2016MNRAS.462.1551Y

Although it is generally accepted that the unidentified infrared emission (UIE) features at 3.3, 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, and 11.3 µm are characteristic of the stretching and bending vibrations of aromatic hydrocarbon materials, the exact nature of their carriers remains unknown: whether they are free-flying, predominantly aromatic gas-phase molecules, or amorphous solids with a mixed aromatic/aliphatic composition are being debated. Recently, the 3.3 and 3.4 µm features which are commonly respectively attributed to aromatic and aliphatic C-H stretches have been used to place an upper limit of ∼2 per cent on the aliphatic fraction of the UIE carriers (i.e. the number of C atoms in aliphatic chains to that in aromatic rings). Here we further explore the aliphatic versus aromatic content of the UIE carriers by examining the ratio of the observed intensity of the 6.2 µm aromatic C-C feature (I_6.2) to that of the 6.85 µm aliphatic C-H deformation feature (I_6.85). To derive the intrinsic oscillator strengths of the 6.2 µm stretch (A_6.2) and the 6.85 µm deformation (A_6.85), we employ density functional theory to compute the vibrational spectra of seven methylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules and their cations. By comparing I_6.85/I_6.2 with A_6.85/A_6.2, we derive the fraction of C atoms in methyl(ene) aliphatic form to be at most ∼10 per cent, confirming the earlier finding that the UIE emitters are predominantly aromatic. We have also computed the intrinsic strength of the 7.25 µm feature (A_7.25), another aliphatic C-H deformation band. We find that A_6.85 appreciably exceeds A_7.25. This explains why the 6.85 µm feature is more frequently detected in space than the 7.25 µm feature.