2013ApJ...765...47N

Query : 2013ApJ...765...47N

2013ApJ...765...47N - Astrophys. J., 765, 47 (2013/March-1)

A refined estimate of the ionizing emissivity from galaxies at z ≃ 3: spectroscopic follow-up in the SSA22a field.

NESTOR D.B., SHAPLEY A.E., KORNEI K.A., STEIDEL C.C. and SIANA B.

Abstract (from CDS):

We investigate the contribution of star-forming galaxies to the ionizing background at z ∼ 3, building on previous work based on narrowband (NB3640) imaging in the SSA22a field. We use new Keck/LRIS spectra of Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) and narrowband-selected Lyα emitters (LAEs) to measure redshifts for 16 LBGs and 87 LAEs at z > 3.055, such that our NB3640 imaging probes the Lyman-continuum (LyC) region. When we include the existing set of spectroscopically confirmed LBGs, our total sample with z > 3.055 consists of 41 LBGs and 91 LAEs, of which 9 LBGs and 20 LAEs are detected in our NB3640 image. With our combined imaging and spectroscopic data sets, we critically investigate the origin of NB3640 emission for detected LBGs and LAEs. We remove from our samples three LBGs and three LAEs with spectroscopic evidence of contamination of their NB3640 flux by foreground galaxies and statistically model the effects of additional, unidentified foreground contaminants. The resulting contamination and LyC-detection rates, respectively, are 62% ± 13% and 8%±3% for our LBG sample, and 47%±10% and 12%±2% for our LAE sample. The corresponding ratios of non-ionizing UV to LyC flux density, corrected for intergalactic medium (IGM) attenuation, are 18.0+34.8–7.4 for LBGs and 3.7+2.5–1.1 for LAEs. We use these ratios to estimate the total contribution of star-forming galaxies to the ionizing background and the hydrogen photoionization rate in the IGM, finding values larger than, but consistent with, those measured in the Lyα forest. Finally, the measured UV to LyC flux-density ratios imply model-dependent LyC escape fractions of f LyCesc∼ 5%-7% for our LBG sample and f LyCesc∼ 10%-30% for our fainter LAE sample.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): cosmology: observations - diffuse radiation - galaxies: high-redshift - intergalactic medium

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/765/47): table1.dat table3.dat>

Simbad objects: 178

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Number of rows : 178
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NAME Extended Chandra Deep Field South reg 03 32 30.0 -27 48 20           ~ 862 0
2 NAME Hubble Ultra Deep Field reg 03 32 39.0 -27 47 29           ~ 1900 0
3 [NSS2011] 90 EmG 22 17 18.25 +00 14 06.4       27.00   ~ 2 0
4 [NSS2011] 68 EmG 22 17 18.37 +00 17 26.1       27.00   ~ 2 0
5 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C48 G 22 17 18.60 +00 18 16.2       24.57   ~ 6 0
6 [YMK2012] LAE J221718.8+001518 EmG 22 17 18.77 +00 15 18.1       27.00   ~ 4 0
7 SAS-LBG SSA22a-D17 G 22 17 18.87 +00 18 16.8       24.29   ~ 13 0
8 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C24 G 22 17 18.93 +00 14 45.6       24.19   ~ 5 0
9 [NSS2011] 69 EmG 22 17 18.96 +00 11 12.0       24.62   ~ 3 0
10 [YMK2012] LAE J221719.0+001200 EmG 22 17 18.96 +00 12 00.8       26.59   ~ 3 0
11 [YMK2012] LAE J221719.3+001450 EmG 22 17 19.25 +00 14 50.9       25.82   ~ 4 0
12 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C30 G 22 17 19.28 +00 15 44.7       23.70   ~ 9 0
13 [NSS2011] 103 EmG 22 17 19.40 +00 15 26.1       27.00   ~ 2 0
14 [NSS2011] 110 EmG 22 17 19.50 +00 15 57.6       27.00   ~ 2 0
15 [NSS2011] 126 EmG 22 17 19.53 +00 16 48.2       27.00   ~ 2 0
16 [NSS2011] 58 EmG 22 17 19.61 +00 15 38.4       27.00   ~ 2 0
17 [YMK2012] LAE J221719.7+001149 EmG 22 17 19.68 +00 11 49.4       26.11   ~ 3 0
18 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C49 G 22 17 19.80 +00 18 19.0       23.81   ~ 14 0
19 [NSS2011] 84 EmG 22 17 19.90 +00 15 14.9       27.00   ~ 2 0
20 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C35 G 22 17 20.22 +00 16 52.3       24.06   ~ 10 0
21 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C47 EmO 22 17 20.33 +00 17 32.1       23.78   ~ 16 0
22 [NSS2011] 10 EmG 22 17 20.38 +00 18 04.2       25.77   ~ 3 0
23 [LAC2009] 58 EmG 22 17 20.67 +00 15 13.2       27.00   ~ 5 0
24 [NSS2011] 66 EmG 22 17 20.86 +00 15 11.8       26.64   ~ 3 0
25 [NSS2011] 107 EmG 22 17 20.96 +00 14 46.7       26.57   ~ 2 0
26 [NSS2011] 37 EmG 22 17 20.96 +00 18 07.3       25.61   ~ 2 0
27 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C39 G 22 17 20.98 +00 17 09.4       25.04   ~ 8 0
28 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C28 EmG 22 17 21.11 +00 15 28.0       24.87   ~ 5 0
29 [NSS2011] 46 EmG 22 17 21.47 +00 14 54.6       27.00   ~ 4 0
30 [NSS2011] 42 EmG 22 17 21.50 +00 17 04.7       25.50   ~ 3 0
31 [NSS2011] 71 EmG 22 17 21.61 +00 12 20.5       26.77   ~ 2 0
32 [YMK2012] LAE J221721.7+001223 EmG 22 17 21.65 +00 12 23.4       26.24   ~ 3 0
33 [NSS2011] 30 EmG 22 17 21.75 +00 11 38.8       27.00   ~ 2 0
34 [NSS2011] 15 EmG 22 17 21.84 +00 12 12.7       27.00   ~ 2 0
35 [NSS2011] 36 EmG 22 17 22.25 +00 11 55.1       27.00   ~ 2 0
36 [NSS2011] 129 EmG 22 17 22.28 +00 10 57.9       27.00   ~ 2 0
37 [NSS2011] 56 EmG 22 17 22.42 +00 17 20.7       26.86   ~ 2 0
38 [NSS2011] 124 EmG 22 17 22.80 +00 17 48.7       27.00   ~ 2 0
39 [NSS2011] 106 EmG 22 17 22.86 +00 17 57.8       26.16   ~ 2 0
40 [YMK2012] LAE J221722.9+001441 EmG 22 17 22.87 +00 14 41.7       26.53   ~ 4 0
41 [NSS2011] 75 EmG 22 17 22.97 +00 11 25.8       27.00   ~ 2 0
42 [NSS2011] 63 EmG 22 17 23.32 +00 15 52.9       26.55   ~ 3 0
43 [NSS2011] 34 EmG 22 17 23.41 +00 16 35.4       25.42   ~ 2 0
44 [NSS2011] 128 EmG 22 17 23.43 +00 16 07.4       27.00   ~ 2 0
45 SAS-LBG SSA22a-MD32 G 22 17 23.70 +00 16 01.0   25.70 25.12 25.17   ~ 6 0
46 [NSS2011] 92 EmG 22 17 23.97 +00 15 27.8       27.00   ~ 2 0
47 [NSS2011] 109 EmG 22 17 23.98 +00 17 57.8       26.77   ~ 2 0
48 [NSS2011] 102 EmG 22 17 24.00 +00 16 27.6       25.91   ~ 2 0
49 [NSS2011] 98 EmG 22 17 24.01 +00 13 19.5       27.00   ~ 2 0
50 [NSS2011] 39 EmG 22 17 24.08 +00 11 31.7       26.48   ~ 3 0
51 [NSS2011] 41 EmG 22 17 24.54 +00 15 06.7       25.97   ~ 3 0
52 [YMK2012] LAE J221724.6+001557 EmG 22 17 24.56 +00 15 56.8       27.00   ~ 3 0
53 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C7 G 22 17 24.59 +00 11 31.3           ~ 2 0
54 [CSH96] SSA 22 173 G 22 17 24.66 +00 14 07.7           ~ 3 0
55 [NSS2011] 108 EmG 22 17 24.78 +00 17 40.4       26.84   ~ 2 0
56 [MYH2004] LAB 35 EmG 22 17 24.79 +00 17 17.4       25.51   ~ 19 0
57 [AMH2017] VLA-LAB16 EmG 22 17 24.80 +00 11 16.8       27.00   ~ 17 0
58 [NSS2011] 113 EmG 22 17 24.80 +00 13 26.9       27.00   ~ 2 0
59 [NSS2011] 27 EmG 22 17 24.94 +00 17 17.3       26.25   ~ 2 0
60 [NSS2011] 59 EmG 22 17 24.98 +00 12 30.0       25.31   ~ 2 0
61 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M8 G 22 17 25.11 +00 11 56.8           ~ 4 0
62 [NSS2011] 101 EmG 22 17 25.33 +00 17 22.5       26.89   ~ 2 0
63 SAS-LBG SSA22a-MD45 G 22 17 25.35 +00 18 04.2           ~ 2 0
64 [NSS2011] 57 EmG 22 17 25.40 +00 10 58.3       26.84   ~ 2 0
65 [MII2017b] AGN9 AGN 22 17 25.40 +00 17 16.8     26.267 25.907   ~ 8 0
66 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C32 G 22 17 25.61 +00 16 13.0       23.64   ~ 7 0
67 [NSS2011] 119 EmG 22 17 25.63 +00 12 47.8       27.00   ~ 2 0
68 NAME SMM J221726+0013 EmO 22 17 25.97 +00 12 38.9   27   24.49   ~ 112 0
69 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M5 G 22 17 26.07 +00 11 33.0           ~ 3 0
70 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C15 EmO 22 17 26.12 +00 12 55.3       25.02   ~ 25 0
71 [NSS2011] 19 EmG 22 17 26.15 +00 13 20.1       25.70   ~ 2 0
72 [NSS2011] 121 EmG 22 17 26.44 +00 15 27.5       27.00   ~ 2 0
73 [NSS2011] 32 EmG 22 17 26.61 +00 13 18.1       26.61   ~ 2 0
74 [NSS2011] 120 EmG 22 17 26.76 +00 10 59.8       27.00   ~ 2 0
75 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M10 G 22 17 26.79 +00 12 21.1       24.50   ~ 5 0
76 [NSS2011] 35 EmG 22 17 27.03 +00 13 13.2       27.00   ~ 2 0
77 [NSS2011] 97 EmG 22 17 27.11 +00 14 08.7       27.00   ~ 2 0
78 [YMK2012] LAE J221727.2+001622 EmG 22 17 27.18 +00 16 21.7       25.98   ~ 4 0
79 [SAD98] SSA 22a MD31 G 22 17 27.30 +00 18 09.5   24.33 23.60 23.56   ~ 14 0
80 [NSS2011] 48 EmG 22 17 27.37 +00 16 51.5       26.73   ~ 3 0
81 [NSS2011] 93 EmG 22 17 27.48 +00 13 57.5       26.35   ~ 2 0
82 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C8 G 22 17 27.64 +00 11 59.0           ~ 2 0
83 [YMK2012] LAE J221727.8+001737 EmG 22 17 27.78 +00 17 36.9       27.00   ~ 5 0
84 [NSS2011] 116 EmG 22 17 28.00 +00 12 14.2       27.00   ~ 2 0
85 [NSS2011] 4 EmG 22 17 28.01 +00 14 30.0       24.34   ~ 7 0
86 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M6 G 22 17 28.12 +00 11 40.4           ~ 3 0
87 [NSS2011] 65 EmG 22 17 28.15 +00 14 36.4       26.91   ~ 2 0
88 [NSS2011] 60 EmG 22 17 28.19 +00 11 17.1       26.61   ~ 2 0
89 [YMK2012] LAE J221728.3+001212 EmG 22 17 28.29 +00 12 12.3       25.84   ~ 7 0
90 [NSS2011] 86 EmG 22 17 28.42 +00 13 42.8       27.00   ~ 2 0
91 [NSS2011] 83 EmG 22 17 28.46 +00 12 08.9       26.46   ~ 2 0
92 [NSS2011] 81 EmG 22 17 29.22 +00 14 48.7       27.00   ~ 3 0
93 [NSS2011] 100 EmG 22 17 30.61 +00 18 11.6       27.00   ~ 2 0
94 [NSS2011] 85 EmG 22 17 30.86 +00 14 38.2       26.94   ~ 2 0
95 SAS-LBG SSA22a-aug96M16 G 22 17 30.90 +00 13 10.7       23.83   ~ 10 0
96 [NSS2011] 111 EmG 22 17 31.14 +00 16 42.9       27.00   ~ 3 0
97 [NSS2011] 72 EmG 22 17 31.24 +00 17 32.1       27.00   ~ 4 0
98 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M13 EmG 22 17 31.49 +00 12 55.0       25.38   ~ 4 0
99 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M25 G 22 17 31.49 +00 16 31.2           ~ 4 0
100 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M28 EmG 22 17 31.69 +00 16 57.6       24.75   ~ 25 0
101 [NSS2011] 23 EmG 22 17 31.73 +00 16 06.9       24.91   ~ 4 0
102 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M11 G 22 17 31.77 +00 12 51.3           ~ 3 0
103 [NSS2011] 28 EmG 22 17 31.80 +00 17 17.9       25.50   ~ 4 0
104 [NSS2011] 40 EmG 22 17 31.93 +00 13 08.5       27.00   ~ 2 0
105 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C16 EmO 22 17 31.96 +00 13 16.1       23.62   ~ 25 0
106 SAS-LBG SSA22a-D3 EmG 22 17 32.40 +00 11 34.1       23.92   ~ 37 0
107 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C3 G 22 17 32.53 +00 10 57.4           ~ 3 0
108 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M35 G 22 17 32.66 +00 18 05.0           ~ 2 0
109 [NSS2011] 112 EmG 22 17 32.72 +00 15 54.2       27.00   ~ 3 0
110 [NSS2011] 130 EmG 22 17 32.84 +00 16 48.8       27.00   ~ 3 0
111 [NSS2011] 115 EmG 22 17 33.46 +00 17 01.2       27.00   ~ 3 0
112 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M2 G 22 17 33.50 +00 11 10.8           ~ 4 0
113 [NSS2011] 31 EmG 22 17 33.63 +00 17 15.1       26.37   ~ 3 0
114 [NSS2011] 51 EmG 22 17 33.72 +00 15 04.9       26.26   ~ 3 0
115 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M34 G 22 17 33.80 +00 17 57.2           ~ 3 0
116 [YMK2012] LAE J221733.9+001215 EmG 22 17 33.85 +00 12 14.9       26.07   ~ 3 0
117 NAME SSA22 Protocluster PCG 22 17 34.0 +00 17 01           ~ 175 0
118 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C14 G 22 17 34.03 +00 12 51.3           ~ 3 0
119 [NSS2011] 61 EmG 22 17 34.10 +00 15 40.2       27.00   ~ 3 0
120 [NSS2011] 24 EmG 22 17 34.17 +00 16 09.7       26.73   ~ 3 0
121 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M20 G 22 17 34.40 +00 15 02.8           ~ 2 0
122 [NSS2011] 114 EmG 22 17 34.50 +00 14 20.0       27.00   ~ 2 0
123 SAS-LBG SSA22a-D5 G 22 17 34.65 +00 12 33.5           ~ 2 0
124 [NSS2011] 79 EmG 22 17 34.68 +00 11 10.5       27.00   ~ 2 0
125 [NSS2011] 53 EmG 22 17 34.70 +00 16 33.4       26.53   ~ 4 0
126 [NSS2011] 38 EmG 22 17 34.80 +00 15 41.2   26.03 25.66 25.50   ~ 4 0
127 SAS-LBG SSA22a-MD11 G 22 17 34.94 +00 13 22.6           ~ 3 0
128 [NSS2011] 123 EmG 22 17 35.06 +00 17 26.0       27.00   ~ 2 0
129 [NSS2011] 118 EmG 22 17 35.28 +00 10 59.9       26.20   ~ 2 0
130 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C12 EmO 22 17 35.30 +00 12 49.0       24.22   ~ 16 0
131 [NSS2011] 64 EmG 22 17 35.42 +00 12 14.6       26.05   ~ 3 0
132 [NSS2011] 82 EmG 22 17 35.44 +00 16 47.6       27.00   ~ 4 0
133 [NSS2011] 105 EmG 22 17 35.46 +00 12 23.9       26.81   ~ 2 0
134 [NSS2011] 16 EmG 22 17 35.61 +00 18 00.2       26.24   ~ 4 0
135 [NSS2011] 55 EmG 22 17 35.80 +00 11 50.0       26.67   ~ 2 0
136 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M3 G 22 17 35.81 +00 11 16.4           ~ 3 0
137 SAS-LBG SSA22a-MD42 G 22 17 35.83 +00 17 19.8           ~ 3 0
138 NAME SMM J221735.84+001558.9 rG 22 17 35.86 +00 15 59.4   27.332 25.881 25.468 24.57 ~ 41 0
139 [NSS2011] 80 EmG 22 17 35.95 +00 13 43.3       27.00   ~ 2 0
140 [NSS2011] 45 EmG 22 17 35.97 +00 16 30.2       27.00   ~ 3 0
141 [NSS2011] 47 EmG 22 17 36.05 +00 15 06.9       27.00   ~ 2 0
142 [NSS2011] 91 EmG 22 17 36.14 +00 15 40.7       27.00   ~ 3 0
143 [NSS2011] 67 EmG 22 17 36.26 +00 13 11.7       26.40   ~ 3 0
144 [YMK2012] LAE J221736.4+001251 EmG 22 17 36.41 +00 12 51.0       27.00   ~ 3 0
145 [NSS2011] 99 EmG 22 17 36.46 +00 13 00.3       27.00   ~ 2 0
146 [NSS2011] 74 EmG 22 17 36.47 +00 12 54.8       26.16   ~ 3 0
147 [NSS2011] 25 EmG 22 17 36.74 +00 16 28.8       25.54   ~ 4 0
148 [NSS2011] 52 EmG 22 17 36.84 +00 13 17.2       26.63   ~ 2 0
149 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M31 G 22 17 36.87 +00 17 12.4           ~ 5 0
150 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M19 G 22 17 36.90 +00 15 00.8           ~ 2 0
151 [NSS2011] 127 EmG 22 17 36.91 +00 11 27.1       27.00   ~ 2 0
152 [NSS2011] 87 EmG 22 17 37.07 +00 13 21.5       27.00   ~ 2 0
153 [NSS2011] 95 EmG 22 17 37.19 +00 13 28.0       26.17   ~ 2 0
154 [NSS2011] 20 EmG 22 17 37.33 +00 16 31.4       25.45   ~ 4 0
155 SAS-LBG SSA22a-M29 G 22 17 37.40 +00 17 08.8           ~ 3 0
156 [NSS2011] 33 EmG 22 17 37.50 +00 14 08.3       26.62   ~ 2 0
157 [NSS2011] 104 EmG 22 17 37.66 +00 12 55.5       27.00   ~ 2 0
158 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C50 G 22 17 37.66 +00 18 20.9       25.01   ~ 8 0
159 [NSS2011] 78 EmG 22 17 37.68 +00 16 48.3       25.95   ~ 4 0
160 SAS-LBG SSA22a-MD14 G 22 17 37.95 +00 13 43.6   25.46 24.66 24.38   ~ 9 0
161 [NSS2011] 77 EmG 22 17 37.95 +00 11 01.3       26.01   ~ 2 0
162 [NSS2011] 125 EmG 22 17 38.02 +00 14 03.6       26.79   ~ 2 0
163 [NSS2011] 122 EmG 22 17 38.19 +00 14 03.7       27.00   ~ 2 0
164 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C19 G 22 17 38.36 +00 14 16.4           ~ 2 0
165 [NSS2011] 88 EmG 22 17 38.45 +00 13 18.3       27.00   ~ 2 0
166 [NSS2011] 89 EmG 22 17 38.54 +00 15 22.5       26.59   ~ 2 0
167 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C4 EmG 22 17 38.90 +00 11 01.8       24.28   ~ 9 0
168 SAS-LBG SSA22a-D10 IR 22 17 38.90 +00 14 32.2   24.5       ~ 3 0
169 [NSS2011] 96 EmG 22 17 38.93 +00 11 37.4       26.64   ~ 2 0
170 [IKI2011] b EmG 22 17 39.01 +00 17 26.4   26.01 25.82 25.82   ~ 6 0
171 [NSS2011] 54 EmG 22 17 39.05 +00 11 33.9       26.25   ~ 2 0
172 [NSS2011] 117 EmG 22 17 39.08 +00 12 01.9       27.00   ~ 2 0
173 CXOU J221739.1+001331 AGN 22 17 39.0840 +00 13 29.784   25.999 24.878 25.086   ~ 64 1
174 [NSS2011] 73 EmG 22 17 39.12 +00 17 11.7       26.35   ~ 2 0
175 [NSS2011] 94 EmG 22 17 39.14 +00 17 00.6       27.00   ~ 2 0
176 [NSS2011] 70 EmG 22 17 39.28 +00 14 00.2       25.98   ~ 2 0
177 [YMK2012] LAE J221739.3+001610 EmG 22 17 39.29 +00 16 10.5       27.00   ~ 3 0
178 SAS-LBG SSA22a-C26 G 22 17 39.54 +00 15 15.4       25.01   ~ 5 0

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