2014ApJ...788..187H

Query : 2014ApJ...788..187H

2014ApJ...788..187H - Astrophys. J., 788, 187 (2014/June-3)

Subarcsecond imaging of the NGC 6334 I(N) protocluster: two dozen compact sources and a massive disk candidate.

HUNTER T.R., BROGAN C.L., CYGANOWSKI C.J. and YOUNG K.H.

Abstract (from CDS):

Using the Submillimeter Array (SMA) and Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, we have imaged the massive protocluster NGC 6334 I(N) at high angular resolution (0.''5 ∼ 650 AU) from 6 cm to 0.87 mm, detecting 18 new compact continuum sources. Three of the new sources are coincident with previously identified H2 O masers. Together with the previously known sources, these data bring the number of likely protocluster members to 25 for a protostellar density of ∼700/pc3. Our preliminary measurement of the Q-parameter of the minimum spanning tree is 0.82–close to the value for a uniform volume distribution. All of the (nine) sources with detections at multiple frequencies have spectral energy distributions consistent with dust emission, and two (SMA 1b and SMA 4) also have long wavelength emission consistent with a central hypercompact H II region. Thermal spectral line emission, including CH3CN, is detected in six sources: LTE model fitting of CH3CN (J = 12-11) yields temperatures of 72-373 K, confirming the presence of multiple hot cores. The fitted LSR velocities range from -3.3 to -7.0 km/s, with an unbiased mean square deviation of 2.05 km/s, implying a protocluster dynamical mass of 410±260 M☉. From analysis of a wide range of hot core molecules, the kinematics of SMA 1b are consistent with a rotating, infalling Keplerian disk of diameter 800 AU and enclosed mass of 10-30 M☉ that is perpendicular (within 1°) to the large-scale bipolar outflow axis. A companion to SMA 1b at a projected separation of 0.''45 (590 AU; SMA 1d), which shows no evidence of spectral line emission, is also confirmed. Finally, we detect one 218.4400 GHz and several 229.7588 GHz Class-I CH3OH masers.

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Journal keyword(s): accretion, accretion disks - H II regions - ISM: individual: NGC 6334 I(N) - ISM: kinematics and dynamics - stars: formation - stars: protostars

Nomenclature: Table 2: [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMANNa N=16 (Nos I(N)-SMA8 to I(N)-SMA23) added. Table 3: [HBC2014] VLA N (No VLA 2), [HBC2014] H2O-C4 N=1.

Simbad objects: 64

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Number of rows : 64
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 HBC 1 Ae* 00 07 02.5999547688 +65 38 38.229048852   17.35 16.23     F4? 37 0
2 NAME Perseus Cloud SFR 03 35.0 +31 13           ~ 1553 0
3 IC 348 OpC 03 44 31.1 +32 10 02           ~ 1476 1
4 LDN 1527 DNe 04 39 53 +25 45.0           ~ 689 0
5 NAME Taurus Complex SFR 04 41.0 +25 52           ~ 4971 0
6 NAME Orion-KL SFR 05 35 14.16 -05 22 21.5           ~ 2421 1
7 [RLK73] IRc 2 IR 05 35 14.51548 -05 22 30.5943           ~ 673 1
8 NAME Ori Trapezium OpC 05 35 16.5 -05 23 14           ~ 1708 1
9 HGBS J055146.1+024829 Y*O 05 51 46.3 +02 48 28           ~ 94 0
10 NAME Chamaeleon Region SFR 11 55 -78.0           ~ 887 0
11 3C 273 BLL 12 29 06.6998257176 +02 03 08.597629980   13.05 14.830 14.11   ~ 6022 1
12 3C 286 Sy1 13 31 08.2883506368 +30 30 32.960091564   17.51 17.25     ~ 4558 2
13 NAME Upper Sco-Cen As* 16 15 -24.2           ~ 1497 1
14 NAME Ophiuchus Molecular Cloud SFR 16 28 06 -24 32.5           ~ 3969 1
15 IRAS 16547-4247 Y*O 16 58 17.208 -42 52 08.16           ~ 187 0
16 M 92 GlC 17 17 07.39 +43 08 09.4     6.52     ~ 2240 0
17 ICRF J171736.0-334208 BLL 17 17 36.02929270 -33 42 08.8296186   20.93   17.3   ~ 136 1
18 NGC 6334B rG 17 20 21.810 -35 52 48.25           ~ 113 0
19 NGC 6334E HII 17 20 50.9 -35 46 06           ~ 52 0
20 NGC 6334 HII 17 20 53 -36 07.9           ~ 740 0
21 [RZH2007] VLA-K1 cm 17 20 52.701 -35 45 13.52           ~ 2 1
22 NAME NGC 6334F (C) HII 17 20 53.45 -35 47 02.6           ~ 244 1
23 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA8 cor 17 20 53.784 -35 44 46.32           ~ 2 0
24 NAME NGC 6334 I(N) smm 17 20 54 -35 45.0           ~ 165 1
25 [HBC2014] H2O-C4 cm 17 20 54.149 -35 45 13.70           ~ 2 0
26 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA9 cor 17 20 54.168 -35 45 41.40           ~ 2 0
27 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA10 cor 17 20 54.288 -35 45 09.36           ~ 2 0
28 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA6 mm 17 20 54.430 -35 45 19.34           ~ 9 1
29 AGAL G351.444+00.659 cor 17 20 54.60 -35 45 12.8           ~ 35 0
30 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA11 cor 17 20 54.744 -35 45 20.16           ~ 2 0
31 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA12 cor 17 20 54.840 -35 45 33.48           ~ 2 0
32 [HBC2014] VLA 2 cm 17 20 54.871 -35 45 36.49           ~ 2 0
33 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA2 cor 17 20 54.888 -35 45 06.48           ~ 9 0
34 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA13 cor 17 20 54.912 -35 45 16.56           ~ 2 0
35 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA7 mm 17 20 54.96 -35 44 57.3           ~ 5 0
36 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA14 mm 17 20 54.962 -35 45 08.92           ~ 1 0
37 JCMTSE J172055.2-354514 cor 17 20 54.984 -35 45 07.20           ~ 8 0
38 [BHC2009] VLA3 Rad 17 20 54.999 -35 45 06.48           ~ 2 0
39 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA5 mm 17 20 55.08 -35 45 02.0           ~ 6 0
40 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA1a mm 17 20 55.170 -35 45 05.26           ~ 5 0
41 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA1b mm 17 20 55.19 -35 45 03.8           ~ 12 0
42 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA1 mm 17 20 55.21 -35 45 04.1           ~ 9 0
43 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA1d mm 17 20 55.229 -35 45 03.68           ~ 4 0
44 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA1c mm 17 20 55.260 -35 45 02.42           ~ 5 0
45 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA15 cor 17 20 55.488 -35 45 11.16           ~ 2 0
46 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA16 mm 17 20 55.503 -35 44 55.90           ~ 1 0
47 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA17 mm 17 20 55.590 -35 44 56.89           ~ 1 0
48 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA18 cor 17 20 55.680 -35 45 32.40           ~ 2 0
49 [S2000e] SM2 smm 17 20 55.71 -35 45 34.1           ~ 8 0
50 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA19 cor 17 20 55.848 -35 45 27.00           ~ 2 0
51 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA20 cor 17 20 56.064 -35 45 32.76           ~ 2 0
52 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA21 cor 17 20 56.304 -35 45 27.36           ~ 2 0
53 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA22 cor 17 20 56.568 -35 45 17.28           ~ 2 0
54 [HBM2006b] I(N)-SMA23 cor 17 20 56.616 -35 45 10.08           ~ 2 0
55 QSO B1730-130 Bla 17 33 02.70578907 -13 04 49.5482119   18 19.50 18.78 17.39 ~ 1198 1
56 RAFGL 2046 HII 18 00 32.1 -24 04 03           ~ 380 0
57 IRAS 18360-0537 HII 18 38 40.3 -05 35 06           ~ 27 0
58 QSO B1921-293 BLL 19 24 51.05595254 -29 14 30.1210248   18.71 18.21 15.07   ~ 918 1
59 IRAS 20126+4104 Y*O 20 14 25.8816769656 +41 13 36.879427236           B2.5-B0.5 469 0
60 RAFGL 2591 Y*O 20 29 24.8230 +40 11 19.590           ~ 640 0
61 [HW84] 8 Rad 22 56 17.68 +62 01 47.2           ~ 12 0
62 NAME Cepheus A SFR 22 56 17.9 +62 01 49           ~ 760 2
63 NAME Cep A HW 9 Rad 22 56 18.64 +62 01 48.0           ~ 19 0
64 [WBN74] NGC 7538 IRS 1 Y*O 23 13 45.318 +61 28 11.69           ~ 433 3

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