2013MNRAS.433..366D

Query : 2013MNRAS.433..366D

2013MNRAS.433..366D - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 433, 366-381 (2013/July-3)

On the internal pollution mechanisms in the globular cluster NGC 6121 (M4): heavy-element abundances and AGB models.

D'ORAZI V., CAMPBELL S.W., LUGARO M., LATTANZIO J.C., PIGNATARI M. and CARRETTA E.

Abstract (from CDS):

Globular clusters display significant variations in their light-element content, pointing to the existence of a second stellar generation formed from the ejecta of an earlier generation. The nature of these internal polluters is still a matter of debate: the two most popular scenarios indicate intermediate-mass asymptotic giant branch (IM-AGB) stars and fast rotating massive stars. Abundances determination for some key elements can help distinguish between these competitor candidates. We present in this paper Y abundances for a sample of 103 red giant branch stars in NGC 6121. Within measurement errors, we find that the [Y/Fe] is constant in this cluster contrary to a recent suggestion. For a subsample of six stars we also find [Rb/Fe] to be constant, consistent with previous studies showing no variation in other s-process elements. We also present a new set of stellar yields for IM-AGB stellar models of 5 and 6M☉, including heavy element s-process abundances. The uncertainties on the mass-loss rate, the mixing length parameter and the nuclear reaction rates have a major impact on the stellar abundances. Within the IM-AGB pollution scenario, the constant abundance of heavy elements inside the cluster requires a marginal s-process efficiency in IM-AGB stars. Such a constrain could still be satisfied by the present models assuming a stronger mass-loss rate. The uncertainties mentioned above are limiting the predictive power of IM-AGB models. For these reasons, at the moment we are not able to clearly rule out their role as main polluters of the second population stars in globular clusters.

Abstract Copyright: © 2013 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society (2013)

Journal keyword(s): stars: abundances - stars: AGB and post-AGB - globular clusters: individual: NGC 6121

Simbad objects: 116

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Number of rows : 116
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 104 GlC 00 24 05.359 -72 04 53.20     4.09     ~ 4158 0
2 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 12317 1
3 NAME Magellanic Clouds GrG 03 00 -71.0           ~ 7988 0
4 NGC 1851 GlC 05 14 06.76 -40 02 47.6           ~ 1529 0
5 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
6 NGC 2808 GlC 09 12 03.10 -64 51 48.6           ~ 1540 0
7 NGC 5139 GlC 13 26 47.28 -47 28 46.1           ~ 3677 0
8 * alf Boo RG* 14 15 39.67207 +19 10 56.6730 2.46 1.18 -0.05 -1.03 -1.68 K1.5IIIFe-0.5 2417 1
9 M 5 GlC 15 18 33.22 +02 04 51.7     5.95     ~ 2095 0
10 NGC 6121 474 RG* 16 23 13.9484472072 -26 33 24.539562864 14.89 13.556 12.055   10.286 ~ 33 0
11 2MASS J16231442-2636055 RG* 16 23 14.4181955592 -26 36 05.547999564 14.64 12.73 10.88 9.80 9.04 ~ 46 0
12 Cl* NGC 6121 LEE 2422 RG* 16 23 14.5990497360 -26 30 46.990708560 15.05 13.901 12.482   10.813 ~ 22 0
13 NGC 6121 471 RG* 16 23 16.5623721744 -26 32 09.733929072 14.79 13.236 11.661   9.896 ~ 37 0
14 NGC 6121 424 RG* 16 23 16.9017005856 -26 29 47.955475500 15.28 14.389 13.100   11.559 ~ 22 0
15 Cl* NGC 6121 MVP 32151 RG* 16 23 20.9015267688 -26 31 36.885552960 15.41 14.59 13.307   11.722 ~ 9 0
16 Cl* NGC 6121 MVP 32121 RG* 16 23 21.1518974424 -26 31 37.769578860 15.49 14.67 13.403   11.816 ~ 12 0
17 NGC 6121 80 RG* 16 23 21.1603540392 -26 30 44.093082780 15.77 15.06 13.855   12.320 ~ 14 0
18 2MASS J16232139-2631093 RG* 16 23 21.3967742952 -26 31 09.453054504 14.54 13.281 11.801   10.099 ~ 29 0
19 NGC 6121 352 RG* 16 23 21.6956365512 -26 26 46.944146328 15.61 14.821 13.565   12.031 ~ 21 0
20 Cl* NGC 6121 MVP 33946 RG* 16 23 21.9541703184 -26 30 32.055462756 15.63 14.878 13.643   12.148 ~ 17 0
21 2MASS J16232209-2630520 RG* 16 23 22.1000184168 -26 30 52.107477768 15.51 14.84 13.621   12.063 ~ 7 0
22 NGC 6121 353 RG* 16 23 22.6533747336 -26 26 22.202991384 15.02 14.032 12.651   11.014 ~ 21 0
23 Cl* NGC 6121 S 1753 RG* 16 23 23.0205576120 -26 30 33.673417092 15.48 14.661 13.459   11.906 ~ 11 0
24 NGC 6121 240 RG* 16 23 23.0552864928 -26 33 32.339018160 15.28 14.413 13.112   11.546 ~ 16 0
25 NGC 6121 241 RG* 16 23 23.5445994696 -26 33 41.335025544 15.18 14.40 13.109   11.463 ~ 17 0
26 CD-26 11312 RG* 16 23 23.8093956576 -26 34 29.821786140 14.75 12.63 10.76   8.51 ~ 38 0
27 NGC 6121 35 RG* 16 23 24.0238740192 -26 30 00.551004264 15.17 14.128 12.776   11.162 ~ 20 0
28 NGC 6121 209 RG* 16 23 24.3734062920 -26 32 28.498772292 15.04 13.866 12.437   10.755 ~ 34 0
29 2MASS J16232465-2631114 RG* 16 23 24.6537603408 -26 31 11.501504652 15.65 14.893 13.630   12.089 ~ 12 0
30 Cl* NGC 6121 MVP 31845 RG* 16 23 24.8890788486 -26 31 47.412103302 15.23 14.319 13.019   11.451 ~ 12 0
31 NGC 6121 2 RG* 16 23 24.9961632504 -26 29 25.029889944 15.66 14.937 13.725   12.239 ~ 17 0
32 NGC 6121 243 RG* 16 23 25.3052755200 -26 33 29.260116612 15.17 14.157 12.815   11.201 ~ 15 0
33 NGC 6121 211 RG* 16 23 26.7463955208 -26 32 38.855793840 15.44 14.588 13.290   11.716 ~ 20 0
34 NGC 6121 154 RG* 16 23 26.9462895216 -26 31 31.372012704 15.06 13.898 12.485   10.788 ~ 37 0
35 NGC 6121 89 RG* 16 23 27.0069390312 -26 30 44.470825020 15.38 14.555 13.291   11.764 ~ 15 0
36 NGC 6121 244 RG* 16 23 27.0867816384 -26 33 29.744986932 15.32 14.630 13.361   11.786 ~ 19 0
37 NGC 6121 90 RG* 16 23 27.4228316424 -26 30 59.620969476 15.30 14.39 13.073   11.427 ~ 15 0
38 NGC 6121 45 RG* 16 23 29.1248946984 -26 30 29.805818400 14.92 13.354 11.781   9.988 ~ 48 0
39 NGC 6121 6 RG* 16 23 29.5109139504 -26 29 11.711659776 14.88 13.678 12.246   10.565 ~ 35 0
40 NGC 6121 248 RG* 16 23 30.2119878648 -26 33 24.202101456 14.60 13.519 12.156   10.47 ~ 24 0
41 Cl* NGC 6121 LEE 1619 RG* 16 23 31.4246685816 -26 33 11.109816900 14.67 13.259 11.744   9.982 ~ 20 0
42 NGC 6121 47 RG* 16 23 31.4508993312 -26 30 24.792840288 14.98 13.864 12.471   10.834 ~ 21 0
43 NGC 6121 592 RG* 16 23 31.5128188008 -26 36 18.512950140 15.38 14.708 13.456   11.910 ~ 17 0
44 2MASS J16233236-2629222 RG* 16 23 32.3636738232 -26 29 22.281240948 15.66 14.992 13.880   12.368 ~ 18 0
45 2MASS J16233304-2632388 RG* 16 23 33.0442826328 -26 32 38.824073988 15.72 15.07 13.88   12.26 ~ 4 0
46 Cl* NGC 6121 MVP 30653 RG* 16 23 33.1031047080 -26 32 30.656495904 15.23 14.377 13.082   11.515 ~ 9 0
47 2MASS J16233315-2632345 RG* 16 23 33.1562353296 -26 32 34.625022612 15.52 14.86 13.66   12.05 ~ 4 0
48 Cl* NGC 6121 LEE 1621 RG* 16 23 33.3816269160 -26 33 14.945612796 15.65 14.864 13.612   12.079 ~ 19 0
49 2MASS J16233380-2627497 RG* 16 23 33.8060898888 -26 27 49.766327352 15.61 14.90 13.677   12.128 ~ 14 0
50 Cl* NGC 6121 MVP 32782 RG* 16 23 33.850 -26 31 14.30 15.81 15.10 13.94   12.38 ~ 4 0
51 Cl* NGC 6121 SAW V17 RG* 16 23 34.0238324712 -26 31 07.863637404 15.06 14.188 12.891   11.331 ~ 12 0
52 NGC 6121 254 RG* 16 23 34.1256590760 -26 33 03.928892112 15.48 14.75 13.470   11.847 ~ 14 0
53 2MASS J16233418-2632485 RG* 16 23 34.1844165672 -26 32 48.545869452 15.52 14.832 13.595   12.063 ~ 10 0
54 2MASS J16233493-2631584 RG* 16 23 34.9485563544 -26 31 58.471652964 15.28 14.53 13.33   11.76 ~ 4 0
55 2MASS J16233510-2632199 RG* 16 23 35.1001124043 -26 32 19.824840777 15.48 14.79 13.61   12.03 ~ 4 0
56 Cl* NGC 6121 MVP 30598 RG* 16 23 35.1876213168 -26 32 32.502462396 14.72 13.49 11.999   10.208 ~ 15 0
57 M 4 GlC 16 23 35.22 -26 31 32.7           ~ 1978 0
58 2MASS J16233530-2632166 RG* 16 23 35.3071573536 -26 32 16.645342848 14.91 14.211 12.997   11.359 ~ 8 0
59 NGC 6121 116 RG* 16 23 35.7940031520 -26 30 42.366021552 15.29 14.66 13.435   11.889 ~ 14 0
60 NGC 6121 256 RG* 16 23 35.9270965968 -26 33 34.525803132 15.72 14.95 13.685   12.067 ~ 15 0
61 2MASS J16233596-2631215 RG* 16 23 35.962 -26 31 21.57 15.46 14.80 13.61   12.03 ~ 4 0
62 Cl* NGC 6121 MVP 30675 RG* 16 23 36.5688109061 -26 32 29.700401407 15.52 14.77 13.58   12.00 ~ 9 0
63 NGC 6121 60 RG* 16 23 36.5811712320 -26 30 20.101500180 14.86 13.74 12.322   10.613 ~ 20 0
64 Cl* NGC 6121 MVP 30719 RG* 16 23 36.742 -26 32 28.17 15.79 15.13 13.925   12.405 ~ 6 0
65 2MASS J16233700-2630229 RG* 16 23 37.0066584768 -26 30 22.987248516 15.63 15.08 13.95   12.44 ~ 4 0
66 2MASS J16233712-2633500 RG* 16 23 37.1349921744 -26 33 50.091976332 15.43 14.76 13.489   11.856 ~ 10 0
67 Cl* NGC 6121 MVP 36356 RG* 16 23 37.9512411456 -26 28 41.365716744 15.52 14.759 13.521   12.010 ~ 13 0
68 2MASS J16233821-2631488 RG* 16 23 38.2233472922 -26 31 48.868038721 15.77 15.14 13.943   12.437 ~ 9 0
69 NGC 6121 545 RG* 16 23 38.2590071376 -26 35 55.199209632 15.69 14.94 13.668   12.055 ~ 18 0
70 NGC 6121 127 RG* 16 23 38.2953264850 -26 31 07.189002365 15.43 14.88 13.700 13.445 12.195 ~ 13 0
71 2MASS J16233857-2630380 RG* 16 23 38.5699184424 -26 30 38.182346892 15.15 14.227 12.930   11.389 F0 14 0
72 NGC 6121 23 RG* 16 23 38.6102366832 -26 29 15.996407460 15.32 14.48 13.223   11.657 ~ 15 0
73 NGC 6121 370 RG* 16 23 38.8582043016 -26 25 42.784867632 15.26 14.362 13.071   11.528 ~ 26 0
74 NGC 6121 187 RG* 16 23 38.9271321168 -26 32 03.588004932 15.37 14.52 13.29   11.68 ~ 11 0
75 Cl* NGC 6121 LEE 3218 RG* 16 23 38.9433422448 -26 22 09.505604856 15.60 14.78 13.592   12.033 ~ 15 0
76 NGC 6121 132 RG* 16 23 39.4862873136 -26 31 11.471910204 14.82 13.931 12.635   11.070 ~ 18 0
77 NGC 6121 27 RG* 16 23 39.9822671376 -26 28 49.036544760 14.74 13.304 11.743   9.938 ~ 50 0
78 Cl* NGC 6121 ALC 163 RG* 16 23 40.0065763152 -26 39 03.171895452 16.89 14.668 13.443   11.916 ~ 14 0
79 2MASS J16234010-2631397 RG* 16 23 40.1048966976 -26 31 39.881417484 14.71 13.308 11.804   10.063 ~ 11 0
80 2MASS J16234011-2631171 RG* 16 23 40.1155268640 -26 31 17.273029548 14.88 13.86 12.473   10.781 ~ 14 0
81 NGC 6121 71 RG* 16 23 40.9146947328 -26 30 09.401896656 15.49 14.78 13.570   12.072 ~ 16 0
82 NGC 6121 600 RG* 16 23 40.9203645192 -26 37 23.519488260 15.11 14.234 12.934   11.362 ~ 23 0
83 2MASS J16234098-2631301 RG* 16 23 40.9905392328 -26 31 30.249339708   14.072 12.755   11.117 ~ 14 0
84 2MASS J16234174-2631166 RG* 16 23 41.7520601112 -26 31 16.625136864 15.53 14.82 13.568   12.017 ~ 6 0
85 NGC 6121 72 RG* 16 23 41.7586076760 -26 29 46.773230316 15.68 15.02 13.807   12.284 ~ 18 0
86 2MASS J16234225-2632061 RG* 16 23 42.2604992832 -26 32 06.243594216 15.79 15.12 13.927   12.414 ~ 13 0
87 2MASS J16234260-2633174 RG* 16 23 42.6021374304 -26 33 17.495740584 15.53 14.961 13.793   12.23 ~ 9 0
88 Cl* NGC 6121 SAW V54 RG* 16 23 42.8012546448 -26 29 27.609257292 17.79 13.98 12.66 11.86 11.06 ~ 23 0
89 Cl* NGC 6121 ALC 318 RG* 16 23 43.0923509424 -26 28 07.468793256 15.50 14.75 13.548   12.047 ~ 21 0
90 Cl* NGC 6121 MVP 31665 RG* 16 23 43.2191756904 -26 31 53.948322912 14.94 14.12 12.797   11.159 ~ 10 0
91 Cl* NGC 6121 SAW V60 RG* 16 23 45.2128635960 -26 33 56.900805768 15.54 14.82 13.56 12.79 12.02 ~ 23 0
92 Cl* NGC 6121 SAW V56 RG* 16 23 45.9300539040 -26 33 38.946380148 15.02 14.24 12.93 12.13 11.35 ~ 22 0
93 NGC 6121 237 RG* 16 23 46.3293066912 -26 32 27.251725560 14.83 13.586 12.145   10.480 ~ 27 0
94 Cl* NGC 6121 SAW V57 RG* 16 23 46.9279043904 -26 33 43.899680520 15.22 14.256 12.980   11.341 ~ 23 0
95 NGC 6121 144 RG* 16 23 47.6473765008 -26 31 04.240658316 15.45 14.704 13.484   12.007 ~ 16 0
96 NGC 6121 78 RG* 16 23 47.8825228152 -26 29 48.285234744 15.50 14.783 13.575   12.106 ~ 26 0
97 2MASS J16234798-2632428 RG* 16 23 47.9909896704 -26 32 42.908457516 15.64 15.00 13.789   12.288 ~ 13 0
98 Cl* NGC 6121 MVP 27448 RG* 16 23 48.7977828528 -26 35 09.179191752   13.219 11.691   9.909 ~ 18 0
99 Cl* NGC 6121 LEE 3508 RG* 16 23 48.992 -26 29 19.17 15.48 14.94 13.798   12.311 ~ 16 0
100 NGC 6121 478 RG* 16 23 50.1548234376 -26 32 19.496693760 15.46 14.70 13.440   11.902 ~ 16 0
101 NGC 6121 431 RG* 16 23 50.2613060976 -26 29 25.894920300 15.33 14.610 13.408   11.957 ~ 14 0
102 NGC 6121 385 RG* 16 23 53.0053327056 -26 28 06.600361584 15.43 14.744 13.520   12.033 ~ 20 0
103 2MASS J16235358-2634151 RG* 16 23 53.5834359408 -26 34 15.161300760 14.93 13.892 12.534   10.908 ~ 29 0
104 2MASS J16235384-2633525 RG* 16 23 53.8477290288 -26 33 52.539302124 15.13 14.193 12.892   11.327 ~ 19 0
105 2MASS J16235482-2631199 RG* 16 23 54.8223806664 -26 31 19.949551500 15.01 14.34 13.14   11.59 ~ 10 0
106 Cl* NGC 6121 LEE 4421 RG* 16 23 57.4695205632 -26 32 24.861086484 14.99 13.980 12.642   11.055 ~ 22 0
107 NGC 6121 560 RG* 16 23 58.3527495504 -26 35 39.042865968 14.84 13.918 12.609   11.034 ~ 21 0
108 2MASS J16240090-2635531 RG* 16 24 00.9074418912 -26 35 53.138995080 14.95 13.954 12.592   10.948 ~ 10 0
109 Cl* NGC 6121 LEE 3401 RG* 16 24 01.2087134664 -26 31 32.698914276 15.27 14.592 13.401   11.951 ~ 15 0
110 NGC 6121 446 RG* 16 24 04.2921836568 -26 30 27.980605692 14.93 14.231 12.995   11.493 ~ 16 0
111 Cl* NGC 6121 ALC 123 RG* 16 24 05.7182452968 -26 33 01.081766484 15.51 14.91 13.795   12.259 ~ 13 0
112 Cl* NGC 6121 ALC 125 RG* 16 24 07.6713313608 -26 34 25.176038376 15.63 15.03 13.896   12.333 ~ 14 0
113 Cl* NGC 6121 ALC 119 RG* 16 24 15.8913534552 -26 32 27.471227316 15.02 14.278 13.033   11.540 ~ 16 0
114 M 22 GlC 18 36 23.94 -23 54 17.1           ~ 1459 0
115 M 54 GlC 18 55 03.33 -30 28 47.5           ~ 1164 0
116 NGC 6752 GlC 19 10 52.11 -59 59 04.4           ~ 2121 0

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