2014ApJ...780...27P

Query : 2014ApJ...780...27P

2014ApJ...780...27P - Astrophys. J., 780, 27 (2014/January-1)

The range of variation of the mass of the most massive star in stellar clusters derived from 35 million Monte Carlo simulations.

POPESCU B. and HANSON M.M.

Abstract (from CDS):

A growing fraction of simple stellar population models, in an aim to create more realistic simulations capable of including stochastic variation in their outputs, begin their simulations with a distribution of discrete stars following a power-law function of masses. Careful attention is needed to create a correctly sampled initial mass function (IMF), and here we provide a solid mathematical method, called MASSCLEAN IMF Sampling, for doing so. We use our method to perform 10 million MASSCLEAN Monte Carlo stellar cluster simulations to determine the most massive star in a mass distribution as a function of the total mass of the cluster. We find that a maximum mass range is predicted, not a single maximum mass. This range is (1) dependent on the total mass of the cluster and (2) independent of an upper stellar mass limit, Mlimit, for unsaturated clusters and emerges naturally from our IMF sampling method. We then turn our analysis around, starting with our new database of 25 million simulated clusters, to constrain the highest mass star from the observed integrated colors of a sample of 40 low-mass Large Magellanic Cloud stellar clusters of known age and mass. Finally, we present an analytical description of the maximum mass range of the most massive star as a function of the cluster's total mass and present a new Mmax-Mclusterrelation.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): open clusters and associations: general - galaxies: clusters: general - methods: analytical

Simbad objects: 137

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Number of rows : 137
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 LBN 119.57-00.92 HII 00 21 16 +61 43.5           ~ 39 0
2 IRAS 00420+5530 Y*? 00 44 57.31 +55 47 18.1           ~ 61 0
3 NGC 281 HII 00 52 25.1 +56 33 54           ~ 251 1
4 NAME AFGL 4029 IRS 1 Y*O 03 01 29.2 +60 29 12           ~ 112 1
5 SH 2-201 HII 03 03 17.9 +60 27 52           ~ 118 0
6 IRAS 03064+5638 HII 03 10 15.3 +56 50 18           ~ 28 0
7 NGC 1333 OpC 03 29 09.2 +31 20 59           ~ 1575 1
8 IC 348 1 * 03 43 24.7883592864 +32 17 38.548157640   14.33 12.78     K0III 7 0
9 IC 348 OpC 03 44 31.1 +32 10 02           ~ 1476 1
10 Cl Alicante 1 OpC 03 59 08 +57 14.4           ~ 18 0
11 LDN 1495E Cl* 04 13 30.7 +28 19 15           ~ 33 0
12 NAME Tau-Aur Complex SFR 04 30 +25.0           ~ 1453 0
13 EM* LkHA 101 Em* 04 30 14.4355820328 +35 16 23.983198932   17.91 15.71 13.33   F 376 1
14 LDN 1551 DNe 04 31 30.0 +18 12 30           ~ 823 1
15 NAME Kutner's Cloud MoC 04 32 44.6 +24 23 13           ~ 283 0
16 BSDL 25 As* 04 46 24 -72 33.5           ~ 4 0
17 BSDL 34 As* 04 47 28 -70 33.8           ~ 3 0
18 BSDL 137 Cl* 04 52 37 -68 01.4           ~ 6 0
19 KMHK 237 Cl* 04 54 01 -69 59.8           ~ 9 0
20 KMHK 253 OpC 04 54 38.660 -70 12 45.58           ~ 9 0
21 H88 24 Cl* 04 55 07 -67 29.0           ~ 10 0
22 BSDL 256 Cl* 04 55 37 -69 45.3           ~ 8 0
23 BSDL 295 Cl* 04 56 41 -69 27.9           ~ 7 0
24 BSDL 305 Cl* 04 57 05 -68 24.8           ~ 8 0
25 LHA 120-N 92 As* 04 57 05.8 -68 44 58           ~ 32 0
26 BSDL 349 Cl* 04 58 22 -69 36.2           ~ 7 0
27 BSDL 358 Cl* 04 58 43 -68 50.7           ~ 5 0
28 BSDL 499 As* 05 03 42 -70 42.2           ~ 5 0
29 HD 269052 * 05 04 56.9841666312 -70 42 56.937818772   12.27 12.27 12.15 12.16 A5 18 0
30 BSDL 579 As* 05 04 58 -70 31.1           ~ 7 0
31 KMHK 612 Cl* 05 09 47 -70 28.8           ~ 6 0
32 OGLE-CL LMC 169 Cl* 05 10 07.06 -69 05 15.2           ~ 10 0
33 KMHK 627 Cl* 05 10 40 -70 03.8           ~ 13 0
34 BSDL 917 Cl* 05 13 04 -70 26.9           ~ 7 0
35 LBN 784 HII 05 13 25.5 +37 27 01           ~ 83 0
36 OGLE-CL LMC 297 Cl* 05 16 52.07 -69 04 13.4           ~ 7 0
37 [MTR2002] Mol 8 A smm 05 17 13.7 +39 22 19           ~ 4 0
38 H88 266 Cl* 05 18 10.88 -69 16 52.7   16.0       ~ 11 0
39 [HS66] 245 Cl* 05 21 16 -69 28.8           ~ 7 0
40 NAME BCD 1 Cl* 05 21 30.04 -69 25 54.6   13.27 13.49     ~ 8 0
41 6C 051949+335341 HII 05 23 09.58 +33 58 14.1           ~ 26 1
42 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
43 KMHK 900 Cl* 05 26 29.660 -67 41 59.50           ~ 10 0
44 BSDL 1760 As* 05 27 06 -67 27.6           ~ 8 0
45 [FSR2007] 0777 OpC 05 27 31.0 +34 44 01           ~ 19 0
46 NGC 1983 Cl* 05 27 44 -68 59.1           ~ 54 0
47 GAL 174.20-00.08 Cld 05 30 45.9 +33 47 56           ~ 210 2
48 BSDL 2119 Cl* 05 31 18 -68 44.0           ~ 4 0
49 BSDL 2215 Cl* 05 32 06 -68 40.3           ~ 6 0
50 BSDL 2208 Cl* 05 32 11 -67 40.6           ~ 7 0
51 [SL63] 563 Cl* 05 32 36 -69 24.7   12.56 12.54     ~ 9 0
52 BSDL 2448 Cl* 05 34 47 -69 31.4           ~ 5 0
53 NAME Orion Nebula Cluster OpC 05 35.0 -05 29           ~ 2514 0
54 BSDL 2487 Cl* 05 35 28 -69 16.2           ~ 11 0
55 BSDL 2583 Cl* 05 36 47.940 -69 25 35.42           ~ 10 0
56 BSDL 2614 As* 05 37 26 -69 21.8           ~ 6 0
57 NGC 1985 RNe 05 37 47.8 +31 59 24           ~ 145 2
58 RMC 136 Cl* 05 38 42.396 -69 06 03.36   5.81 5.40     ~ 2236 2
59 * sig Ori Y*O 05 38 44.7653828520 -02 36 00.283179888 2.54 3.58 3.79 3.87 4.11 O9.5V+B0.2V(n) 855 0
60 HD 38282 WR* 05 38 53.3783458680 -69 02 00.895545204   10.98 11.11 11.26   WN5/6h+WN6/7h 192 1
61 BSDL 2704 Cl* 05 39 32 -69 25.9           ~ 7 0
62 BSDL 2721 As* 05 39 50 -69 23.2           ~ 9 0
63 BSDL 2720 Cl* 05 39 51 -69 16.6           ~ 6 0
64 BSDL 2725 Cl* 05 39 56 -69 16.4           ~ 8 0
65 BFS 46 HII 05 40 52.902 +35 42 16.72           ~ 53 1
66 IRAS 05377+3548 mul 05 41 08.5 +35 49 55           ~ 23 0
67 NGC 2023 RNe 05 41 37.9 -02 15 52           ~ 657 1
68 NGC 2103 As* 05 41 38.1 -71 19 49     10.82     ~ 58 0
69 NGC 2024 Cl* 05 41 43 -01 50.5           ~ 1198 1
70 NGC 2102 Cl* 05 42 25.090 -69 29 29.54     11.44     ~ 19 0
71 BSDL 2883 Cl* 05 42 55 -69 27.8           ~ 6 0
72 M 78 RNe 05 46 45.8 +00 04 45   8.0       ~ 397 0
73 NGC 2071 RNe 05 47 10 +00 18.0           ~ 661 1
74 IRAS 05490+2658 Y*O 05 52 12.9 +26 59 33           ~ 51 0
75 GAL 192.16-03.82 HII 05 58 13.4 +16 32 00           ~ 145 1
76 NAME Mon R2 HII 06 07 47.58 -06 22 42.6           ~ 789 2
77 RAFGL 6366S HII 06 08 41.0 +21 31 01           ~ 95 0
78 RAFGL 5180 SFR 06 08 54.1 +21 38 25           ~ 125 0
79 RAFGL 5184 IR 06 09 51.7 +20 30 04           ~ 40 0
80 LBN 196.79-03.15 HII 06 10 12.5179825916 +12 48 48.261812212   16.65 15.79     ~ 65 0
81 IRAS 06155+2319A HII 06 18 35.2 +23 18 11           ~ 28 0
82 V* VY Mon Ae* 06 31 06.9271406952 +10 26 04.952351076 16.65 15.45 13.70 12.49 11.00 A5:Vep 97 0
83 IRAS 06308+0402 Y*O 06 33 31.1 +04 00 07           ~ 48 1
84 NGC 2264 OpC 06 40 53.7 +09 52 32           ~ 1876 0
85 HD 52266 SB* 07 00 21.0763468632 -05 49 35.954203044 6.32 7.22 7.23     O9.5IIIn 125 0
86 IRAS 06584-0852 Y*O 07 00 50.94192 -08 56 30.1812           ~ 37 0
87 HD 52533 SB* 07 01 27.0486333888 -03 07 03.286283952 6.66 7.57 7.68     O8.5IVn 123 0
88 LBN 1032 HII 07 16 35 -09 25.7           ~ 37 0
89 NGC 2362 OpC 07 18 41.9 -24 57 08           ~ 428 0
90 HD 57682 * 07 22 02.0546074728 -08 58 45.766323408 5.20 6.24 6.43     O9.2IV 275 0
91 NGC 2384 OpC 07 25 10 -21 01.3   7.47 7.4     ~ 80 0
92 RCW 36 HII 08 59 00.9 -43 44 10     15.20     ~ 161 0
93 RCW 38 SFR 08 59 05.50 -47 30 39.4           ~ 327 2
94 Cl Pismis 11 OpC 09 15 53.6 -50 00 26           ~ 38 1
95 Cl Alicante 5 Cl* 09 16 23.0 -49 42 56           ~ 3 0
96 Cl Westerlund 2 OpC 10 23 58.1 -57 45 49           ~ 400 0
97 [DBS2003] 48 OpC 10 31 29 -58 02.0           ~ 12 0
98 Cl Trumpler 14 OpC 10 43 56.0 -59 33 07   5.70 5.5     ~ 547 0
99 NAME Cha 1 MoC 11 06 48 -77 18.0           ~ 1266 1
100 NGC 3603 OpC 11 14 57.9 -61 14 32           ~ 1136 1
101 Cl Danks 1 OpC 13 12 29.0 -62 41 56           ~ 80 0
102 Cl Danks 2 OpC 13 12 53.3 -62 40 52           ~ 73 0
103 GRS G308.60 +00.60 HII 13 39.9 -61 45           ~ 108 0
104 Lupus 3 SFR 16 09.6 -39 03           ~ 348 0
105 [DBS2003] 164 OpC 16 19 23 -50 09.5           ~ 8 0
106 * rho Oph ** 16 25 35.11766 -23 26 49.8150 4.30 4.85 4.63 4.27 3.96 B2IV+B2V 670 0
107 NGC 6231 OpC 16 54 14.4 -41 48 53           ~ 562 0
108 Cl Trumpler 24 OpC 16 57 00 -40 40.0     8.6     ~ 74 0
109 CD-42 11721 Be* 16 59 06.7629322176 -42 42 08.404228224 12.16 12.28 11.00     B0IVe 179 0
110 [DBS2003] 113 Cl* 17 00 35.5 -40 33 31           ~ 39 0
111 HD 153426 * 17 01 13.0078001616 -38 12 11.886304536 6.79 7.61 7.47 8.49   O8.5III 104 0
112 2MASX J17041301-4220009 Cl* 17 04 13.0000856208 -42 20 00.831602400           ~ 8 0
113 SH 2-3 HII 17 12.4 -38 28           ~ 234 1
114 NGC 6383 OpC 17 34 41.6 -32 34 27           ~ 168 0
115 [DB2000] 52 OpC 17 42 28.1 -29 56 23           ~ 6 0
116 NAME Arches Cluster Cl* 17 45 50.5 -28 49 28           ~ 792 0
117 [DB2000] 26 Cl* 17 48 41.5 -28 01 42           ~ 7 0
118 NGC 6530 OpC 18 04 31 -24 21.5           ~ 443 0
119 M 16 OpC 18 18 45.1 -13 47 31           ~ 1084 1
120 AGAL G014.891-00.404 Y*O 18 19 07.4495 -16 11 34.047           ~ 42 0
121 EM* MWC 297 Ae* 18 27 39.5265500160 -03 49 52.133050776 15.57 14.34 12.31 11.34   B1.5Ve 315 0
122 V* VV Ser Ae* 18 28 47.8620017808 +00 08 39.923474964 12.99 12.63 11.80 11.01 10.24 A5Ve 262 0
123 NAME Serpens SVS 2 Cluster Cl* 18 29 56.8 +01 14 46           ~ 10 0
124 LBN 028.77+03.43 HII 18 31 26.5 -02 04 22           ~ 255 2
125 V* R CrA Ae* 19 01 53.6764322232 -36 57 08.299341828 12.781 12.651 11.917 11.242 10.412 B5IIIpe 499 2
126 Mol 103 Rad 19 23 37.0 +17 28 59           ~ 9 0
127 Teutsch 42 OpC 19 30 13.1 +18 32 09           ~ 21 0
128 BD+40 4124 Ae* 20 20 28.2413946720 +41 21 51.529070088 11.11 11.36 10.62 10.510   B2Ve 303 0
129 HD 195592 s*b 20 30 34.9690901208 +44 18 54.859533372 7.75 7.95 7.08 6.29 5.60 O9.7Ia 221 1
130 SH 2-128 HII 21 32 09.9 +55 52 53           ~ 173 1
131 NGC 7129 OpC 21 43 01.1 +66 07 04     11.5     ~ 271 0
132 IC 5146 OpC 21 53 29.3 +47 14 46           ~ 507 2
133 IRAS 21519+5613 HII 21 53 38.8 +56 27 53           ~ 40 0
134 LBN 102.79-00.92 HII 22 19 09.0 +56 04 45           ~ 109 0
135 IRAS 22172+5549 Y*O 22 19 09.14787 +56 05 00.0380           ~ 105 0
136 NAME Ass Cep OB 3b As* 22 55 31.19 +62 38 54.1           ~ 53 0
137 Mol 160 Rad 23 40 54.5 +61 10 28           ~ 121 0

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