 18 29 06.1570381584 +00 19 44.292023580       18.8   M3: 18 0
48 2MASS J18290698+0038378 Y*O 18 29 06.983 +00 38 37.82       21.9   ~ 14 0
49 2MASS J18290765+0052223 Y*O 18 29 07.6569802776 +00 52 22.127759400           ~ 12 0
50 2MASS J18290776+0054036 Or* 18 29 07.7690664240 +00 54 03.613307580           M1: 16 0
51 2MASS J18290955+0037016 Y*O 18 29 09.557 +00 37 01.61           ~ 12 0
52 2MASS J18290980+0034456 LP* 18 29 09.8084351304 +00 34 45.752282040           M5: 12 0
53 2MASS J18291149+0020385 Or* 18 29 11.4971142360 +00 20 38.581093176           M0: 18 0
54 2MASS J18291249+0018150 Y*O 18 29 12.50 +00 18 15.0           ~ 8 0
55 2MASS J18291509+0052122 Y*O 18 29 15.1091003208 +00 52 12.078238008           M5.5: 9 0
56 2MASS J18291514+0039377 Or* 18 29 15.1517683320 +00 39 37.749086676           M4: 10 0
57 2MASS J18291540-0012520 Or* 18 29 15.4090146192 -00 12 52.085524716           M0.5: 13 0
58 2MASS J18291558+0039116 Or* 18 29 15.5855033304 +00 39 11.682647064           K5: 13 0
59 2MASS J18291564+0039227 Y*O 18 29 15.6469955856 +00 39 22.837851288       21.1   ~ 12 0
60 2MASS J18291969+0018030 Or* 18 29 19.7000501256 +00 18 02.989786212           M0: 16 0
61 2MASS J18292184+0019385 Or* 18 29 21.8467513104 +00 19 38.543290536           M1: 16 0
62 2MASS J18292249+0034117 Y*O 18 29 22.5134943408 +00 34 12.275591988           M2: 4 0
63 2MASS J18292253+0034176 Y*O 18 29 22.5336103176 +00 34 17.657703228           A3: 10 0
64 2MASS J18292641+0030043 Y*O 18 29 26.417 +00 30 04.36       21.9   ~ 11 0
65 2MASS J18292679+0039496 Y*O 18 29 26.79 +00 39 49.7           ~ 10 0
66 2MASS J18292824-0022573 Y*O 18 29 28.24 -00 22 57.4           ~ 18 1
67 2MASS J18292834+0049568 Y*O 18 29 28.3435254768 +00 49 56.854337124           ~ 4 0
68 2MASS J18292863+0042367 Y*O 18 29 28.6432806936 +00 42 36.920185200           ~ 3 0
69 2MASS J18292928+0017598 Or* 18 29 29.2804506504 +00 18 00.002819988           M3: 12 0
70 [DAB2006] ISO-166 Y*O 18 29 30.56208 +00 33 37.6560           ~ 6 0
71 2MASS J18293301+0040087 Y*O 18 29 33.0193430520 +00 40 08.881906008       17.0   ~ 9 0
72 2MASS J18293339+0050136 Y*O 18 29 33.394 +00 50 13.61           ~ 3 0
73 UCAC4 453-081203 Y*O 18 29 35.63208 +00 35 03.5232       18.2   K7: 18 0
74 2MASS J18293620+0042163 Or* 18 29 36.2143505688 +00 42 16.530530940       18.8   F9: 15 0
75 2MASS J18293672+0047577 Or* 18 29 36.7249682928 +00 47 57.860117052           M0.5: 13 0
76 2MASS J18293883+0044379 Y*O 18 29 38.8370209488 +00 44 37.939516368           ~ 8 0
77 2MASS J18294021+0015127 Or* 18 29 40.2172997808 +00 15 12.984492456           K2: 17 0
78 2MASS J18294122+0049020 Or* 18 29 41.2233762000 +00 49 02.047351584       19.3   K7: 13 0
79 2MASS J18294170+0044268 Or* 18 29 41.7052420896 +00 44 26.937899232           A2: 14 0
80 2MASS J18294410+0033559 Or* 18 29 44.1098190624 +00 33 56.112326424           M0: 22 0
81 2MASS J18294502+0035264 Or* 18 29 45.0302535072 +00 35 26.581834644       21.6   M0: 16 0
82 2MASS J18294726+0032229 Or* 18 29 47.2705307208 +00 32 23.080738236           M0: 16 0
83 2MASS J18294727+0039555 Or* 18 29 47.2746276096 +00 39 55.606623408           M0: 15 0
84 NAME Serpens Cloud SFR 18 29 49 +01 14.8           ~ 1195 1
85 2MASS J18295003+0051014 Or* 18 29 50.0326405320 +00 51 01.434448260       18.0   M2: 11 0
86 2MASS J18295017+0056080 Y*O 18 29 50.1911084208 +00 56 07.743220080           ~ 11 0
87 2MASS J18295042+0043435 Or* 18 29 50.4249456672 +00 43 43.596696432           K6: 15 0
88 2MASS J18295130+0027477 Or* 18 29 51.3045120576 +00 27 47.901854268           A3: 18 0
89 2MASS J18295244+0031495 Y*O 18 29 52.44 +00 31 49.6           ~ 7 0
90 2MASS J18295305+0040104 Y*O 18 29 53.0562723936 +00 40 10.478687052           ~ 8 0
91 2MASS J18295306+0036064 Y*O 18 29 53.06 +00 36 06.4           ~ 26 0
92 2MASS J18295424+0045074 Y*O 18 29 54.2514355536 +00 45 07.601765112       13.5   A4: 12 0
93 2MASS J18295594+0040150 Or* 18 29 55.9468009032 +00 40 14.968839648           M4: 16 0
94 [HCP2006] Cluster A Cld 18 29 56 +01 14.8           ~ 50 0
95 2MASS J18295622+0033391 Y*O 18 29 56.22 +00 33 39.2           ~ 7 0
96 NAME Serpens Cluster As* 18 29 57 +01 14.4           ~ 66 0
97 ATO J277.4876+00.5500 Y*O 18 29 57.0333634416 +00 33 00.038727396           G5 12 0
98 2MASS J18295715+0033182 Or* 18 29 57.1597413192 +00 33 18.329107932           G2.5: 14 0
99 IRAS 18274+0112 Y*O 18 29 57.73680 +01 14 05.6940           M4: 143 2
100 2MASS J18295872+0036203 Y*O 18 29 58.7261255496 +00 36 20.435676444           ~ 15 0
101 2MASS J18300179+0032161 Y*O 18 30 01.79832 +00 32 16.1412           K7: 12 0
102 NAME Serpens South Cluster Cl* 18 30 03.00 -02 01 58.2           ~ 148 0
103 2MASS J18300349+0023445 Or* 18 30 03.5156556240 +00 23 44.988703080           M0: 18 0
104 IC 1396 OpC 21 38 51.4 +57 31 52           ~ 523 1
105 Ass Cep OB 2 As* 21 51 +60.0           ~ 303 0
106 NGC 7160 OpC 21 53 44.8 +62 35 33   6.34 6.1     ~ 243 0

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