2013MNRAS.435..623V

Query : 2013MNRAS.435..623V

2013MNRAS.435..623V - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 435, 623-649 (2013/October-2)

MegaMorph - multiwavelength measurement of galaxy structure. Sersic profile fits to galaxies near and far.

VIKA M., BAMFORD S.P., HAUSSLER B., ROJAS A.L., BORCH A. and NICHOL R.C.

Abstract (from CDS):

We demonstrate a new multiwavelength technique for two-dimensional parametric modelling of galaxy surface-brightness profiles, which we have incorporated into the widely used software galfit. Our new method, named galfitm, extends galfit3's current single-band fitting process by simultaneously using multiple images of the same galaxy to constrain a wavelength-dependent model. Each standard profile parameter may vary as a function of wavelength, with a user-definable degree of smoothness, from constant to fully free. The performance of galfitm is evaluated by fitting elliptical Sérsic profiles to ugriz imaging data for 4026 galaxies, comprising the original Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) imaging for 163 low-redshift (v ≲ 7000 km/s) galaxies and 3863 artificially redshifted (0.01 ≲ z ≲ 0.25) images of the same galaxies. Comparing results from single-band and multiband techniques, we show that galfitm significantly improves the extraction of information, particularly from bands with low signal-to-noise ratio (e.g. u and z SDSS bands) when combined with higher signal-to-noise images. We also study systematic trends in the recovered parameters, particularly Sérsic index, that appear when one performs measurements of the same galaxies at successively higher redshifts. We argue that it is vital that studies investigating the evolution of galaxy structure are careful to avoid or correct for these biases. The resulting multiband photometric structural parameters for our sample of 163 galaxies are provided. We demonstrate the importance of considering multiband measurements by showing that the Sérsic indices of spiral galaxies increase to redder wavelengths, as expected for composite bulge-disc systems. Finally, for the ellipticals in our sample, which should be well represented by single-Sérsic models, we compare our measured parameters to those from previous studies.

Abstract Copyright: © 2013 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society (2013)

Journal keyword(s): methods: data analysis - techniques: image processing - galaxies: fundamental parameters - galaxies: photometry - galaxies: structure

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/MNRAS/435/623): table1.dat>

Simbad objects: 168

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Number of rows : 168
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 428 AGN 01 12 55.709 +00 58 53.69   12.1   12.0 12.1 ~ 247 0
2 NGC 450 H2G 01 15 30.4565036568 -00 51 39.125259576   13.4   13.3 13.2 ~ 240 0
3 MCG-02-05-053 LSB 01 49 10.384 -10 03 38.54   13.1   12.37 13.4 ~ 73 0
4 NGC 701 GiG 01 51 03.8830973976 -09 42 09.227365200   12.8   11.59 12.6 ~ 185 0
5 NGC 853 Sy1 02 11 41.482 -09 18 16.33   13.5   12.29 13.2 ~ 61 0
6 NGC 941 EmG 02 28 27.847 -01 09 05.61   12.8   13.0 12.9 ~ 158 0
7 NGC 988 Sy1 02 35 27.7649212080 -09 21 21.933984312   11.73   11.01 11.6 ~ 110 0
8 Z 388-58 LSB 02 36 00.9711009024 +00 25 12.699084072   14.0   13.7 14.2 ~ 71 0
9 NGC 1042 SyG 02 40 23.9724818544 -08 26 00.736256616 11.47 11.56 11.02 11.7 11.4 ~ 286 1
10 M 77 Sy2 02 42 40.7091669408 -00 00 47.859690204 9.70 9.61 8.87 10.1 9.9 ~ 4897 2
11 NGC 1084 EmG 02 45 59.926 -07 34 43.10 11.22 11.59 10.73 10.55 11.1 ~ 386 2
12 NGC 1087 H2G 02 46 25.1550134904 -00 29 55.457857644   11.5   11.4 11.5 ~ 379 0
13 NGC 1299 EmG 03 20 09.6888266184 -06 15 43.319030184   13.85   13.7 13.2 ~ 74 1
14 NGC 2543 GiP 08 12 57.955 +36 15 16.23   12.70       ~ 182 1
15 NGC 2541 GiG 08 14 40.1160678912 +49 03 42.021679932 12.03 12.26 11.80     ~ 333 1
16 Z 237-1 EmG 08 26 04.3889749464 +45 58 03.362401740   13.35       ~ 104 1
17 NGC 2639 Sy2 08 43 38.0682469032 +50 12 19.942091604 12.90 12.56 11.65     ~ 451 2
18 NGC 2684 GiG 08 54 54.0449415936 +49 09 37.459659996   13.4       ~ 54 0
19 Z 5-39 EmG 08 56 40.708 +00 22 30.42   14.00   13.8 13.9 ~ 69 1
20 NGC 2701 AG? 08 59 05.7548164296 +53 46 17.613711228   12.3       ~ 112 0
21 NGC 2712 Sy2 08 59 30.4854395352 +44 54 50.079495852   12.30       ~ 194 0
22 NGC 2742 GiG 09 07 33.5746410432 +60 28 45.818789124   12.0       ~ 214 0
23 NGC 2775 AG? 09 10 20.1334093488 +07 02 16.874157048   11.417 10.481 9.920 8.994 ~ 377 0
24 NGC 2776 AGN 09 12 14.531 +44 57 17.62   12.249 11.693 11.285 10.77 ~ 176 0
25 NGC 2841 LIN 09 22 02.6778711696 +50 58 35.737082868 10.43 10.09 9.22     ~ 1113 1
26 NGC 2967 EmG 09 42 03.2933676504 +00 20 11.109810012   12.1   12.2 11.9 ~ 171 0
27 NGC 3023 GiP 09 49 52.636 +00 37 04.36   13.3 12.70 13.4 13.6 ~ 107 1
28 NGC 3055 AG? 09 55 18.0694667208 +04 16 12.034089444   12.3       ~ 126 1
29 M 81 Sy2 09 55 33.1726556496 +69 03 55.062505368   7.89 6.94     ~ 4725 3
30 NGC 3246 AG? 10 26 41.766 +03 51 43.59   13.8       ~ 81 0
31 NGC 3259 Sy1 10 32 34.8614764344 +65 02 27.906884844   17.55 16.89     ~ 169 0
32 NGC 3310 AGN 10 38 45.85707 +53 30 11.8940   12.45 12.15     ~ 809 1
33 NGC 3359 EmG 10 46 36.845 +63 13 25.10 10.83 11.03 10.57     ~ 380 1
34 Z 267-15 AGN 10 49 05.0478242832 +52 20 07.788652296   14.6       ~ 94 0
35 NGC 3423 SyG 10 51 14.3245691976 +05 50 24.158965920   12.1       ~ 191 0
36 NGC 3430 GiP 10 52 11.3923421616 +32 57 01.545623100   12.2       ~ 235 0
37 NGC 3486 Sy2 11 00 23.946 +28 58 29.35 10.89 11.11 10.53 10.40   ~ 373 1
38 NGC 3488 AG? 11 01 23.595 +57 40 39.88   13.7       ~ 88 0
39 NGC 3521 EmG 11 05 48.5680991376 -00 02 09.245076540 10.06 9.83 9.02 10.1 9.6 ~ 879 2
40 Z 267-41 AG? 11 06 54.697 +51 12 12.16   14.20       ~ 81 0
41 NGC 3583 GiG 11 14 10.979 +48 19 06.16   11.6       ~ 220 1
42 NGC 3593 GiG 11 14 36.9731893800 +12 49 05.497790664   11.8       ~ 376 2
43 NGC 3589 AG? 11 15 13.518 +60 42 03.31   14.5       ~ 51 0
44 Z 268-16 GiP 11 17 46.5044324592 +51 28 35.414517828   13.7       ~ 70 0
45 NGC 3631 AG? 11 21 02.8871865144 +53 10 10.415331660   11.0       ~ 385 1
46 NGC 3642 LIN 11 22 17.9010437568 +59 04 28.275641436   14.86 14.04     ~ 220 0
47 Z 268-46 AG? 11 32 20.405 +53 54 16.60   14.6       ~ 31 0
48 NGC 3756 GiG 11 36 48.0255259872 +54 17 36.721532292   12.1       ~ 193 0
49 IC 724 LIN 11 43 34.6616088960 +08 56 32.835152400   13.8       ~ 87 0
50 NGC 3888 H2G 11 47 34.33227 +55 58 02.1290   12.6       ~ 146 1
51 NGC 3893 GiG 11 48 38.207 +48 42 38.84   11.23 10.67     ~ 391 1
52 NGC 3898 LIN 11 49 15.370 +56 05 03.66   11.7       ~ 329 1
53 NGC 3938 GiG 11 52 49.4335936248 +44 07 14.697085116 10.80 10.90 10.38     ~ 566 1
54 Z 13-4 EmG 11 55 36.866 +01 14 14.43   13.623 13.011 12.508 11.890 ~ 123 0
55 NGC 3982 Sy2 11 56 28.1445516072 +55 07 30.859586652   12.20 11.70 11.18   ~ 588 1
56 M 109 GiG 11 57 35.9631479640 +53 22 29.006082336   10.94   9.57   ~ 483 0
57 NGC 4030 EmG 12 00 23.6102390784 -01 06 00.197099136   11.42   10.3 10.4 ~ 361 1
58 NGC 4041 SyG 12 02 12.2376697152 +62 08 14.096124312   11.6       ~ 270 1
59 NGC 4102 Sy2 12 06 23.11513 +52 42 39.4160   11.8       ~ 449 1
60 NGC 4108 GiP 12 06 44.5541959920 +67 09 47.278598328   13.04       ~ 81 1
61 NGC 4108B GiP 12 07 11.437 +67 14 06.60   14.29       ~ 53 1
62 NGC 4116 GiP 12 07 37.156 +02 41 25.59   12.41 11.97     ~ 183 2
63 NGC 4123 AGN 12 08 11.1187718376 +02 52 41.781736956   13.1       ~ 352 2
64 NGC 4168 Sy2 12 12 17.2692381408 +13 12 18.688208724 12.58 12.11 11.18     ~ 393 1
65 NGC 4210 LIN 12 15 15.8513778552 +65 59 07.052376192   13.4       ~ 148 0
66 NGC 4215 GiG 12 15 54.5328986304 +06 24 04.120817832   13.0       ~ 133 0
67 M 99 H2G 12 18 49.625 +14 24 59.36 10.45 10.44 9.87     ~ 1004 2
68 NGC 4255 GiG 12 18 56.1463134360 +04 47 10.064149440   13.5       ~ 108 0
69 NGC 4261 LIN 12 19 23.2160630 +05 49 29.700024   13.92 12.87     ~ 1290 0
70 NGC 4268 GiP 12 19 47.2123036128 +05 17 01.556546928   13.9       ~ 122 0
71 NGC 4270 GiP 12 19 49.4714861496 +05 27 48.394930572   13.3       ~ 188 0
72 NGC 4274 LIN 12 19 50.5930710456 +29 36 53.238538764 11.78 11.34 10.41     ~ 263 1
73 NGC 4273 H2G 12 19 56.063 +05 20 36.12   12.3       ~ 274 0
74 NGC 4281 GiG 12 20 21.5246429784 +05 23 11.188759092   12.5       ~ 195 0
75 M 61 Sy2 12 21 54.9282582888 +04 28 25.597367184 10.07 10.18 9.65     ~ 1084 1
76 M 100 AGN 12 22 54.9299993592 +15 49 20.296257960 10.04 10.05 9.35     ~ 1963 2
77 NGC 4339 GiP 12 23 34.9398092592 +06 04 54.467043780   13.1       ~ 255 0
78 NGC 4342 GiP 12 23 39.0032044488 +07 03 14.359499100   13.0       ~ 337 0
79 NGC 4352 GiG 12 24 05.0220445416 +11 13 05.086056576   14.0       ~ 174 0
80 NGC 4360 rG 12 24 21.6942412560 +09 17 34.011051432   13.9       ~ 64 0
81 NGC 4365 GiG 12 24 28.228 +07 19 03.07   11.5       ~ 871 0
82 NGC 4370 GiG 12 24 54.932 +07 26 40.44 16.09 15.59 13.84     ~ 148 0
83 M 84 Sy2 12 25 03.74333 +12 53 13.1393 12.67 12.09 10.49     ~ 1841 2
84 NGC 4378 Sy2 12 25 18.1024266072 +04 55 30.485595360   14.51 13.49     ~ 251 0
85 NGC 4387 GiG 12 25 41.6768484264 +12 48 37.804615956 13.42 13.01 12.12   10.87 ~ 409 1
86 M 86 GiG 12 26 11.814 +12 56 45.49 10.32 9.83 8.90   7.50 ~ 1126 1
87 NGC 4415 GiG 12 26 40.4842511880 +08 26 08.595255480   14.2       ~ 120 0
88 NGC 4419 LIN 12 26 56.4505296720 +15 02 50.688833388 12.42 12.08 11.16     ~ 419 2
89 NGC 4431 GiP 12 27 27.3817521552 +12 17 25.041554808 14.17 13.74 12.89     ~ 171 2
90 NGC 4434 GiG 12 27 36.6771662112 +08 09 15.640206876   13.2       ~ 275 0
91 NGC 4436 GiP 12 27 41.2343736168 +12 18 57.193481304 14.20 13.91 12.98     ~ 138 1
92 NGC 4450 LIN 12 28 29.5910654016 +17 05 05.976112020   10.90 10.08     ~ 587 2
93 NGC 4452 GiG 12 28 43.2980346552 +11 45 18.201826692 13.27 12.87 11.98     ~ 215 1
94 NGC 4458 GiP 12 28 57.5613938232 +13 14 30.946545276 13.27 12.93 12.07     ~ 429 2
95 NGC 4459 H2G 12 29 00.0329905416 +13 58 42.826603332   11.6       ~ 567 0
96 NGC 4464 GiG 12 29 21.2937802368 +08 09 23.807609316   13.5       ~ 242 0
97 M 49 Sy2 12 29 46.8 +08 00 01   13.21 12.17     ~ 2174 2
98 NGC 4473 GiG 12 29 48.878 +13 25 45.55 11.60 11.16 10.20     ~ 671 1
99 NGC 4474 GiG 12 29 53.5396737408 +14 04 06.881708604   12.6       ~ 278 0
100 NGC 4476 GiG 12 29 59.0772974472 +12 20 55.292203464 13.28 13.01 12.19     ~ 340 1
101 NGC 4478 GiP 12 30 17.4160005576 +12 19 42.790577160 12.82 12.36 11.45   10.17 ~ 508 1
102 NGC 4480 GiG 12 30 26.7893754432 +04 14 47.674860000   13.4       ~ 161 0
103 M 87 AGN 12 30 49.42338414 +12 23 28.0436859 10.16 9.59 8.63   7.49 ~ 7815 3
104 NGC 4496 GiP 12 31 39.2222392512 +03 56 21.641352828   11.71       ~ 376 0
105 IC 3468 GiG 12 32 14.2119323256 +10 15 05.173970472   14.6       ~ 148 0
106 NGC 4517A H2G 12 32 27.94560 +00 23 26.2716   12.7   12.8 12.9 ~ 124 0
107 NGC 4512 LSB 12 32 33.67176 +63 52 39.7236   14.7       ~ 67 0
108 NGC 4545 GiG 12 34 34.1624104704 +63 31 30.268350660   13.1       ~ 100 0
109 IC 3540 GiC 12 35 27.2277280584 +12 45 00.945699012   14.8       ~ 68 0
110 NGC 4550 GiP 12 35 30.5913588048 +12 13 14.921166792 12.97 12.56 11.68     ~ 558 1
111 NGC 4551 GiP 12 35 37.9542692328 +12 15 50.284593432 13.49 12.97 12.02     ~ 371 1
112 M 89 Sy2 12 35 39.80733343 +12 33 22.8308657 11.29 10.73 9.75     ~ 1037 2
113 NGC 4564 GiG 12 36 26.9869512504 +11 26 21.204472848 12.51 12.05 11.12     ~ 615 1
114 NGC 4570 GiG 12 36 53.3828233728 +07 14 47.697174852   11.8       ~ 342 0
115 NGC 4600 GiG 12 40 22.9627113552 +03 07 03.939347640           ~ 97 1
116 IC 3653 GiG 12 41 15.7273825296 +11 23 13.997694300   14.7       ~ 122 0
117 M 59 GiG 12 42 02.2581375168 +11 38 48.909507756   11.0       ~ 721 0
118 NGC 4623 GiG 12 42 10.6913697096 +07 40 37.130799216   13.24       ~ 210 1
119 NGC 4638 GiP 12 42 47.4239240016 +11 26 32.970950556   12.2 11.23     ~ 295 1
120 NGC 4636 LIN 12 42 49.8333280080 +02 41 15.951929028   12.62 11.84     ~ 1156 1
121 M 60 GiC 12 43 39.9708251934 +11 33 09.688174067   10.3       ~ 1395 1
122 NGC 4653 EmG 12 43 50.9205045168 -00 33 40.575860064   12.6   12.6 12.3 ~ 129 1
123 NGC 4660 GiP 12 44 31.9814021280 +11 11 25.739106972   12.1       ~ 434 0
124 NGC 4668 EmG 12 45 31.941 -00 32 02.36   13.5   12.714   ~ 138 0
125 NGC 4698 Sy2 12 48 22.9082830584 +08 29 14.667552276   13.24 12.27     ~ 507 0
126 NGC 4725 Sy2 12 50 26.5716367992 +25 30 02.733090588   13.45 12.44     ~ 727 2
127 M 94 SyG 12 50 53.0737971432 +41 07 12.900884628 9.15 8.96 8.24 7.78   ~ 1476 2
128 Z 15-37 EmG 12 55 12.6507011952 +00 07 00.036186204   14.694   16.214 12.7 ~ 155 0
129 NGC 4845 Sy2 12 58 01.24153 +01 34 32.0880   17.40 16.31     ~ 259 1
130 Z 43-84 AG? 12 58 22.057 +02 47 32.23   15.0       ~ 65 0
131 NGC 4900 AGN 13 00 39.1193785512 +02 30 05.154593868   12.8       ~ 267 1
132 NGC 4904 Sy1 13 00 58.667 -00 01 38.83   13.2       ~ 169 0
133 Z 316-12 AG? 13 08 54.4905494664 +62 18 22.784280336   13.7       ~ 38 0
134 M 63 LIN 13 15 49.2741893928 +42 01 45.728076108   9.34 8.59 8.35   ~ 1292 2
135 NGC 5147 H2G 13 26 19.7264077272 +02 06 02.697188760   12.7       ~ 120 0
136 NGC 5218 AGN 13 32 10.4297476488 +62 46 04.122362532   13.1       ~ 181 1
137 Z 271-56 LSB 13 40 39.910 +54 19 58.81   14.4       ~ 73 0
138 NGC 5300 EmG 13 48 16.0374180816 +03 57 03.109732632   13.7       ~ 151 0
139 NGC 5334 LSB 13 52 54.4632396696 -01 06 52.604999568   12.0   12.3 12.1 ~ 177 0
140 NGC 5376 LIN 13 55 16.0377831672 +59 30 23.912235072   12.9       ~ 107 0
141 NGC 5364 GiP 13 56 12.004 +05 00 52.06   13.2       ~ 273 0
142 NGC 5430 AGN 14 00 45.820 +59 19 43.14   12.7       ~ 261 1
143 NGC 5480 AG? 14 06 21.522 +50 43 29.99   12.6       ~ 224 1
144 NGC 5584 EmG 14 22 23.811 -00 23 14.82   12.80   12.0 11.8 ~ 298 0
145 Z 19-12 EmG 14 23 27.1688465352 +01 43 34.412659176   13.16   12.555 13.0 ~ 124 1
146 NGC 5624 AG? 14 26 35.598 +51 35 10.44   14.1       ~ 44 0
147 NGC 5660 GiG 14 29 49.8189307200 +49 37 21.609211800   12.2       ~ 127 1
148 NGC 5667 GiG 14 30 22.888 +59 28 10.84   13.1       ~ 74 0
149 NGC 5668 AG? 14 33 24.3419973936 +04 27 01.650790800   12.7       ~ 226 0
150 NGC 5693 GiP 14 36 11.151 +48 35 04.31   14.5       ~ 83 0
151 NGC 5713 GiG 14 40 11.528 -00 17 21.16 11.88 11.84 11.20     ~ 421 2
152 NGC 5768 Sy1 14 52 07.9533849360 -02 31 47.096307192   14.20   13.2 13.5 ~ 108 0
153 IC 1067 GiP 14 53 05.2360267944 +03 19 54.337726776   13.6       ~ 98 0
154 NGC 5774 GiP 14 53 42.46224 +03 34 56.9532   13.9 12.94     ~ 168 1
155 NGC 5806 Sy2 15 00 00.4088018736 +01 53 28.779594792   12.40 11.70 10.94 11.6 ~ 305 1
156 NGC 5850 LIN 15 07 07.6828131840 +01 32 39.513281352   11.5   10.79 11.1 ~ 330 1
157 NGC 5875A AG? 15 08 33.4989384408 +52 17 46.226634684   14.1       ~ 54 0
158 NGC 5879 AGN 15 09 46.7271710112 +57 00 00.538947900   11.9       ~ 262 0
159 Z 297-12 LSB 15 23 51.735 +58 03 11.23   14.6       ~ 85 0
160 NGC 5937 Sy2 15 30 46.1177972544 -02 49 46.042511232   13.1       ~ 96 1
161 IC 1125 EmG 15 33 05.5999846104 -01 37 41.827354968   13.8   13.9 13.7 ~ 87 0
162 IC 1158 AG? 16 01 34.072 +01 42 28.19   13.2   13.3 12.9 ~ 98 0
163 NGC 6070 AG? 16 09 58.6908501624 +00 42 33.266922696   12.1   12.3 12.0 ~ 166 0
164 NGC 6155 EmG 16 26 08.3352615552 +48 22 00.410482092   13.20       ~ 125 1
165 Z 139-38 AG? 17 08 25.5802213824 +25 31 02.318464344   14.2       ~ 65 0
166 NGC 6314 LIN 17 12 38.6880420672 +23 16 12.229407012 16.04 15.56 14.62 14.02 13.33 ~ 111 0
167 NGC 7437 LSB 22 58 10.049 +14 18 32.46   14.4       ~ 73 0
168 Z 381-16 AG? 23 37 24.151 +00 23 26.76   15.7       ~ 76 0

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