2015ApJS..219....2J

Query : 2015ApJS..219....2J

2015ApJS..219....2J - Astrophys. J., Suppl. Ser., 219, 2 (2015/July-0)

The HCN/HNC abundance ratio toward different evolutionary phases of massive star formation.

JIN M., LEE J.-E. and KIM K.-T.

Abstract (from CDS):

Using the H13CN and HN13C J = 1-0 line observations, the abundance ratio of HCN/HNC has been estimated for different evolutionary stages of massive star formation: infrared dark clouds (IRDCs), high-mass protostellar objects (HMPOs), and ultracompact H ii regions (UCH iis). IRDCs were divided into ''quiescent IRDC cores (qIRDCc)'' and ''active IRDC cores (aIRDCc),'' depending on star formation activity. The HCN/HNC ratio is known to be higher at active and high temperature regions related to ongoing star formation, compared to cold and quiescent regions. Our observations toward 8 qIRDCc, 16 aIRDCc, 23 HMPOs, and 31 UCH iis show consistent results; the ratio is 0.97 (±0.10), 2.65 (±0.88), 4.17 (±1.03), and 8.96 (±3.32) in these respective evolutionary stages, increasing from qIRDCc to UCH iis. The change of the HCN/HNC abundance ratio, therefore, seems directly associated with the evolutionary stages of star formation, which have different temperatures. One suggested explanation for this trend is the conversion of HNC to HCN, which occurs effectively at higher temperatures. To test the explanation, we performed a simple chemical model calculation. In order to fit the observed results, the energy barrier of the conversion must be much lower than the value provided by theoretical calculations.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): astrochemistry - ISM: abundances - stars: formation

Simbad objects: 84

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Number of rows : 84
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NAME W 3 OH HII 02 27 04.1 +61 52 22           ~ 1064 2
2 NAME AFGL 4029 IRS 1 Y*O 03 01 29.2 +60 29 12           ~ 112 1
3 HHL 5 HII 03 07 24.2 +58 30 45           ~ 152 0
4 NAME OMC-1 MoC 05 35 14 -05 22.4           ~ 1249 2
5 IRAS 05358+3543 Y*O 05 39 09.92 +35 45 17.2           ~ 171 0
6 IRAS 05373+2349 Y*O 05 40 24.2280641304 +23 50 54.705306336           ~ 68 1
7 Mol 12 Rad 05 40 24.4 +23 50 54           ~ 50 0
8 NAME Orion Molecular Cloud MoC 05 56 -01.8           ~ 1227 1
9 NAME Mon R2 HII 06 07 47.58 -06 22 42.6           ~ 789 2
10 RAFGL 6366S HII 06 08 41.0 +21 31 01           ~ 95 0
11 RAFGL 5180 SFR 06 08 54.1 +21 38 25           ~ 125 0
12 IRAS 06061+2151 SFR 06 09 07.8 +21 50 39           ~ 87 0
13 NGC 2183 RNe 06 10 46.75 -06 12 44.9           ~ 84 1
14 NAME GGD 12-15 OpC 06 10 48.0 -06 13 15           ~ 159 1
15 RAFGL 890S MIR 06 10 50.60928 -06 11 51.2772           ~ 77 1
16 IRAS 06099+1800 SFR 06 12 53.3 +17 59 22           ~ 16 0
17 RAFGL 2046 HII 18 00 32.1 -24 04 03           ~ 380 0
18 GAL 008.14+00.23 HII 18 03 00.4 -21 48 05           ~ 48 0
19 IRAS 18024-2119 IR 18 05 25.4 -21 19 41           ~ 17 0
20 GAL 009.62+00.19 HII 18 06 13.9 -20 31 44           ~ 226 0
21 RAFGL 5436 HII 18 06 19.027 -21 37 32.32           ~ 108 0
22 W 31c HII 18 10 29.1 -19 56 05           ~ 357 0
23 GAL 012.89+00.49 HII 18 11 51.3 -17 31 29           ~ 217 0
24 IRAS 18102-1800 HII 18 13 12.2 -17 59 35           ~ 24 0
25 CORNISH G011.9368-00.6158 HII 18 14 01.0 -18 53 23           ~ 88 1
26 IRAS 18144-1723 IR 18 17 24.4 -17 22 13           ~ 35 0
27 IRAS 18151-1208 Y*O 18 17 58.1254 -12 07 24.893           ~ 114 0
28 NAME HH 80-81 IRS HII 18 19 11.8 -20 47 35           ~ 157 0
29 IRAS 18174-1612 HII 18 20 24.6 -16 11 40           ~ 32 0
30 EGO G016.59-0.05 HII 18 21 07.9 -14 31 53           ~ 129 0
31 OH 016.59-00.05 Mas 18 21 09.0840 -14 31 48.556           ~ 85 0
32 IRAS 18223-1243 Y*O 18 25 10.9307288448 -12 42 15.754722912           ~ 67 1
33 AGAL G019.286+00.082 Y*O 18 25 52.11528 -12 04 49.8900           ~ 30 0
34 [RJS2006] MSXDC G018.82-00.28 MM6 MoC 18 26 19.04 -12 41 14.8           ~ 11 0
35 MMB G019.884-00.534 cor 18 29 14.37 -11 50 23.0           ~ 119 1
36 AGAL G022.376+00.447 Y*O 18 30 24 -09 10.6           ~ 47 0
37 IRAS 18308-0841 HII 18 33 32.89 -08 39 18.5           ~ 38 0
38 [RJS2006] MSXDC G023.60+00.00 MM1 mm 18 34 11.6 -08 19 06           ~ 14 0
39 RAFGL 7009S HII 18 34 20.911 -05 59 42.23           ~ 231 0
40 RAFGL 2194 Y*O 18 34 25.18 -07 54 46.1           ~ 33 1
41 [RJS2006] MSXDC G024.60+00.08 MM1 mm 18 35 40.2 -07 18 37           ~ 15 0
42 AGAL G025.409+00.106 cor 18 37 16 -06 38.6           ~ 57 0
43 AGAL G028.324+00.067 Y*O 18 42 46.7 -04 04 08           ~ 59 0
44 AGAL G028.354+00.072 MoC 18 42 49.34 -04 02 27.3           ~ 37 0
45 AGAL G028.344+00.061 cor 18 42 50.45 -04 03 17.7           ~ 93 0
46 GAL 028.20-00.04 HII 18 42 58.08 -04 14 04.6           ~ 61 0
47 AGAL G028.388+00.037 MoC 18 42 59.99 -04 01 33.1           ~ 29 0
48 AGAL G028.539-00.269 MoC 18 44 23.79 -04 02 11.5           ~ 17 0
49 IRAS 18440-0148 cor 18 46 36.56 -01 45 21.2           ~ 65 0
50 AGAL G030.971-00.141 cor 18 48 22.0 -01 48 29           ~ 43 1
51 [RJS2006] MSXDC G031.97+00.07 MM9 mm 18 49 31.6 -00 46 30           ~ 7 0
52 AGAL G032.044+00.059 cor 18 49 36.6 -00 45 49           ~ 48 0
53 BGPSv2 G032.119+00.092 cor 18 49 37.81 -00 41 01.1           ~ 33 0
54 RAFGL 5536 HII 18 50 30.8 -00 01 59           ~ 48 0
55 AGAL G033.633-00.022 smm 18 52 47.8 +00 36 47           ~ 21 0
56 [RJS2006] MSXDC G033.69-00.01 MM8 mm 18 52 53.9 +00 41 16           ~ 6 0
57 [RJS2006] MSXDC G033.69-00.01 MM4 mm 18 52 56.4 +00 43 08           ~ 8 0
58 AGAL G034.411+00.234 Y*O 18 53 18.0319 +01 25 25.500           ~ 108 0
59 RAFGL 2271 SFR 18 53 18.54 +01 14 57.9           ~ 537 0
60 [BT2009] F6 mm 18 53 19.0 +01 24 08           ~ 31 0
61 AGAL G034.459+00.247 Y*O 18 53 20.4 +01 28 23           ~ 71 0
62 RAFGL 5542 Y*O 18 53 37.88832 +01 50 30.5844           ~ 78 0
63 IRAS 18530+0215 cor 18 55 33.7 +02 19 09           ~ 43 0
64 [BT2009] G3 mm 18 56 48.9 +01 23 34           ~ 10 0
65 [ZYL2017] G35-7 MoC 18 57 08.17 +02 10 51.8           ~ 22 0
66 [ZYL2017] G35-5 MoC 18 57 08.83 +02 08 24.3           ~ 15 0
67 IRAS 19095+0930 cor 19 11 54.09216 +09 35 49.6896           ~ 115 0
68 IRAS 19110+1045 Y*O 19 13 22.0427 +10 50 53.336           ~ 132 0
69 [RJS2006] MSXDC G048.65-00.29 MM1 mm 19 21 49.7 +13 49 30           ~ 5 0
70 AGAL G049.669-00.457 Y*O 19 24 20 +14 38.0           ~ 42 0
71 [RJS2006] MSXDC G053.25+00.04 MM6 mm 19 29 31.5 +17 59 50           ~ 7 0
72 IRAS 19410+2336 SFR 19 43 11.5 +23 44 06           ~ 160 0
73 IRAS 19411+2306 cor 19 43 17.9613824400 +23 14 01.619818008           ~ 49 0
74 IRAS 20081+3122 Y*O 20 10 09.036 +31 31 34.14           ~ 172 0
75 IRAS 20126+4104 Y*O 20 14 25.8816769656 +41 13 36.879427236           B2.5-B0.5 469 0
76 IRAS 20178+4046 HII 20 19 39.3 +40 56 30           ~ 48 1
77 NAME SH 2-106 IR Y*O 20 27 26.502 +37 22 42.03           ~ 168 1
78 IRAS 20343+4129 HII 20 36 07.1 +41 40 01           ~ 58 0
79 IRAS 20350+4126 HII 20 36 52.6 +41 36 33           ~ 40 1
80 LDN 1204A HII 22 21 26.68 +63 51 38.2           ~ 120 0
81 GAL 109.88+02.11 HII 22 56 19.4 +62 02 01           ~ 76 0
82 IRAS 23033+5951 Y*O 23 05 25.1762883456 +60 08 15.374293800           ~ 97 0
83 SH 2-159 Y*O 23 15 31.2384366062 +61 07 10.181362705           ~ 188 1
84 IRAS 23138+5945 mul 23 16 04.8 +60 02 00           ~ 46 0

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