2016MNRAS.458.2221N

Query : 2016MNRAS.458.2221N

2016MNRAS.458.2221N - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 458, 2221-2268 (2016/May-2)

The atlas3D Project - XXXI. Nuclear radio emission in nearby early-type galaxies.

NYLAND K., YOUNG L.M., WROBEL J.M., SARZI M., MORGANTI R., ALATALO K., BLITZ L., BOURNAUD F., BUREAU M., CAPPELLARI M., CROCKER A.F., DAVIES R.L., DAVIS T.A., DE ZEEUW P.T., DUC P.-A., EMSELLEM E., KHOCHFAR S., KRAJNOVIC D., KUNTSCHNER H., McDERMID R.M., NAAB T., OOSTERLOO T., SCOTT N., SERRA P. and WEIJMANS A.-M.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present the results of a high-resolution, 5 GHz, Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array study of the nuclear radio emission in a representative subset of the atlas3D survey of early-type galaxies (ETGs). We find that 51±4 per cent of the ETGs in our sample contain nuclear radio emission with luminosities as low as 1018 W Hz–1. Most of the nuclear radio sources have compact (<=25-110 pc) morphologies, although ∼10 per cent display multicomponent core+jet or extended jet/lobe structures. Based on the radio continuum properties, as well as optical emission line diagnostics and the nuclear X-ray properties, we conclude that the majority of the central 5 GHz sources detected in the atlas3D galaxies are associated with the presence of an active galactic nucleus (AGN). However, even at subarcsecond spatial resolution, the nuclear radio emission in some cases appears to arise from low-level nuclear star formation rather than an AGN, particularly when molecular gas and a young central stellar population is present. This is in contrast to popular assumptions in the literature that the presence of a compact, unresolved, nuclear radio continuum source universally signifies the presence of an AGN. Additionally, we examine the relationships between the 5 GHz luminosity and various galaxy properties including the molecular gas mass and - for the first time - the global kinematic state. We discuss implications for the growth, triggering, and fuelling of radio AGNs, as well as AGN-driven feedback in the continued evolution of nearby ETGs.

Abstract Copyright: © 2016 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: active - galaxies: nuclei - radio continuum: galaxies

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/MNRAS/458/2221): tablea1.dat tablea2.dat tablea3.dat tablea4.dat tablea5.dat tablea6.dat tablec1.dat>

Nomenclature: Tables A3-A4: [NYW2016] NGC NNNN Core N=2, [NYW2016] AAA NNNNN Aaaaaaaaaaaa source N=10, [NYW2016] NGC NNNN Aaaaaaaa lobe N=2, [NYW2016] NGC NNNN Aaaaaaa jet N=2.

CDS comments: © 2016 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society

Simbad objects: 163

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Number of rows : 163
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 474 GiP 01 20 06.6870520512 +03 24 55.861973100 12.75 12.37 11.51 11.42 10.56 ~ 371 1
2 NGC 502 GiG 01 22 55.5578695992 +09 02 57.040303668   13.8       ~ 91 0
3 NGC 509 GiG 01 23 24.1140214872 +09 26 01.087277424   14.7       ~ 66 0
4 NGC 516 GiP 01 24 08.0801760720 +09 33 06.397815780   14.3       ~ 85 0
5 NGC 524 GiP 01 24 47.7429545736 +09 32 20.089023900   11.5       ~ 494 1
6 NGC 525 AG? 01 24 52.9229678784 +09 42 12.149984916   14.50       ~ 68 0
7 3C 48 QSO 01 37 41.2996631208 +33 09 35.080388820   16.62 16.20     ~ 2924 2
8 NGC 661 GiG 01 44 14.5989233928 +28 42 21.162014388   13.0       ~ 107 0
9 NGC 680 GiP 01 49 47.2923018240 +21 58 15.142526652   13.0       ~ 154 0
10 NGC 770 GiP 01 59 13.6426514184 +18 57 16.714843308   13.91 13.49     ~ 111 1
11 NGC 821 AG? 02 08 21.1358498040 +10 59 41.832436704   12.210 11.310 10.739 9.744 ~ 592 0
12 NGC 936 EmG 02 27 37.462 -01 09 22.61   11.1   9.98 10.7 ~ 374 0
13 NGC 1023 AG? 02 40 24.0133575864 +39 03 47.663392896 10.91 10.35 9.35 7.83   ~ 689 2
14 NGC 1121 AG? 02 50 39.1813506744 -01 44 02.730478812   13.7       ~ 57 0
15 NGC 1222 Sy2 03 08 56.7398731608 -02 57 18.587969280   13.3   13.0 13.2 ~ 210 0
16 NGC 1248 GiP 03 12 48.5570444496 -05 13 28.906405176   13.5       ~ 62 0
17 NGC 1266 Sy1 03 16 00.7739640240 -02 25 37.827013584   14   12.46   ~ 332 2
18 NGC 1289 GiG 03 18 49.7937804216 -01 58 23.745958356   13.8       ~ 74 0
19 NGC 1665 GiG 04 48 17.0808821472 -05 25 39.370143432   14   12.17   ~ 61 0
20 MCG-01-13-011 EmG 04 48 34.3914276240 -03 52 01.495685820   14.3   13.35 13.6 ~ 56 0
21 ICRF J052109.8+163822 Sy1 05 21 09.88596258 +16 38 22.0515459   19.37 18.84 18.480   ~ 910 1
22 ICRF J054236.1+495107 Sy1 05 42 36.13789710 +49 51 07.2337139   18.45 17.80 17.210   ~ 1573 1
23 NGC 2549 AG? 08 18 58.3507032336 +57 48 11.022298740   12.1       ~ 271 0
24 NGC 2695 GiG 08 54 27.0744277224 -03 04 00.993904032   13.3       ~ 115 0
25 NGC 2685 Sy2 08 55 34.7027817000 +58 44 03.876540108   13.68 12.70     ~ 459 1
26 NGC 2698 GiG 08 55 36.4948914048 -03 11 02.378344776   13.2       ~ 65 0
27 NGC 2699 GiG 08 55 48.7851438216 -03 07 39.575588736   13.6       ~ 110 0
28 NGC 2764 GiG 09 08 17.5023934176 +21 26 36.007547028   13.9       ~ 130 1
29 NGC 2768 SyG 09 11 37.504 +60 02 13.95 11.30 10.84 9.87     ~ 526 2
30 NGC 2778 GiP 09 12 24.3741783168 +35 01 39.140496840   13.1       ~ 303 0
31 NGC 2824 AGN 09 19 02.2176446256 +26 16 11.997810444   14.3       ~ 126 1
32 NGC 2852 GiP 09 23 14.6019569160 +40 09 49.759151868   14.0       ~ 73 0
33 NGC 2859 AG? 09 24 18.5266762368 +34 30 48.561305832   11.8       ~ 270 0
34 NGC 2880 GiG 09 29 34.5699581472 +62 29 26.020090572   12.6       ~ 166 0
35 NGC 2962 GiP 09 40 53.9321546928 +05 09 57.032828496   13.1       ~ 210 0
36 NGC 2974 Sy2 09 42 33.2918467632 -03 41 57.038311068   12.19   10.77   ~ 463 0
37 NGC 2950 AG? 09 42 35.1484995048 +58 51 04.584956904   11.8       ~ 223 0
38 IC 560 GiG 09 45 53.336 -00 16 08.84   14.6       ~ 66 0
39 NGC 3032 AGN 09 52 08.1524118072 +29 14 10.364182440   13.87 13.28     ~ 260 0
40 NGC 3073 EmG 10 00 52.0678224264 +55 37 07.881619152 14.12 14.07 13.40     ~ 201 2
41 Z 289-28 AGN 10 03 51.9487763664 +59 26 10.665521556   14.96 14.42     ~ 146 0
42 Z 64-55 Sy2 10 05 51.1824374496 +12 57 40.722432408   15.3       ~ 69 0
43 NGC 3156 GiG 10 12 41.2457368824 +03 07 45.701284764   12.8       ~ 241 0
44 NGC 3193 GiP 10 18 24.884 +21 53 38.32 12.29 11.83 10.88 12.19   ~ 301 1
45 NGC 3182 Sy2 10 19 33.0239134272 +58 12 20.586154752   13.0       ~ 121 0
46 NGC 3226 rG 10 23 27.0064075320 +19 53 54.674937420   14.32 13.33     ~ 440 1
47 NGC 3245 LIN 10 27 18.3864983136 +28 30 26.621599932   11.6       ~ 372 0
48 NGC 3301 GiG 10 36 56.0401118904 +21 52 55.516904976   12.2       ~ 152 0
49 NGC 3377 GiP 10 47 42.400 +13 59 08.30 11.55 11.24 10.38     ~ 798 1
50 M 105 LIN 10 47 49.600 +12 34 53.87   10.56 9.76 9.12 8.18 ~ 1504 0
51 NGC 3384 GiG 10 48 16.8855574392 +12 37 45.371165844   10.0       ~ 617 1
52 NGC 3412 GiG 10 50 53.2803559464 +13 24 43.721664876 11.84 11.45 10.54     ~ 248 1
53 NGC 3414 GiC 10 51 16.2099174408 +27 58 30.297624852   12.1       ~ 353 0
54 NGC 3489 GiG 11 00 18.5483994744 +13 54 04.206202668 11.46 11.12 10.29     ~ 429 1
55 Z 125-29 H2G 11 07 24.6828148008 +21 39 25.578974664   14.8       ~ 83 0
56 IC 676 H2G 11 12 39.8140774166 +09 03 19.836734750   13.4       ~ 152 0
57 NGC 3599 GiP 11 15 26.9494646448 +18 06 37.428503940   13.0       ~ 226 0
58 NGC 3605 GiG 11 16 46.5896102400 +18 01 01.777666908   12.7       ~ 261 0
59 NGC 3607 Sy2 11 16 54.65687 +18 03 06.5120   13.84 12.76     ~ 490 1
60 NGC 3608 LIN 11 16 58.967 +18 08 54.71   11.7       ~ 527 0
61 NGC 3610 GiG 11 18 25.2827189856 +58 47 10.433735988   11.4       ~ 327 0
62 NGC 3619 GiG 11 19 21.5781353400 +57 45 28.018459368   12.6       ~ 180 0
63 NGC 3626 GiG 11 20 03.8069651160 +18 21 24.543304164   11.2       ~ 282 0
64 NGC 3630 GiG 11 20 16.9744492824 +02 57 51.853628196   12.91       ~ 111 1
65 NGC 3640 GiG 11 21 06.852 +03 14 05.15 11.89 11.36 10.44     ~ 291 3
66 NGC 3641 GiG 11 21 08.8111086864 +03 11 40.530956028   14.10 13.20     ~ 113 1
67 NGC 3648 GiG 11 22 31.5070422432 +39 52 36.753613320   13.57 12.64     ~ 84 0
68 NGC 3665 GiG 11 24 43.630 +38 45 46.05 13.71 13.26 11.62     ~ 364 1
69 IC 719 AG? 11 40 18.4960446000 +09 00 35.742181788   13.6       ~ 133 0
70 NGC 3941 Sy2 11 52 55.3609498656 +36 59 10.716212904   11.45 11.62 9.97   ~ 261 0
71 NGC 3945 GiG 11 53 13.6081388304 +60 40 32.125024704   11.6       ~ 265 0
72 NGC 3998 Sy2 11 57 56.1334044408 +55 27 12.922443432   11.64 12.10 10.09   ~ 682 2
73 NGC 4026 GiP 11 59 25.0914676128 +50 57 41.951225700   12.17       ~ 290 0
74 NGC 4036 LIN 12 01 26.7603659808 +61 53 44.625848784   12.18 11.20     ~ 282 0
75 NGC 4111 LIN 12 07 03.1334091672 +43 03 56.345868252 12.07 11.63 10.74     ~ 350 1
76 NGC 4124 EmG 12 08 09.6312226800 +10 22 44.303673612   12.7       ~ 167 1
77 NGC 4143 LIN 12 09 36.0679174440 +42 32 03.031963368   13.04 12.08     ~ 251 0
78 NGC 4150 GiG 12 10 33.655 +30 24 05.35 12.72 12.44 11.64     ~ 331 2
79 NGC 4168 Sy2 12 12 17.2692381408 +13 12 18.688208724 12.58 12.11 11.18     ~ 393 1
80 NGC 4203 LIN 12 15 05.0549203560 +33 11 50.383965120   12.98 11.99     ~ 514 2
81 NGC 4233 GiG 12 17 07.690 +07 37 27.96   13.2       ~ 174 0
82 NGC 4251 GiP 12 18 08.3407168056 +28 10 31.135758600   11.5       ~ 211 0
83 NGC 4261 LIN 12 19 23.2160630 +05 49 29.700024   13.92 12.87     ~ 1290 0
84 NGC 4278 LIN 12 20 06.8242 +29 16 50.722 11.54 11.09 10.16     ~ 988 2
85 NGC 4283 GiG 12 20 20.7691223880 +29 18 39.154727556 13.47 13.00 12.07     ~ 209 1
86 NGC 4281 GiG 12 20 21.5246429784 +05 23 11.188759092   12.5       ~ 195 0
87 NGC 4324 GiG 12 23 06.1747492368 +05 15 01.229253372   12.5       ~ 208 0
88 NGC 4346 GiG 12 23 27.9622537560 +46 59 37.642074396   12.3       ~ 122 0
89 NGC 4350 GiP 12 23 57.814 +16 41 36.08   11.5 11.08     ~ 331 0
90 NGC 4365 GiG 12 24 28.228 +07 19 03.07   11.5       ~ 871 0
91 M 84 Sy2 12 25 03.74333 +12 53 13.1393 12.67 12.09 10.49     ~ 1841 2
92 NGC 4429 GiG 12 27 26.5040002440 +11 06 27.588767616   11.4       ~ 348 0
93 NGC 4435 GiG 12 27 40.503 +13 04 44.48 12.23 11.74 10.80     ~ 474 2
94 NGC 4459 H2G 12 29 00.0329905416 +13 58 42.826603332   11.6       ~ 567 0
95 M 49 Sy2 12 29 46.8 +08 00 01   13.21 12.17     ~ 2174 2
96 NGC 4473 GiG 12 29 48.878 +13 25 45.55 11.60 11.16 10.20     ~ 671 1
97 NGC 4476 GiG 12 29 59.0772974472 +12 20 55.292203464 13.28 13.01 12.19     ~ 340 1
98 NGC 4477 Sy2 12 30 02.1955766304 +13 38 11.543715888 11.98 11.38 10.42     ~ 419 2
99 NGC 4478 GiP 12 30 17.4160005576 +12 19 42.790577160 12.82 12.36 11.45   10.17 ~ 508 1
100 NAME Virgo Cluster ClG 12 30 47.8 +12 23 07           ~ 7107 0
101 M 87 AGN 12 30 49.42338414 +12 23 28.0436859 10.16 9.59 8.63   7.49 ~ 7815 3
102 NGC 4486A GiG 12 30 57.7095721176 +12 16 13.316512872   11.2 11.59 12.02   ~ 242 1
103 NGC 4494 GiP 12 31 24.0391348536 +25 46 30.071664120   10.55 9.74     ~ 491 0
104 NGC 4526 GiC 12 34 03.02853 +07 41 56.9040   10.6       ~ 707 0
105 NGC 4546 Sy2 12 35 29.4931619736 -03 47 35.383858656 11.89 11.30 10.32     ~ 230 1
106 NGC 4550 GiP 12 35 30.5913588048 +12 13 14.921166792 12.97 12.56 11.68     ~ 558 1
107 NGC 4551 GiP 12 35 37.9542692328 +12 15 50.284593432 13.49 12.97 12.02     ~ 371 1
108 M 89 Sy2 12 35 39.80733343 +12 33 22.8308657 11.29 10.73 9.75     ~ 1037 2
109 NGC 4564 GiG 12 36 26.9869512504 +11 26 21.204472848 12.51 12.05 11.12     ~ 615 1
110 NGC 4570 GiG 12 36 53.3828233728 +07 14 47.697174852   11.8       ~ 342 0
111 NGC 4596 GiP 12 39 55.9544722920 +10 10 34.185047628   12.4       ~ 387 0
112 M 59 GiG 12 42 02.2581375168 +11 38 48.909507756   11.0       ~ 721 0
113 NGC 4636 LIN 12 42 49.8333280080 +02 41 15.951929028   12.62 11.84     ~ 1156 1
114 NGC 4643 LIN 12 43 20.1435647088 +01 58 41.716062264   11.9       ~ 286 0
115 M 60 GiC 12 43 39.9708251934 +11 33 09.688174067   10.3       ~ 1395 1
116 NGC 4684 GiG 12 47 17.5097110680 -02 43 38.661355884   12.4       ~ 153 0
117 NGC 4694 AGN 12 48 15.091 +10 59 01.05   13.93 13.36     ~ 302 0
118 NGC 4697 GiG 12 48 35.8981498824 -05 48 02.482374564   10.97   9.83   ~ 895 0
119 NGC 4710 H2G 12 49 38.958 +15 09 55.76   11.6       ~ 329 0
120 NGC 4754 GiP 12 52 17.563 +11 18 49.18   11.6       ~ 295 0
121 NGC 4753 GiG 12 52 22.112 -01 11 58.88 11.26 10.85 9.95     ~ 288 1
122 NGC 4762 LIN 12 52 56.049 +11 13 50.88   11.1       ~ 377 0
123 NGC 5173 GiP 13 28 25.2798599736 +46 35 29.890508928   13.10       ~ 153 1
124 NGC 5198 GiP 13 30 11.3858465016 +46 40 14.667297420   13.2       ~ 189 0
125 3C 286 Sy1 13 31 08.2883506368 +30 30 32.960091564   17.51 17.25     ~ 4558 2
126 NGC 5273 Sy1 13 42 08.3801616672 +35 39 15.467518836   14.01 13.12     ~ 510 0
127 NGC 5308 GiP 13 47 00.4361008824 +60 58 23.334066588   12.5       ~ 217 0
128 NGC 5322 SyG 13 49 15.24 +60 11 25.8   11.3       ~ 432 2
129 NGC 5353 rG 13 53 26.7104646981 +40 16 59.200050598   11.8   10.57   ~ 309 1
130 NGC 5379 GiP 13 55 34.347 +59 44 34.17   14.1       ~ 108 0
131 NGC 5475 GiG 14 05 12.4060318056 +55 44 30.694106112   13.4       ~ 107 0
132 NGC 5485 LIN 14 07 11.3594809920 +55 00 06.084219996 14.34 13.82 12.22     ~ 267 0
133 NGC 5574 GiP 14 20 55.9688962704 +03 14 16.792454148 13.54 13.23 12.39     ~ 158 1
134 NGC 5576 GiP 14 21 03.691 +03 16 15.78 12.25 11.85 10.96     ~ 347 1
135 NGC 5631 Sy2 14 26 33.2913328320 +56 34 57.424681848   13.51 12.55     ~ 204 0
136 NGC 5638 GiP 14 29 40.3717451400 +03 13 59.987811648 12.57 12.14 11.20     ~ 252 2
137 IC 1024 GiG 14 31 27.221 +03 00 32.78   13.87       ~ 127 1
138 NGC 5687 AG? 14 34 52.4035487328 +54 28 33.102669864   13.30       ~ 113 0
139 Z 192-59 AG? 14 46 21.127 +34 22 14.34   14.4       ~ 103 0
140 NGC 5813 LIN 15 01 11.2302420864 +01 42 07.141569696 12.00 11.45 10.46 10.06   ~ 673 2
141 NGC 5831 GiG 15 04 07.0002600408 +01 13 11.705607012   13.1   11.19   ~ 304 0
142 NGC 5838 GiG 15 05 26.2447857696 +02 05 57.349108392   12.1   10.26   ~ 252 0
143 NGC 5839 GiG 15 05 27.4892848248 +01 38 05.284771152   13.9 12.19 11.67 10.72 ~ 113 0
144 NGC 5845 GiG 15 06 00.7823239488 +01 38 01.704838596   13.8 11.20 12.06 9.94 ~ 403 0
145 NGC 5846 rG 15 06 29.253 +01 36 20.29   11.9   9.74   ~ 891 2
146 M 102 SyG 15 06 29.561 +55 45 47.91 11.12 10.74 9.89     ~ 578 2
147 NGC 6014 G 15 55 57.4094044224 +05 55 55.125528852   13.8       ~ 105 0
148 Z 51-21 AG? 16 02 11.6151683568 +07 05 09.904216668   15.0       ~ 65 0
149 Z 52-15 AG? 16 26 04.2968240808 +02 54 23.887533672   15.4       ~ 66 0
150 NGC 6278 GiP 17 00 50.3235598776 +23 00 39.735179064   13.8       ~ 173 0
151 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 16269 0
152 NAME Sgr A* X 17 45 40.03599 -29 00 28.1699           ~ 4970 3
153 NGC 6547 AG? 18 05 10.0215915936 +25 13 57.451423620   14.3       ~ 50 0
154 NGC 6548 GiP 18 05 59.2439762424 +18 35 14.256371040   13.1       ~ 82 0
155 Z 113-24 AG? 18 09 26.580 +19 07 03.65   15.1       ~ 42 0
156 NGC 6703 AG? 18 47 18.8166660360 +45 33 02.274865812   12.29 11.34     ~ 225 0
157 NGC 6798 AG? 19 24 03.1663172664 +53 37 29.387614044   14.5       ~ 69 0
158 NGC 7280 GiP 22 26 27.5758899936 +16 08 53.421593496   13.6       ~ 169 0
159 NGC 7332 GiP 22 37 24.5373044952 +23 47 53.830708800   12.0       ~ 391 0
160 NGC 7457 AG? 23 00 59.9263288440 +30 08 41.764398792   11.04 11.87     ~ 459 0
161 NGC 7454 GiG 23 01 06.5120307216 +16 23 18.484008792   13.6       ~ 157 0
162 NGC 7465 Sy2 23 02 00.9603717552 +15 57 53.236032120   13.3       ~ 333 0
163 NGC 7693 EmG 23 33 10.5122296440 -01 17 30.952012200   14.7       ~ 44 0

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