2015A&A...582A.111L

Query : 2015A&A...582A.111L

2015A&A...582A.111L - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 582A111-111 (2015/10-1)

Testing the homogeneity of the Universe using gamma-ray bursts.

LI M.-H. and LIN H.-N.

Abstract (from CDS):

The discovery of a statistically significant clustering in the distribution of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has recently been reported. Given that the cluster has a characteristic size of 2000-3000Mpc and a redshift between 1.6≤z≤2.1, it has been claimed that this structure is incompatible with the cosmological principle of homogeneity and isotropy of our Universe. In this paper, we study the homogeneity of the GRB distribution using a subsample of the Greiner GRB catalogue, which contains 314 objects with redshift 0<z<2.5 (244 of them discovered by the Swift GRB mission). We try to reconcile the dilemma between the new observations and the current theory of structure formation and growth. To test the results against the possible biases in redshift determination and the incompleteness of the Greiner sample, we also apply our analysis to the 244 GRBs discovered by Swift and the subsample presented by the Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxy Legacy Survey (SHOALS). The real space two-point correlation function (2PCF) of GRBs, ξ(r), is calculated using a Landy-Szalay estimator. We perform a standard least-χ2 fit to the measured 2PCFs of GRBs. We use the best-fit 2PCF to deduce a recently defined homogeneity scale. The homogeneity scale, RH, is defined as the comoving radius of the sphere inside which the number of GRBs N(<r) is proportional to r3 within 1%, or equivalently above which the correlation dimension of the sample D2 is within 1% of D2=3. For a flat ΛCDM Universe, a best-fit power law, ξ(r)=(r/r0)–γ, with the correlation length r0=413.64 ±135.40h–1Mpc and slope γ=1.57±0.63 (at 1σ confidence level) for the real-space correlation function ξ(r) is obtained. We obtain a homogeneous distribution of GRBs with correlation dimension above D2=2.97 on scales of r≥8200h–1Mpc. For the Swift subsample of 244 GRBs, the correlation length and slope are r0=387.51±132.75h–1Mpc and γ=1.57±0.65 (at 1σ confidence level). The corresponding scale for a homogeneous distribution of GRBs is r≥7700h–1Mpc. For the 75 SHOALS GRBs, the results are are r0=288.13±192.85h–1Mpc and γ=1.27±0.54 (at 1σ confidence level), with the homogeneity scale r≥8300h–1Mpc. For the 113 SHOALS GRBs at 0<z<6.3, the results are r0=489.66±260.90h–1Mpc and γ=1.67±1.07 (at 1σ confidence level), with the homogeneity scale r≥8700h–1Mpc. The results help to alleviate the tension between the new discovery of the excess clustering of GRBs and the cosmological principle of large-scale homogeneity. It implies that very massive structures in the relatively local Universe do not necessarily violate the cosmological principle and could conceivably be present.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): gamma rays: general - methods: data analysis - methods: statistical - large-scale structure of Universe - cosmology: observations - distance scale

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/582/A111): table1.dat table2.dat>

Simbad objects: 324

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Number of rows : 324
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 GRB 101225A gB 00 00 47.48 +44 36 01.0           ~ 163 0
2 GRB 070110 gB 00 03 39.270 -52 58 27.00 21.8 21.9 21.2     ~ 220 0
3 GRB 070611 gB 00 07 58.000 -29 45 19.40           ~ 94 0
4 GRB 080515 gB 00 12 39.8 +32 33 50           ~ 31 0
5 GRB 060912A gB 00 21 08.11 +20 58 18.9           ~ 116 1
6 GRB 060912 gB 00 21 08.160 +20 58 17.80 17.61   17.56     ~ 42 0
7 GRB 041219 gB 00 24 27.7 +62 50 34           ~ 231 1
8 GRB 021004 gB 00 26 54.68 +18 55 41.6           ~ 560 0
9 GRB 070808 gB 00 27 03.40 +01 10 35.4           ~ 55 0
10 GRB 060708 gB 00 31 13.850 -33 45 32.40 19.07 19.79 17.37     ~ 109 0
11 GRB 080710 gB 00 33 05.68 +19 30 05.8           ~ 136 0
12 GRB 150206A gB 00 40 17.57 -63 10 56.0           ~ 55 0
13 Fermi bn131231198 gB 00 42 44.0 -01 29 40           ~ 103 0
14 Fermi bn100117879 G 00 45 04.6610 -01 35 42.020           ~ 155 0
15 SN 2010ma SN* 00 48 55.35 -34 33 59.5           SNIc 190 1
16 GRB 050824 gB 00 48 56.100 +22 36 32.00 19.66 21.03 20.46 23.70   ~ 184 0
17 Fermi bn120729456 gB 00 52 17.84 +49 56 23.1           ~ 122 0
18 GRB 111225A gB 00 52 37.22 +51 34 19.5           ~ 66 0
19 GRB 041006 gB 00 54 50.17 +01 14 07.0           ~ 202 2
20 SN 2011kl SN* 00 57 22.64 -46 48 03.6           SNSLSN 268 1
21 Fermi bn081221681 gB 01 03 10.2 -24 32 53           ~ 186 0
22 GRB 100625A gB 01 03 10.98 -39 05 18.3           ~ 124 0
23 GRB 060719 gB 01 13 43.380 -48 22 55.09           ~ 107 0
24 GRB 080602 gB 01 16 42.18 -09 13 55.4           ~ 61 0
25 Fermi bn100814160 gB 01 29 53.61 -17 59 43.6           ~ 219 0
26 GRB 100901A gB 01 49 03.56 +22 45 30.6           ~ 170 0
27 PSO J027.8085-18.5940 G 01 51 14.05011120 -18 35 38.4976680           ~ 192 0
28 GRB 100906A gB 01 54 44.19 +55 37 49.8           ~ 233 0
29 Fermi bn091208410 gB 01 57 38.50 +16 52 50.7           ~ 220 0
30 GRB 000210 gB 01 59 15 -40 40.0           ~ 175 0
31 GRB 040924 gB 02 06 22.52 +16 08 48.8           ~ 169 1
32 GRB 060908 gB 02 07 18.360 +00 20 31.20 16.99 18.34 16.85     ~ 217 0
33 Fermi bn090113778 gB 02 08 16.00 +33 26 08.4           ~ 92 0
34 GRB 091018 gB 02 08 46 -57 33.0           ~ 169 0
35 GRB 131011A gB 02 10 06.11 -04 24 42.5           ~ 45 0
36 GRB 110918A gB 02 10 09.39 -27 06 19.6           ~ 83 0
37 GRB 080707 gB 02 10 28.48 +33 06 35.1           ~ 83 0
38 GRB 000911 gB 02 18 42 +07 48.0           ~ 163 0
39 GRB 060202 gB 02 23 22.940 +38 23 03.70           ~ 102 0
40 SN 2009nz SN* 02 26 19.87 -18 57 08.6           ~ 307 1
41 GRB 070802 gB 02 27 35.91 -55 31 39.1           ~ 168 0
42 GRB 070129 gB 02 28 00.940 +11 41 04.00       21.3   ~ 120 0
43 GRB 081230 gB 02 29 19.20 -25 08 42.6           ~ 50 0
44 GRB 080411 gB 02 31 54.82 -71 18 07.5           ~ 109 0
45 GRB 141212A G 02 36 29.9570 +18 08 47.228           ~ 70 0
46 GRB 071112C gB 02 36 50.89 +28 22 16.9           ~ 164 0
47 GRB 120224A gB 02 43 46.17 -17 45 40.6           ~ 38 0
48 GRB 140710A gB 02 44 16.26 +35 29 56.7           ~ 46 0
49 GRB 060306 gB 02 44 22.830 -02 08 55.00           ~ 119 0
50 Fermi bn130925164 gB 02 44 42.38 -26 09 15.8           ~ 184 0
51 GRB 110213B gB 02 47 01.45 +01 08 46.5           ~ 27 0
52 GRB 070714A gB 02 51 43.36 +30 14 35.1           ~ 63 0
53 Fermi bn110213220 gB 02 51 51.37 +49 16 21.2           ~ 175 0
54 SN 2013ez SN* 02 53 56.70 +13 23 13.6           ~ 118 0
55 Fermi bn100728439 gB 02 56 13.44 +00 16 51.6           ~ 142 0
56 GRB 140801A gB 02 56 16.50 +30 56 16.8           ~ 55 0
57 Fermi bn090926914 gB 03 05 14.30 -38 59 50.9           ~ 149 1
58 GRB 061007 gB 03 05 19.510 -50 30 02.50 14.28 14.40 12.95     ~ 315 1
59 GRB 140509A gB 03 06 22.79 -62 38 20.9           ~ 31 0
60 PSO J047.1631+13.1580 G 03 08 39.14930640 +13 09 29.0253240           ~ 144 0
61 GRB 140907A gB 03 12 34.98 +46 36 17.2           ~ 81 0
62 GRB 070318 gB 03 13 56.830 -42 56 46.30 18.27 16.23 15.49     ~ 170 0
63 GRB 050318 gB 03 18 51.000 -46 23 43.61 18.10 18.68 17.58     ~ 189 0
64 SN 2006aj SN* 03 21 39.670 +16 52 02.27 17.96 19.11 17.40     SNIc-BL 1007 1
65 GRB 050822 gB 03 24 27.240 -46 01 59.20     20.82     ~ 115 0
66 GRB 110808A gB 03 49 04.28 -44 11 40.3           ~ 64 0
67 GRB 070714B G 03 51 22.2720 +28 17 50.943           ~ 248 0
68 GRB 071227A G 03 52 31.0260 -55 59 00.890           ~ 201 0
69 GRB 060904B gB 03 52 50.520 -00 43 30.61 18.27 19.14 18.37     ~ 208 0
70 GRB 121027A gB 04 14 23.450 -58 49 47.17           ~ 136 0
71 GRB 070328 gB 04 20 27.680 -34 04 00.60 20.29         ~ 97 0
72 GRB 090407 gB 04 35 54.98 -12 40 45.5           ~ 87 0
73 GRB 140301A gB 04 38 13.81 -34 15 24.3           ~ 48 0
74 GRB 121024A gB 04 41 53.31 -12 17 26.1           ~ 143 0
75 GRB 081210 gB 04 41 56.19 -11 15 27.8           ~ 56 0
76 Fermi bn131105087 gB 04 43 53.50 -63 00 17.7           ~ 95 0
77 GRB 101219A gB 04 58 20.45 -02 32 23.1           ~ 152 0
78 Fermi bn120907017 gB 04 58 59.99 -09 18 53.7           ~ 89 0
79 Fermi bn150514774 gB 04 59 30.45 -60 58 07.0           ~ 51 0
80 GRB 970228 gB 05 01 46.7 +11 46 53           ~ 650 1
81 GRB 100508A gB 05 04 58.99 -20 42 14.1           ~ 39 0
82 GRB 111229A gB 05 05 08.86 -84 42 39.1           ~ 47 0
83 Fermi bn141004973 gB 05 06 56.11 +12 49 10.1           ~ 75 0
84 GRB 060124 gB 05 08 25.900 +69 44 26.98   18.91 17.35     ~ 280 0
85 GRB 991216 gB 05 09 31.2983 +11 17 07.262           ~ 430 0
86 GRB 990705 gB 05 09 54.5 -72 07 53           ~ 229 1
87 GRB 051117B gB 05 40 43.260 -19 16 26.10           ~ 77 0
88 GRB 061126 gB 05 46 24.460 +64 12 38.49 18.62 18.79 19.20     ~ 182 1
89 GRB 120211A gB 05 51 00.89 -24 46 30.8           ~ 39 0
90 GRB 050826 gB 05 51 01.590 -02 38 35.40           ~ 136 0
91 Fermi bn100728095 gB 05 55 02.00 -15 15 20.2           ~ 157 0
92 Fermi bn150301818 gB 05 56 40.04 -57 58 10.4           ~ 67 0
93 GRB 110801A gB 05 57 44.87 +80 57 21.1           ~ 90 0
94 GRB 090328 gB 06 02 39.69 -41 52 55.1           ~ 194 1
95 GRB 090201 gB 06 08 12.30 -46 36 16.1           ~ 68 0
96 Fermi bn120711115 gB 06 18 42.839 -70 59 56.78           ~ 125 0
97 Fermi bn080928628 gB 06 20 16.85 -55 11 59.3           ~ 187 0
98 GRB 060729 gB 06 21 31.850 -62 22 12.69           ~ 303 0
99 GRB 080517 gB 06 48 58.00 +50 44 06.3           ~ 52 1
100 GRB 140430A gB 06 51 44.58 +23 01 25.5           ~ 81 0
101 GRB 970508 gB 06 53 49.2 +79 16 19           ~ 883 1
102 GRB 140213A gB 07 00 37.18 -73 08 14.1           ~ 102 0
103 GRB 061202 gB 07 02 06.190 -74 41 54.91           ~ 83 0
104 SN 2010bh SN* 07 10 30.63 -56 15 19.7           SNIc 336 1
105 GRB 051006 gB 07 23 13.520 +09 30 24.48           ~ 74 0
106 GRB 061006 G 07 24 07.8080 -79 11 55.188           ~ 214 0
107 GRB 110422A gB 07 28 11.21 +75 06 24.0           ~ 113 0
108 GRB 070125 gB 07 51 17.80 +31 09 04.8           ~ 188 0
109 GRB 071020 gB 07 58 39.65 +32 51 38.8           ~ 158 0
110 Fermi bn120119170 gB 08 00 06.940 -09 04 53.83           ~ 193 0
111 SN 2003lw SN* 08 02 30.1 -39 51 03       20.23   SNIc: 576 0
112 GRB 070612 gB 08 05.4 +37 15           ~ 13 0
113 SN 2002lt SN* 08 08 59.858 +06 43 37.52           SNIc: 363 1
114 GRB 141121A gB 08 10 40.68 +22 13 02.7           ~ 108 0
115 GRB 020127 gB 08 15 05.8 +36 44 31           ~ 66 0
116 GRB 051227 gB 08 20 58.107 +31 55 32.01           ~ 127 0
117 Fermi bn150314205 gB 08 26 40.82 +63 50 03.4           ~ 117 0
118 GRB 150323A gB 08 32 42.73 +45 27 52.9           ~ 68 0
119 GRB 090102 gB 08 32 59.50 +33 06 25.7           ~ 253 0
120 GRB 980326 gB 08 36 34.3 -18 51 24           ~ 268 0
121 GRB 051016B gB 08 48 27.810 +13 39 20.00 20.45         ~ 153 0
122 GRB 110503A gB 08 51 06.31 +52 12 27.7           ~ 115 0
123 Fermi bn110106893 gB 08 56 37.0 +47 00 10           ~ 82 0
124 SN 2012bz SN* 09 07 38.38 +14 01 07.5           SNIb/c 193 1
125 Fermi bn141225959 gB 09 15 06.77 +33 47 30.9           ~ 64 0
126 GRB 130505A gB 09 17 21.9014988888 +01 42 03.426207768           ~ 94 0
127 SDSS J093805.33+153719.0 G 09 38 05.33384 +15 37 19.0406           ~ 146 0
128 GRB 061021 gB 09 40 36.120 -21 57 05.40 18.21 19.20 16.82     ~ 160 0
129 GRB 061121 gB 09 48 54.570 -13 11 42.68 17.19 17.71 17.02     ~ 350 0
130 GRB 070306 gB 09 52 23.220 +10 28 55.20           ~ 222 1
131 Fermi bn090423330 gB 09 55 33.19 +18 08 57.7           ~ 392 0
132 GRB 130418A gB 09 56 08.86 +13 40 01.8           ~ 70 0
133 GRB 060602 gB 09 58 16.730 +00 18 12.70           ~ 8 0
134 Fermi bn111228657 gB 10 00 16.04 +18 17 52.2           ~ 201 0
135 GRB 071010B gB 10 02 09.20 +45 43 52.2           ~ 173 0
136 GRB 150424A gB 10 09 13.35 -26 37 51.2           ~ 94 0
137 GRB 111211A gB 10 12 21.700 +11 12 30.00           ~ 36 0
138 GRB 070223 gB 10 13 48.390 +43 08 00.71 21.47         ~ 67 0
139 GRB 980613 gB 10 17 57.8 +71 27 26           ~ 204 1
140 GRB 131108A gB 10 26 00.480 +09 39 44.05           ~ 96 0
141 GRB 061217 gB 10 41 39.320 -21 07 22.11           ~ 128 0
142 SN 2003dh SN* 10 44 50.030 +21 31 18.15     16.2     SNIcpec 1261 1
143 GRB 100316B gB 10 54 00 -45 28.0           ~ 62 0
144 GRB 110205A gB 10 58 31.12 +67 31 31.2           ~ 213 0
145 GRB 110709B gB 10 58 37.2 -23 27 18           ~ 92 0
146 GRB 080430 gB 11 01 14.63 +51 41 07.8           ~ 157 0
147 GRB 011211 gB 11 15 16 -21 56.0           ~ 305 0
148 GRB 080330 gB 11 17 06.70 +30 36 24.1           ~ 145 0
149 GRB 050714B gB 11 18 47.610 -15 32 48.90           ~ 80 0
150 Fermi bn120624933 gB 11 23 31.98 +08 55 42.1           ~ 100 0
151 SDSS J112848.22+170418.5 G 11 28 48.22989 +17 04 18.5014           ~ 393 0
152 SN 2013cq SN* 11 32 32.84 +27 41 56.2           SNIc 613 1
153 GRB 030226 gB 11 33 04.9 +25 53 56           ~ 212 0
154 GRB 011121 gB 11 34 26.67 -76 01 41.6       23.0   ~ 286 1
155 Fermi bn091020900 gB 11 42 55.20 +50 58 42.0           ~ 188 0
156 GRB 060319 gB 11 45 33.050 +60 00 39.61 20.10         ~ 73 0
157 Fermi bn100615083 gB 11 48 49.25 -19 28 52.2           ~ 133 0
158 GRB 990506 gB 11 54 41 -26 45.0           ~ 169 1
159 GRB 070224 gB 11 56 06.650 -13 19 48.80           ~ 60 0
160 GRB 090530 gB 11 57 36.00 +26 35 23.0           ~ 89 0
161 GRB 060123 gB 11 58 47.83 +45 30 50.9           ~ 46 0
162 GRB 050408 gB 12 02 17.320 +10 51 10.00           ~ 153 0
163 GRB 030328 gB 12 10 48.4 -09 20 51           ~ 148 0
164 GRB 070419 gB 12 11.0 +39 54           ~ 13 0
165 GRB 140318A gB 12 16 21.43 +20 12 32.5           ~ 41 0
166 GRB 000418 gB 12 25 21 +20 05.0           ~ 219 0
167 GALEX J123205.0-105600 Bz? 12 32 04.9717245480 -10 56 00.722548932         16.421 ~ 186 0
168 GRB 050416 gB 12 33 54.600 +21 03 26.69     19.12     ~ 300 1
169 SDSS J123612.87+285858.8 BiC 12 36 12.8803407000 +28 58 58.780075656           ~ 328 1
170 GRB 090424 gB 12 38 07.40 +16 49 45.9           ~ 269 0
171 GRB 070810 gB 12 39.8 +10 45           ~ 16 0
172 GRB 020305 gB 12 42 27.9 -14 18 12           ~ 45 0
173 Fermi bn100414097 gB 12 48 30.0 +08 41 35           ~ 136 0
174 Fermi bn110128073 gB 12 55 35.10 +28 03 54.1           ~ 80 0
175 GRB 100724A gB 12 58 10.38 -11 06 09.3           ~ 198 0
176 Fermi bn141220252 gB 13 00 15.70 +32 08 47.2           ~ 81 0
177 Fermi bn121211574 gB 13 02 07.99 +30 08 54.6           ~ 99 0
178 GRB 060512 gB 13 03 05.810 +41 11 27.21 19.12 19.63 17.20     ~ 142 0
179 Fermi bn130420313 gB 13 04 25.49 +59 25 26.8           ~ 112 0
180 GRB 130511A gB 13 06 34.89 +18 42 35.8           ~ 45 0
181 GRB 070208 gB 13 11 32.607 +61 57 54.37 20.79 20.79 19.86     ~ 119 0
182 Fermi bn141221338 gB 13 13 09.02 +08 12 18.3           ~ 76 0
183 PSO J203.7673-22.1424 G 13 35 04.16044560 -22 08 32.8717680           ~ 178 0
184 GRB 050801 gB 13 36 35.000 -21 55 41.00 15.03 15.82 15.46     ~ 164 0
185 GRB 990510 gB 13 38 07.64 -80 29 48.8           ~ 499 1
186 GRB 080319A gB 13 45 19.97 +44 04 49.1           ~ 79 0
187 GRB 080207 gB 13 50 03.02 +07 30 08.0           ~ 114 0
188 GRB 100424A gB 13 57 47.46 +01 32 20.3           ~ 71 0
189 GRB 020405 gB 13 58 03.12 -31 22 22.2   21.9 21.5     ~ 259 1
190 GRB 090417B gB 13 58 44.8 +47 00 55           ~ 119 1
191 GRB 090429B gB 14 02 40.10 +32 10 14.6           ~ 166 0
192 GRB 060204B gB 14 07 14.900 +27 40 36.40           ~ 93 0
193 GRB 060801 G 14 12 01.2620 +16 58 55.970           ~ 172 0
194 GRB 130907A gB 14 23 34.03 +45 36 27.1           ~ 120 0
195 SN 2013dx SN* 14 29 14.77 +15 46 26.6           ~ 178 0
196 GRB 080319B gB 14 31 41.04 +36 18 09.2           ~ 508 0
197 GRB 050802 gB 14 37 05.820 +27 47 12.62 16.85 17.38 16.97     ~ 186 0
198 GRB 080310 gB 14 40 13.89 -00 10 30.4           ~ 214 0
199 GRB 060814 gB 14 45 21.480 +20 35 11.80           ~ 241 0
200 GRB 140226A gB 14 45 58.12 +14 59 37.8           ~ 28 0
201 GRB 150423A gB 14 46 18.96 +12 17 00.6           ~ 79 0
202 GRB 010222 G 14 52 12.5 +43 01 06           ~ 364 1
203 GRB 111005A gB 14 53 15.60 -19 43 19.1           ~ 78 0
204 Fermi bn130610133 gB 14 57 40.91 +28 12 25.8           ~ 89 0
205 Fermi bn140623224 gB 15 01 53.41 +81 11 29.0           ~ 34 0
206 GRB 080906 gB 15 12 13 -80 32.4           ~ 63 0
207 GRB 120722A gB 15 21 58.0 +13 15 01           ~ 49 0
208 GRB 990123 gB 15 25 29 +44 45.0     8.95     ~ 1012 1
209 GRB 081203A gB 15 32 07.6 +63 31 15           ~ 177 0
210 GRB 150518A gB 15 36 48.22 +16 19 47.3           ~ 31 0
211 GRB 060418 gB 15 45 42.600 -03 38 20.00 15.73 16.19 14.98     ~ 389 0
212 GRB 080604 gB 15 47 51.64 +20 33 28.5           ~ 71 0
213 GRB 110715A gB 15 50 44.090 -46 14 06.53           ~ 120 0
214 GRB 140903A G 15 52 03.2650 +27 36 10.710           ~ 138 0
215 GRB 060923B gB 15 52 46.740 -30 54 11.30 19.80         ~ 41 0
216 GRB 090814 gB 15 58 26.350 +25 37 52.42           ~ 12 0
217 GRB 090814A gB 15 58 26.44 +25 37 52.4           ~ 56 0
218 GRB 060502A gB 16 03 42.480 +66 36 02.49     18.65     ~ 143 0
219 GRB 070521 gB 16 10 38.600 +30 15 22.70           ~ 164 0
220 GRB 000301C gB 16 20 18.5 +29 26 35           ~ 361 0
221 GRB 120724A gB 16 20 46.0 +03 30 33           ~ 51 0
222 UGCS J162444.39-273226.8 G 16 24 44.38275 -27 32 26.8381     19.70     ~ 469 1
223 GRB 991208 gB 16 33 53.51 +46 27 21.5           ~ 269 1
224 GRB 140629A gB 16 35 54.44 +41 52 36.7           ~ 89 0
225 GRB 130604A gB 16 40 39.90 +68 13 28.4           ~ 41 0
226 GRB 091003A gB 16 46 04.680 +36 37 31.08           ~ 135 0
227 GRB 070518 gB 16 56 47.750 +55 17 41.40 18.68 19.22 19.01     ~ 75 0
228 GRB 140508A gB 17 01 51.95 +46 46 49.5           ~ 76 0
229 GRB 030528 gB 17 04 00.3 -22 37 10           ~ 90 1
230 GRB 000926 gB 17 04 15 +51 46.0           ~ 373 0
231 GRB 100418A gB 17 05 26.96 +11 27 41.9           ~ 198 0
232 GRB 080319C gB 17 15 55.48 +55 23 31.7           ~ 174 0
233 Fermi bn130612141 gB 17 19 10.63 +16 43 11.8           ~ 89 0
234 GRB 080605 gB 17 28 30.04 +04 00 56.9           ~ 198 0
235 Fermi bn090902462 gB 17 39 45.26 +27 19 28.1           ~ 440 0
236 GRB 090418A gB 17 57 15.17 +33 24 21.1           ~ 101 0
237 GRB 090418 gB 17 57 15.2 +33 24 22           ~ 27 0
238 GRB 050223 gB 18 05 32.200 -62 28 20.40           ~ 109 0
239 GRB 970828 gB 18 08 31.6 +59 18 51           ~ 353 1
240 Fermi bn120326056 gB 18 15 37.06 +69 15 35.4           ~ 188 0
241 GRB 120815A gB 18 15 54.40 -52 07 29.0           ~ 103 0
242 GRB 060111 gB 18 24.8 +37 36           ~ 18 0
243 GRB 071122 gB 18 26 25.26 +47 04 29.5           ~ 80 0
244 Fermi bn140506880 gB 18 27 06.04 -55 38 08.7           ~ 113 0
245 GRB 080325 gB 18 31 34.40 +36 31 26.1           ~ 76 0
246 GRB 050126 gB 18 32 27.22 +42 22 14.2           ~ 129 0
247 SN 2005nc SN* 18 32 32.560 +26 20 22.34           SNIc: 400 1
248 GRB 060502B gB 18 35 46.060 +52 37 51.45           ~ 153 1
249 GRB 080603A gB 18 37 37.95 +62 44 39.6           ~ 89 0
250 Fermi bn081008832 gB 18 39 52.40 -57 25 58.8           ~ 224 0
251 GRB 080520 gB 18 40 46.50 -54 59 30.4           ~ 68 0
252 Fermi bn140620219 gB 18 47 29.00 +49 43 51.0           ~ 37 0
253 GRB 070529 gB 18 54 58.230 +20 39 34.00 20.38   17.25     ~ 98 0
254 PSO J285.9246+45.7134 G 19 03 41.90914320 +45 42 48.4220520           ~ 63 0
255 GRB 080413A gB 19 09 11.73 -27 40 39.6           ~ 163 0
256 Fermi bn080905499 G 19 10 42.0450 -18 52 54.510           ~ 200 0
257 GRB 071010A gB 19 12 14.42 -32 24 06.2           ~ 138 0
258 Fermi bn140512814 gB 19 17 28.81 -15 05 39.5           ~ 133 0
259 GRB 090709A gB 19 19 46.70 +60 43 40.8           ~ 125 0
260 SN 1998bw SN* 19 35 03.17 -52 50 46.1   14.09       SNIc 1928 2
261 GRB 090618 gB 19 36 01.80 +78 21 07.1           ~ 358 0
262 Fermi bn131004904 gB 19 44 27.20 -02 57 31.0           ~ 113 0
263 GRB 020813A gB 19 46 41.874 -19 36 04.81           ~ 316 0
264 GRB 100425A gB 19 56 47.16 -26 25 50.5           ~ 91 0
265 Fermi bn121128212 gB 20 02 23.88 +54 17 59.1           ~ 128 0
266 Fermi bn080905705 gB 20 06 57.93 -62 33 46.8           ~ 119 0
267 GRB 071003 gB 20 07 24.50 +10 56 48.8           ~ 181 0
268 GRB 050315 gB 20 25 54.100 -42 36 02.19           ~ 225 0
269 GRB 111129A gB 20 29 44.140 -52 42 46.48           ~ 29 0
270 GRB 150403A gB 20 46 01.17 -62 42 40.1           ~ 116 0
271 GRB 070508 gB 20 51 11.810 -78 23 04.88     19.62     ~ 144 0
272 Fermi bn120716712 gB 20 52 12.17 +09 35 53.9           ~ 72 0
273 GRB 080805 gB 20 56 55.30 -62 25 58.8           ~ 102 0
274 GRB 100621A gB 21 01 13.12 -51 06 22.5           ~ 204 0
275 GRB 070419B gB 21 02 49.820 -31 15 49.30   20.35       ~ 86 0
276 GRB 140622A gB 21 08 41.56 -14 25 09.5           ~ 61 0
277 GRB 050922C gB 21 09 33.000 -08 45 30.10 15.15 15.86 14.69     ~ 301 0
278 GRB 060614 G 21 23 32.140 -53 01 36.10           ~ 714 0
279 GRB 141028A gB 21 30 24.46 -00 13 55.6           ~ 109 0
280 GRB 080514B gB 21 31 22.61 +00 42 30.3           ~ 69 0
281 GRB 080413B gB 21 44 34.62 -19 58 51.2           ~ 191 0
282 GRB 121209A gB 21 47 08.94 -08 14 05.8           ~ 50 0
283 GRB 070429B G 21 52 03.6910 -38 49 42.820           ~ 125 0
284 iPTF 14bfu SN* 21 52 30.00 +32 00 52.5           SNIc 80 0
285 Fermi bn080804972 gB 21 54 41.90 -53 11 20.2           ~ 158 0
286 GRB 051221 G 21 54 48.626 +16 53 27.16 19.49         ~ 377 0
287 GRB 051109 gB 22 01 11.0 +40 50 15           ~ 34 0
288 Fermi bn081109293 gB 22 03 11.50 -54 42 40.5           ~ 125 1
289 GRB 060505 gB 22 07 03.440 -27 48 51.89           ~ 286 1
290 Fermi bn090510016 G 22 14 12.6230 -26 34 58.550           ~ 548 0
291 GRB 071117 gB 22 20 10.40 -63 26 36.6           ~ 112 0
292 Fermi bn080916406 gB 22 25 09.30 -57 01 33.7           ~ 177 0
293 GRB 061110A gB 22 25 09.800 -02 15 30.70 21.43         ~ 134 0
294 GRB 060604 gB 22 28 55.010 -10 54 55.80 20.34 20.31       ~ 134 0
295 GRB 990712 gB 22 31 53.061 -73 24 28.58           ~ 268 1
296 GRB 080123 gB 22 35 46.100 -64 54 03.24           ~ 98 0
297 Fermi bn091024380 gB 22 37 +56.9           ~ 151 0
298 SN 2008hw SN* 22 39 50.39 -40 08 49.1           SNIc 197 1
299 GRB 071021 gB 22 42 34.33 +23 43 05.4           ~ 104 0
300 GRB 020903 gB 22 48 42.34 -20 46 09.3           ~ 248 1
301 Fermi bn090927422 gB 22 55 53.41 -70 58 49.3           ~ 112 0
302 GRB 010921 gB 22 55 59.90 +40 55 52.9           ~ 173 1
303 GRB 020819 gB 23 00 12 -43 00.7           ~ 135 1
304 GRB 131030A gB 23 00 16.14 -05 22 05.2           ~ 126 0
305 NVSS J230126-385839 rG 23 01 26.7650 -38 58 40.422   22.22 21.22 21   ~ 325 1
306 GRB 051109B gB 23 01 50.330 +38 40 46.51           ~ 93 0
307 GRB 070506 gB 23 08 52.390 +10 43 20.30     19.04     ~ 86 0
308 GRB 051111A gB 23 12 33.170 +18 22 28.80 19.77 20.08 19.50     ~ 223 0
309 GRB 131103A gB 23 15 40.55 -44 38 25.4           ~ 44 0
310 GRB 111215A gB 23 18 13.33 +32 29 38.5           ~ 68 0
311 GRB 051001 gB 23 23 48.580 -31 31 25.70           ~ 80 0
312 Fermi bn100816026 gB 23 26 57.56 +26 34 42.6           ~ 170 0
313 GRB 090812 gB 23 32 48.5 -10 36 17           ~ 165 0
314 Fermi bn090926181 gB 23 33 36.18 -66 19 25.9           ~ 339 0
315 SN 2012eb SN* 23 41 38.35 -46 11 07.0           SNIb/c 62 1
316 GRB 130518A gB 23 42 39.79 +47 27 55.2           ~ 86 0
317 GRB 130701A gB 23 48 55.05 +36 06 01.2           ~ 81 0
318 GRB 061222 gB 23 53.0 +46 32           ~ 18 0
319 GRB 061222A gB 23 53 03.419 +46 31 58.60           ~ 177 0
320 SN 2013fu SN* 23 54 29.91 +29 25 47.6           SNIb/c 144 1
321 GRB 051022A gB 23 56 04.200 +19 36 32.30           ~ 194 1
322 GRB 040912 gB 23 56 43.0 -00 55 20           ~ 39 0
323 GRB 980703 gB 23 59 06.7 +08 35 07           ~ 453 1
324 NAME Sloan Great Wall ? ~ ~           ~ 191 0

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