2013MNRAS.431.2690M

Query : 2013MNRAS.431.2690M

2013MNRAS.431.2690M - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 431, 2690-2702 (2013/May-3)

Young rotation-powered pulsars as ultraluminous X-ray sources.

MEDVEDEV A.S. and POUTANEN J.

Abstract (from CDS):

The aim of this paper is to investigate a possible contribution of the rotation-powered pulsars and pulsar wind nebulae to the population of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). We first develop an analytical model for the evolution of the distribution function of pulsars over the spin period and find both the steady-state and the time-dependent solutions. Using the recent results on the X-ray efficiency dependence on pulsar characteristic age, we then compute the X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of rotation-powered pulsars. In a general case, it has a broken power-law shape with a high-luminosity cutoff, which depends on the distributions of the birth spin period and the magnetic field.

Using the observed XLF of sources in the nearby galaxies and the condition that the pulsar XLF does not exceed that, we find the allowed region for the parameters describing the birth period distribution. We find that the mean pulsar period should be greater than 10-40 ms. These results are consistent with the constraints obtained from the X-ray luminosity of core-collapse supernovae. We estimate that the contribution of the rotation-powered pulsars to the ULX population is at a level exceeding 3 percent. For a wide birth period distribution, this fraction grows with luminosity and above 1040ergs-1 pulsars can dominate the ULX population.


Abstract Copyright: © 2013 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society (2013)

Journal keyword(s): methods: statistical - stars: luminosity function, mass function - stars: neutron - pulsars: general - X-rays: galaxies

CDS comments: Table 3: SN 2002 fjn is a misprint for SN 2002 fj.

Simbad objects: 79

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Number of rows : 79
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 SN 2005gl SN* 00 49 50.02 +32 16 56.8       17.0   SNIIn 162 2
2 SN 2002hf SN* 00 57 47.74 -27 30 21.5     16.5     SNIc 17 1
3 [FWB2009] HLX-1 ULX 01 10 28.30 -46 04 22.3     24.5 23.80   ~ 230 1
4 SN 2002ap SN* 01 36 23.85 +15 45 13.2   13.11 14.54     SNIc-BL 587 1
5 SN 1986J SN* 02 22 31.33 +42 19 56.4   18.4 18.4     SNII 331 1
6 SN 1961V SN* 02 43 36.42 +37 20 43.6   12.7 12.5     SNIIpec? 212 2
7 SN 1962L SN* 02 43 40 +01 23.9   13.94       SNIc 79 1
8 SN 1969L SN* 02 43 45 +37 18.7   13.2 13.2     SNIIP 121 1
9 SN 1962M SN* 03 18 12.26 -66 31 38.5   11.7 9.50     SNIIP 36 1
10 SN 2001du SN* 03 33 29.11 -36 08 32.5     14.0     SNIIP 58 1
11 SN 1983V SN* 03 33 31.63 -36 08 55.0   14.67       SNIc 102 1
12 SN 2005kd SN* 04 03 16.88 +71 43 18.9     17.0     SNIIn 48 1
13 SN 1986L SN* 04 17 29.4 -62 47 04     13.3     SNIIP 58 1
14 SN 1999em SN* 04 41 27.04 -02 51 45.2   13.79 13.7     SNIIP 727 1
15 SN 1999ec SN* 06 16 16.16 -21 22 09.8     17.9     SNIac 28 1
16 SN 2006jd SN* 08 02 07.43 +00 48 31.5   22.5 21.8 20.4 21.3 SNIIn 128 1
17 SN 2002fj SN* 08 40 45.10 -04 07 38.5     15.8     SNIIn 18 1
18 SN 1994ak SN* 09 14 01.47 +40 06 21.5     16.3     SNIIn 39 1
19 SN 1972R SN* 09 21 56 +50 57.3   12.85       SNIb: 29 1
20 SN 2005ip SN* 09 32 06.42 +08 26 44.4 18.1 18.7 18.5     SNIIn 230 1
21 SN 1983E SN* 09 53 42 +01 34.6   14.9       SNIIL 22 1
22 SN 1993J SN* 09 55 24.77476 +69 01 13.7026   10.8 12.0     SNIIb 1507 1
23 2CXO J095550.1+694046 HXB 09 55 50.12 +69 40 46.4           ~ 294 1
24 SN 2001ci SN* 10 01 57.33 +55 41 14.6     18.3     SNIc 29 1
25 SN 1937F SN* 10 18 16.9 +41 25 27   13.7 13.9     SNIIP: 38 1
26 SN 2005bf SN* 10 23 56.99 -03 11 29.3     18.0     SNIb 225 1
27 SN 1991N SN* 10 38 46.38 +53 30 05.0   15.5 15.0     SNIc 58 1
28 SN 2003dh SN* 10 44 50.030 +21 31 18.15     16.2     SNIcpec 1261 1
29 SN 1988Z SN* 10 51 50.10 +16 00 00.5   16.8       SNIIn 385 1
30 SN 1969B SN* 11 11 21 +55 40.2   14.3       SNIIP 31 1
31 SN 1973R SN* 11 20 11.5 +12 59 55   15.3 11.8     SNIIP 80 1
32 AT 1997bs ev 11 20 14.25 +12 58 19.6     17.13     SNIIn? 128 1
33 SN 1965L SN* 11 20 58.2 +53 11 06   16.0       SNIIP 43 1
34 SN 1996bu SN* 11 20 59.18 +53 12 08.0     17.3     SNIIn 24 1
35 SN 2004C SN* 11 27 29.76 +56 52 48.4           SNIc 43 1
36 SN 1998T SN* 11 28 33.14 +58 33 44.0     14.5     SNIb 49 1
37 SN 1998S SN* 11 46 06.1 +47 28 55     12.2     SNIIn 517 1
38 SN 1983I SN* 12 03 09.6 +44 31 52   13.7       SNIc 75 1
39 SN 1937A SN* 12 11 08 +50 29.7   15.5 16.2     SNIIP: 27 1
40 SN 1954A SN* 12 15 45 +36 16.2   9.3       SNIb 104 1
41 SN 1972Q SN* 12 18 49.6 +14 24 59   15.8       SNIIP 47 1
42 SN 1986I SN* 12 18 52.03 +14 24 43.8   14.2 14.2     SNIIP 76 1
43 SN 1986E SN* 12 21 41.19 +14 37 54.8   14.2       SNIIL 69 1
44 SN 1926A SN* 12 21 54 +04 29.6   14.2 14.3     SNIIL 48 1
45 SN 1979C SN* 12 22 58.58 +15 47 52.7   11.6       SNIIL 609 1
46 SN 1976B SN* 12 26 12.2 +13 06 41   15.10       SNI 33 1
47 SN 1982F SN* 12 30 38 +41 38.0   16.2       SNIIP 43 1
48 SN 1941A SN* 12 35 55 +27 58.0   13.2 13.2     SNIIL 39 1
49 SN 1988A SN* 12 37 43.52 +11 48 19.5     13.5     SNIIP 112 1
50 SN 1965H SN* 12 45 07 -00 28.1   14.6       SNIIP 28 1
51 SN 1997X SN* 12 48 14.28 -03 19 58.5   14.75 13.5     SNIb 71 1
52 SN 1940B SN* 12 50 33 +25 32.2   13.1 12.8     SNIIP 39 1
53 SN 2000P SN* 13 07 10.53 -28 14 02.5     14.1     SNIIn 25 1
54 SN 1985L SN* 13 13 21.71 +36 36 32.3   13.0       SNIIL 65 1
55 SN 2001gd SN* 13 13 23.89 +36 38 17.7     16.5     SNIIb 62 1
56 SN 1994I SN* 13 29 54.072 +47 11 30.50     12.9     SNIc 645 1
57 SN 1983N SN* 13 36 51.23 -29 54 01.7   11.7       SNIb 278 1
58 SN 1968L SN* 13 37 00.42 -29 51 59.8   12.0 12.0     SNIIP 83 1
59 SN 1923A SN* 13 37 09.2 -29 51 04   12.4 14.0     SNIIP: 80 1
60 SN 1970G SN* 14 03 00.83 +54 14 32.8   11.8 11.50     SNIIL 221 1
61 SN 2005N SN* 14 04 02.61 -14 37 48.8     18.8     SNIb/c 15 1
62 SN 1996cr SN* 14 13 10.01139 -65 20 44.5654     19.5     SNIIn: 90 1
63 SN 1995N SN* 14 49 28.29 -10 10 14.0     17.5     SNIIn 172 1
64 SN 1996ae SN* 14 53 59.81 +03 31 46.3     16.5     SNIIn 28 1
65 SN 1987B SN* 15 07 02.92 +01 30 12.4     14.5     SNIInL 50 1
66 SN 1940A SN* 15 16 11 +56 14.3   14.3 14.4     SNIIL 28 1
67 SN 2000bg SN* 16 52 58.18 +02 23 51.5     17.4     SNIIn 19 1
68 SN 2008ij SN* 18 19 51.81 +74 33 54.9           SNII 27 1
69 SN 2005at SN* 19 09 53.57 -63 49 22.8     14.3     SNIc 35 1
70 SS 433 HXB 19 11 49.5647697480 +04 58 57.827127648   16.854 14.643     A7Ib 2253 4
71 SN 1998bw SN* 19 35 03.17 -52 50 46.1   14.09       SNIc 1928 2
72 SN 1948B SN* 20 35 21.5 +60 10 16   14.0 14.0     SNIIP 77 1
73 SN 1980K SN* 20 35 30.07 +60 06 23.7   11.6       SNIIL 482 1
74 SN 1999el SN* 20 37 18.03 +66 06 11.9     14.9     SNIIn 74 1
75 SN 2001em SN* 21 42 23.6093 +12 29 50.300     18.6     SNIc: 96 1
76 SN 1959D SN* 22 37 01.82 +34 25 08.5   13.8       SNIIL 63 1
77 SN 2001ig SN* 22 57 30.69 -41 02 25.9     14.5     SNIIb 190 1
78 SN 1990U SN* 23 04 54.96 +12 18 20.1   17.76       SNIb 69 1
79 SN 1999dn SN* 23 36 14.70 +02 09 08.8     16.0     SNIb 117 1

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