2017A&A...599A..37D

Query : 2017A&A...599A..37D

2017A&A...599A..37D - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 599A37-37 (2017/3-1)

Globules and pillars in Cygnus X. II. Massive star formation in the globule IRAS 20319+3958.

DJUPVIK A.A., COMERON F. and SCHNEIDER N.

Abstract (from CDS):

Globules and pillars, impressively revealed by the Spitzer and Herschel satellites, for example, are pervasive features found in regions of massive star formation. Studying their embedded stellar populations can provide an excellent laboratory to test theories of triggered star formation and the features that it may imprint on the stellar aggregates resulting from it. We studied the globule IRAS 20319+3958 in Cygnus X by means of visible and near-infrared imaging and spectroscopy, complemented with mid-infrared Spitzer/IRAC imaging, in order to obtain a census of its stellar content and the nature of its embedded sources. Our observations show that the globule contains an embedded aggregate of about 30 very young (≤1Myr) stellar objects, for which we estimate a total mass of ∼90M_☉. The most massive members are three systems containing early B-type stars. Two of them most likely produced very compact HII regions, one of them being still highly embedded and coinciding with a peak seen in emission lines characterising the photon dominated region (PDR). Two of these three systems are resolved binaries, and one of those contains a visible Herbig Be star. An approximate derivation of the mass function of the members of the aggregate gives hints of a slope at high masses shallower than the classical Salpeter slope, and a peak of the mass distribution at a mass higher than that at which the widely adopted log-normal initial mass function peaks. The emission distribution of H₂ and Brγ, tracing the PDR and the ionised gas phase, respectively, suggests that molecular gas is distributed as a shell around the embedded aggregate, filled with centrally-condensed ionised gas. Both, the morphology and the low excitation of the HII region, indicate that the sources of ionisation are the B stars of the embedded aggregate, rather than the external UV field caused by the O stars of Cygnus OB2. The youth of the embedded cluster, combined with the isolation of the globule, suggests that star formation in the globule was triggered by the passage of the ionisation front.

Abstract Copyright: © ESO, 2017

Journal keyword(s): ISM: clouds - stars: formation - ISM: individual objects: IRAS 20319+3958 - ISM: individual objects: Cygnus X - ISM: individual objects: Cygnus X

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/599/A37): table3.dat>

Nomenclature: Table 3: [DCS2017] NNN (Nos 1-144).

Simbad objects: 158

Full paper

View the references in ADS

Number of rows : 158

N	Identifier	Otype	ICRS (J2000) RA	ICRS (J2000) DEC	Mag U	Mag B	Mag V	Mag R	Mag I	Sp type	#ref 1850 - 2026	#notes
1	GUM 53	HII	16 40 00.1	-48 51 45						~	98	1
2	IRAS 16362-4845	MoC	16 40 00.1	-48 51 45						~	20	2
3	HD 191703	*	20 09 50.4102979560	+39 08 12.826372380	7.560	7.430	7.130			F0V	25	0
4	NAME Northern Coalsack	DNe	20 21	+37.0						~	124	0
5	NGC 6910	OpC	20 23 12.2	+40 46 16						~	202	0
6	NAME Cyg X	Cld	20 30 04.7973633	+40 51 36.002197						~	962	1
7	18P 59	HII	20 32 31.2	+40 16 35						~	75	0
8	Ass Cyg OB 2	As*	20 33.2	+41 19						~	1023	0
9	[DCS2017] 136	Y*?	20 33 12.3560	+40 01 44.040						~	1	0
10	SPICY 112517	Y*?	20 33 12.920	+40 05 32.06						~	2	0
11	[DCS2017] 137	Y*?	20 33 16.1853297000	+40 14 58.597226520						~	1	0
12	[DCS2017] 48	Y*?	20 33 17.0288	+40 16 19.349						~	1	0
13	2MASS J20331981+4002208	Y*?	20 33 19.81128	+40 02 20.8860						~	2	0
14	SPICY 112570	Y*?	20 33 20.036	+40 13 10.80						~	2	0
15	[DCS2017] 138	Y*?	20 33 21.2183	+40 03 51.084						~	1	0
16	ZTF J203323.08+401503.9	RS*	20 33 23.0806533984	+40 15 03.917482884						~	7	0
17	[DCS2017] 50	Y*?	20 33 23.1226	+40 01 29.813						~	1	0
18	2MASS J20332327+4009335	Y*?	20 33 23.2771250976	+40 09 33.606679032				21.23	18.53	~	2	0
19	[DCS2017] 51	Y*?	20 33 24.0381	+40 01 50.344						~	1	0
20	[DCS2017] 52	Y*?	20 33 25.0415	+40 14 13.775						~	1	0
21	[DCS2017] 14	Y*?	20 33 27.0850	+40 15 12.126						~	1	0
22	[DCS2017] 139	Y*?	20 33 28.0225	+40 11 13.956				22.04	19.45	~	1	0
23	[DCS2017] 15	Y*?	20 33 28.2495	+40 03 46.153						~	1	0
24	[DCS2017] 53	Y*?	20 33 29.2090	+40 11 08.669						~	1	0
25	2MASS J20333046+4008144	Y*?	20 33 30.46752	+40 08 14.4132						~	2	0
26	2MASS J20333177+4015557	Y*?	20 33 31.77816	+40 15 55.7280						~	2	0
27	2MASS J20333296+4015225	Y*?	20 33 32.96016	+40 15 22.5360						~	2	0
28	2MASS J20333410+4007564	Y*?	20 33 34.10832	+40 07 56.4096						~	2	0
29	2MASS J20333630+4009084	Y*?	20 33 36.3135523056	+40 09 08.420121216			18.91	17.70	16.22	~	2	0
30	2MASS J20333662+4008155	Y*?	20 33 36.62952	+40 08 15.5256						~	2	0
31	2MASS J20333684+4009387	TT*	20 33 36.8440121088	+40 09 38.790820476			19.70	18.30	16.24	M0.5	3	0
32	[DCS2017] 56	Y*?	20 33 39.2139	+40 10 21.757						~	1	0
33	2MASS J20333955+4012025	Y*?	20 33 39.5583864576	+40 12 02.568723804			20.93	18.97	16.49	~	3	0
34	2MASS J20333971+4003083	Y*?	20 33 39.71856	+40 03 08.3196						~	2	0
35	2MASS J20334102+4003417	Y*?	20 33 41.02704	+40 03 41.7024						~	2	0
36	[DCS2017] 59	Y*?	20 33 42.1069	+40 12 12.994						~	1	0
37	[DCS2017] 60	Y*?	20 33 42.1143	+40 03 08.388						~	1	0
38	2MASS J20334311+4010430	Y*?	20 33 43.11360	+40 10 43.0968						~	2	0
39	[DCS2017] 61	Y*?	20 33 44.4507	+40 12 24.337						~	1	0
40	[DCS2017] 140	Y*?	20 33 44.9634	+40 08 53.125						~	1	0
41	ZTF J203345.40+401212.4	RS*	20 33 45.4073332728	+40 12 12.412244700			18.36	17.13	15.58	~	5	0
42	[DCS2017] 62	Y*?	20 33 45.4175	+40 10 32.840						~	1	0
43	[DCS2017] 24	Y*?	20 33 45.4248	+40 09 27.760						~	1	0
44	[DCS2017] 141	Y*?	20 33 45.6139493976	+40 04 41.433931092			21.99	20.93	18.70	~	1	0
45	[DCS2017] 63	Y*?	20 33 45.7757101848	+40 01 27.319064808						~	1	0
46	[DCS2017] 64	Y*?	20 33 45.9459688368	+40 10 59.938376736					18.99	~	1	0
47	[DCS2017] 65	Y*?	20 33 46.0775143824	+40 08 50.463326976					18.65	~	1	0
48	[DCS2017] 3	Y*?	20 33 46.4136	+40 08 45.641				20.37	20.22	~	1	0
49	[DCS2017] 66	Y*?	20 33 46.5231479040	+40 08 28.014124992			20.13	19.14	17.30	~	1	0
50	[DCS2017] 67	Y*?	20 33 46.6772	+40 05 49.818						~	1	0
51	2MASS J20334677+4009011	Y*?	20 33 46.7747942088	+40 09 01.094839344			17.64	15.90	13.75	~	1	0
52	[DCS2017] 68	Y*?	20 33 47.0326891176	+40 09 07.818575688						~	1	0
53	2MASS J20334705+4011017	Y*?	20 33 47.05704	+40 11 01.7196						~	2	0
54	[DCS2017] 69	Y*?	20 33 47.0828825280	+40 08 03.500319372				21.24	18.73	~	1	0
55	[DCS2017] 70	Y*?	20 33 47.3145	+40 08 58.385						~	1	0
56	2MASS J20334736+4005484	Y*?	20 33 47.36424	+40 05 48.4728						~	2	0
57	[DCS2017] 4	Y*?	20 33 47.6495243328	+40 08 29.401623060						~	1	0
58	[DCS2017] 71	Y*?	20 33 47.8857	+40 09 19.726						~	1	0
59	[DCS2017] 5	Y*?	20 33 47.9077	+40 08 52.768						~	1	0
60	[DCS2017] 72	Y*?	20 33 48.4790	+40 15 03.749						~	1	0
61	[DCS2017] 73	Y*?	20 33 48.7500	+40 08 10.746						~	1	0
62	[DCS2017] 6	Y*?	20 33 48.8159	+40 08 34.655			21.12	19.14	16.65	~	1	0
63	2MASS J20334881+4009192	Y*?	20 33 48.8190408240	+40 09 19.180300608						~	2	0
64	[DCS2017] 75	Y*?	20 33 48.8477247192	+40 08 50.801871192			21.31	19.50	17.21	~	1	0
65	[DCS2017] 28	Y*?	20 33 48.8599	+40 04 41.703						~	1	0
66	[DCS2017] 76	Y*?	20 33 48.8965	+40 09 27.073						~	1	0
67	[DCS2017] 7	Y*?	20 33 48.9161446416	+40 08 35.382242472			21.12	19.14	16.65	~	1	0
68	[DCS2017] 77	Y*?	20 33 49.0063	+40 09 28.295						~	1	0
69	[DCS2017] 8	Y*?	20 33 49.0283	+40 08 43.979						~	1	0
70	[DCS2017] 78	Y*?	20 33 49.0430	+40 09 04.757						~	1	0
71	[DCS2017] 79	Y*?	20 33 49.1382	+40 06 36.936			15.84	15.35	14.74	~	1	0
72	[DCS2017] 9	Y*?	20 33 49.1602	+40 08 39.186						~	1	0
73	IRAS 20319+3958	HII	20 33 49.24632	+40 08 44.1924						~	45	1
74	[DCS2017] 30	Y*?	20 33 49.3213	+40 08 51.299						~	1	0
75	[DCS2017] 29	Y*?	20 33 49.3359	+40 08 51.697			17.03	15.54	13.55	~	1	0
76	[DCS2017] 80	Y*?	20 33 49.4385	+40 08 05.609						~	1	0
77	[DCS2017] 142	Y*?	20 33 49.5630	+40 08 57.341						~	1	0
78	[DCS2017] 81	Y*?	20 33 49.8120	+40 10 05.237						~	1	0
79	[DCS2017] 82	Y*?	20 33 49.9805	+40 09 13.711						~	1	0
80	[DCS2017] 143	Y*?	20 33 50.1018878376	+40 02 34.429249032						~	1	0
81	2MASS J20335010+4010438	Y*?	20 33 50.10696	+40 10 43.8528						~	2	0
82	[DCS2017] 83	Y*?	20 33 50.2734	+40 08 41.782						~	1	0
83	[DCS2017] 84	Y*?	20 33 50.4565	+40 09 59.826						~	1	0
84	[DCS2017] 85	Y*?	20 33 50.4932	+40 09 13.107						~	1	0
85	[DCS2017] 10	Y*?	20 33 50.7056	+40 08 41.068						~	1	0
86	[DCS2017] 86	Y*?	20 33 50.8301	+40 07 56.106						~	1	0
87	[DCS2017] 87	Y*?	20 33 50.9173216824	+40 09 16.473118320						~	1	0
88	[DCS2017] 88	Y*?	20 33 51.1557552096	+40 08 53.507304456			18.34	16.72	14.62	~	1	0
89	[DCS2017] 89	Y*?	20 33 51.2640591336	+40 09 18.437392188			21.82		18.66	~	1	0
90	[DCS2017] 90	Y*?	20 33 51.6357	+40 08 28.969			19.71	18.65	17.27	~	1	0
91	[DCS2017] 91	Y*?	20 33 51.6870	+40 09 57.354			15.37	14.91	14.27	~	1	0
92	2MASS J20335183+4010493	Y*?	20 33 51.83184	+40 10 49.3608						~	2	0
93	[DCS2017] 93	Y*?	20 33 52.2510	+40 15 42.119						~	1	0
94	[DCS2017] 94	Y*?	20 33 52.2949	+40 09 24.944						~	1	0
95	2MASS J20335252+4013329	Y*?	20 33 52.52520	+40 13 32.9880						~	2	0
96	[DCS2017] 96	Y*?	20 33 52.5293	+40 09 21.703					20.47	~	1	0
97	2MASS J20335286+4007415	Y*?	20 33 52.86288	+40 07 41.5632						~	2	0
98	[DCS2017] 98	Y*?	20 33 52.9248	+40 09 27.004						~	1	0
99	[DCS2017] 144	Y*?	20 33 53.3057	+40 09 31.207						~	1	0
100	[DCS2017] 99	Y*?	20 33 53.4448	+40 08 53.125						~	1	0
101	[DCS2017] 100	Y*?	20 33 53.6426	+40 09 02.670					18.73	~	1	0
102	[DCS2017] 101	Y*?	20 33 53.7817	+40 08 17.269						~	1	0
103	2MASS J20335394+4002468	Y*?	20 33 53.94600	+40 02 46.8672						~	2	0
104	2MASS J20335639+4010473	Y*?	20 33 56.3672755032	+40 10 47.411030964				21.35	18.82	~	2	0
105	2MASS J20335675+4012010	Y*?	20 33 56.75016	+40 12 01.0188				20.64	19.18	~	2	0
106	2MASS J20335699+4003204	Y*?	20 33 56.9791981488	+40 03 20.200329756						~	2	0
107	2MASS J20335735+4008311	Y*?	20 33 57.3531168648	+40 08 31.127213796			21.21	19.34	16.87	~	2	0
108	[DCS2017] 102	Y*?	20 33 57.5244	+40 10 09.549						~	1	0
109	2MASS J20335759+4007566	Y*?	20 33 57.59160	+40 07 56.6148						~	2	0
110	2MASS J20335811+4016058	Y*?	20 33 58.1133409272	+40 16 05.817845208						~	2	0
111	2MASS J20335838+4014334	Y*?	20 33 58.38264	+40 14 33.4824						~	2	0
112	2MASS J20340110+4010316	Y*?	20 34 01.10760	+40 10 31.6848						~	2	0
113	2MASS J20340227+4010576	Y*?	20 34 02.2708789464	+40 10 57.687310380				20.35	18.08	~	2	0
114	[DCS2017] 105	Y*?	20 34 02.9370	+40 02 01.577						~	1	0
115	2MASS J20340336+4011220	Y*?	20 34 03.36984	+40 11 22.0452						~	2	0
116	2MASS J20340476+4004473	Y*?	20 34 04.7624991096	+40 04 47.270856756				21.19	18.55	~	2	0
117	[DCS2017] 107	Y*?	20 34 05.2075	+40 03 50.177						~	1	0
118	[DCS2017] 108	Y*?	20 34 05.3514730440	+40 07 47.854435800				19.74	17.37	~	1	0
119	[DCS2017] 109	Y*?	20 34 06.8335	+40 14 53.230						~	1	0
120	2MASS J20340689+4004535	Y*?	20 34 06.8966990784	+40 04 53.549876028				21.30	18.58	~	2	0
121	[DCS2017] 111	Y*?	20 34 07.4487	+40 15 55.728						~	1	0
122	2MASS J20340754+4003258	Y*?	20 34 07.5474647112	+40 03 25.972686792						~	2	0
123	[DCS2017] 112	Y*?	20 34 07.8150	+40 06 32.473			23.13		18.12	~	1	0
124	[DCS2017] 113	Y*?	20 34 07.9452102336	+40 10 35.028025788			18.58	16.93	14.82	~	1	0
125	[DCS2017] 114	Y*?	20 34 09.8511	+40 06 05.076						~	1	0
126	2MASS J20341005+4003525	Y*?	20 34 10.05600	+40 03 52.5816						~	2	0
127	[DCS2017] 116	Y*?	20 34 10.2173	+40 05 38.118						~	1	0
128	2MASS J20341021+4011193	Y*?	20 34 10.21944	+40 11 19.3380						~	2	0
129	[DCS2017] 117	Y*?	20 34 11.2927377552	+40 13 28.178905836						~	1	0
130	[DCS2017] 118	Y*?	20 34 11.9385	+40 16 07.607						~	1	0
131	[DCS2017] 119	Y*?	20 34 12.0630	+40 08 33.858						~	1	0
132	[DCS2017] 120	Y*?	20 34 13.3887	+40 14 02.514						~	1	0
133	2MASS J20341359+4009376	Y*?	20 34 13.59264	+40 09 37.6740						~	2	0
134	[DCS2017] 122	Y*?	20 34 17.7100	+40 10 14.053						~	1	0
135	2MASS J20341838+4007280	Y*?	20 34 18.3872956824	+40 07 27.891757596						~	2	0
136	[DCS2017] 123	Y*?	20 34 18.5303	+40 12 31.712						~	1	0
137	[DCS2017] 124	Y*?	20 34 19.1382	+40 13 27.152						~	1	0
138	2MASS J20341961+4015466	Y*?	20 34 19.61424	+40 15 46.6920						~	2	0
139	[DCS2017] 126	Y*?	20 34 20.3125021848	+40 05 47.296536576						~	1	0
140	[DCS2017] 127	Y*?	20 34 20.6836	+40 12 50.691						~	1	0
141	[DCS2017] 128	Y*?	20 34 22.3242	+40 08 29.477						~	1	0
142	[DCS2017] 129	Y*?	20 34 22.3901	+40 09 39.090						~	1	0
143	[DCS2017] 130	Y*?	20 34 22.7051	+40 12 42.918						~	1	0
144	[DCS2017] 131	Y*?	20 34 23.1226	+40 01 40.552						~	1	0
145	[DCS2017] 11	Y*?	20 34 23.8110	+40 13 14.270						~	1	0
146	[DCS2017] 132	Y*?	20 34 24.2725	+40 12 42.232						~	1	0
147	SPICY 113077	Y*?	20 34 24.879	+40 04 32.94						~	2	0
148	2MASS J20342607+4004217	Y*?	20 34 26.07072	+40 04 21.7488						~	2	0
149	2MASS J20342686+4004241	Y*?	20 34 26.86080	+40 04 24.1104						~	2	0
150	2MASS J20342806+4015503	Y*?	20 34 28.06992	+40 15 50.3712						~	2	0
151	2MASS J20342847+4003050	Y*?	20 34 28.47816	+40 03 05.0652						~	2	0
152	[DCS2017] 134	Y*?	20 34 30.6958	+40 11 24.325						~	1	0
153	[DCS2017] 135	Y*?	20 34 31.8896	+40 16 28.275						~	1	0
154	18P 64	Rad	20 35 08.4	+41 13 20						~	28	0
155	18P 73	Rad	20 36 55.9	+41 36 29						~	50	0
156	DR 22	HII	20 39 16.67	+41 18 44.7						~	51	1
157	HD 199373	PM*	20 55 16.6554259920	+43 47 25.722558852		8.19	7.73			F5V	34	0
158	IC 1396	OpC	21 38 51.4	+57 31 52						~	523	1

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