2017A&A...607A..44B

Query : 2017A&A...607A..44B

2017A&A...607A..44B - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 607A44-44 (2017/11-1)

NGC 6535: the lowest mass Milky Way globular cluster with a Na-O anti-correlation?. Cluster mass and age in the multiple population context.

BRAGAGLIA A., CARRETTA E., D'ORAZI V., SOLLIMA A., DONATI P., GRATTON R.G. and LUCATELLO S.

Abstract (from CDS):

To understand globular clusters (GCs) we need to comprehend how their formation process was able to produce their abundance distribution of light elements. In particular, we seek to figure out which stars imprinted the peculiar chemical signature of GCs. One of the best ways is to study the light-element anti-correlations in a large sample of GCs that are analysed homogeneously. As part of our spectroscopic survey of GCs with FLAMES, we present here the results of our study of about 30 red giant member stars in the low-mass, low-metallicity Milky Way cluster NGC 6535. We measured the metallicity (finding [Fe/H]=-1.95, rms=0.04dex in our homogeneous scale) and other elements of the cluster and, in particular, we concentrate here on O and Na abundances. These elements define the normal Na-O anti-correlation of classical GCs, making NGC 6535 perhaps the lowest mass cluster with a confirmed presence of multiple populations. We updated the census of Galactic and extragalactic GCs for which a statement on the presence or absence of multiple populations can be made on the basis of high-resolution spectroscopy preferentially, or photometry and low-resolution spectroscopy otherwise; we also discuss the importance of mass and age of the clusters as factors for multiple populations.

Abstract Copyright: © ESO, 2017

Journal keyword(s): stars: abundances - stars: atmospheres - stars: Population II - open clusters and associations: individual: NGC 6535 - globular clusters: general - globular clusters: general

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/607/A44): table2.dat>

Simbad objects: 170

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Number of rows : 170
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 Cl Lindsay 1 Cl* 00 03 53.50 -73 28 15.0   11.7       ~ 125 0
2 NGC 104 GlC 00 24 05.359 -72 04 53.20     4.09     ~ 4158 0
3 NGC 121 GlC 00 26 49.0 -71 32 10   11.2 11.24     ~ 330 0
4 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 12317 1
5 NGC 288 GlC 00 52 45.24 -26 34 57.4   10 8.13     ~ 1130 0
6 NGC 339 OpC 00 57 47.62 -74 28 14.6 13.23 12.94 12.21   11.20 ~ 157 0
7 NGC 362 GlC 01 03 14.26 -70 50 55.6     6.58     ~ 1167 0
8 NGC 416 Cl* 01 07 59.03 -72 21 20.5 12.73 12.55 11.76   10.71 ~ 156 1
9 NGC 419 OpC 01 08 17.26 -72 53 01.8 11.41 11.16 10.50   9.34 ~ 287 0
10 NGC 752 OpC 01 56 53.7 +37 45 06           ~ 712 0
11 NAME Fornax H1 Cl* 02 37 02.1 -34 11 00     16.59     ~ 107 0
12 NAME Fornax H2 GlC 02 38 44.24 -34 48 30.5   14.5       ~ 93 0
13 NAME Fornax H3 GlC 02 39 48.16 -34 15 28.6   13.59       ~ 131 0
14 MCG-06-07-001 G 02 39 59.3 -34 26 57   9.02 7.4     ~ 1894 1
15 NAME Fornax H5 GlC 02 42 21.111 -34 06 05.80   14.5       ~ 101 0
16 NAME Magellanic Clouds GrG 03 00 -71.0           ~ 7988 0
17 NGC 1261 GlC 03 12 16.21 -55 12 58.4     8.63     ~ 579 0
18 Cl Pal 1 GlC 03 33 20.04 +79 34 51.8   17.2       ~ 267 1
19 NGC 1651 GlC 04 37 32.530 -70 35 08.71   12.99 12.28     ~ 125 0
20 NGC 1786 Cl* 04 59 07.470 -67 44 45.44   10.1       ~ 152 0
21 NGC 1783 GlC 04 59 08.590 -65 59 15.84   10.9 10.93     ~ 273 0
22 NGC 1806 GlC 05 02 11.180 -67 59 05.89   11.1       ~ 165 0
23 NGC 1866 GlC 05 13 38.920 -65 27 52.75           ~ 437 0
24 NGC 1851 GlC 05 14 06.76 -40 02 47.6           ~ 1529 0
25 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
26 M 79 GlC 05 24 10.59 -24 31 27.3     8.16     ~ 883 0
27 NGC 1978 GlC 05 28 45.330 -66 14 12.04   10.7 10.70     ~ 317 0
28 NGC 2173 GlC 05 57 58 -72 58.7   12.74 11.88     ~ 148 0
29 NGC 2210 GlC 06 11 31.296 -69 07 17.04   10.9 10.94     ~ 196 0
30 NGC 2257 Cl* 06 30 12.62 -64 19 40.0   13.24 12.62     ~ 228 0
31 NGC 2298 GlC 06 48 59.41 -36 00 19.1     8.89     ~ 547 0
32 NGC 2419 GlC 07 38 08.51 +38 52 54.9     10.05     ~ 998 0
33 NGC 2420 OpC 07 38 24.6 +21 34 26   9.0 8.3     ~ 523 0
34 Cl Berkeley 39 OpC 07 46 48.1 -04 39 59           ~ 209 1
35 NGC 2682 OpC 08 51 23.5 +11 48 54           ~ 2528 0
36 NGC 2808 GlC 09 12 03.10 -64 51 48.6           ~ 1540 0
37 NAME E 3 GlC 09 20 57.07 -77 16 54.8           ~ 185 0
38 NAME Sextans C GlC 10 05 30.96 +00 04 15.4   15.5 13.9     ~ 354 1
39 NGC 3201 GlC 10 17 36.82 -46 24 44.9           ~ 1001 0
40 NGC 4147 GlC 12 10 06.149 +18 32 31.78   11.45 10.74     ~ 616 0
41 NGC 4372 GlC 12 25 45.43 -72 39 32.7   10.86 9.85     ~ 327 0
42 Cl Collinder 261 OpC 12 38 04.7 -68 22 40     10.7     ~ 216 0
43 Cl Ruprecht 106 GlC 12 38 40.20 -51 09 01.0           ~ 413 0
44 M 68 GlC 12 39 27.98 -26 44 38.6     7.96     ~ 1069 0
45 Cl Trumpler 20 OpC 12 39 33.0 -60 38 10           ~ 138 0
46 NGC 4833 GlC 12 59 33.92 -70 52 35.4           ~ 467 0
47 M 53 GlC 13 12 55.25 +18 10 05.4     7.79     ~ 907 0
48 NGC 5053 GlC 13 16 27.09 +17 42 00.9     9.96     ~ 675 0
49 NGC 5139 GlC 13 26 47.28 -47 28 46.1           ~ 3677 0
50 M 3 GlC 13 42 11.62 +28 22 38.2     6.39     ~ 2593 0
51 NGC 5286 GlC 13 46 26.81 -51 22 27.3           ~ 485 0
52 NGC 5466 GlC 14 05 27.29 +28 32 04.0     9.70     ~ 887 0
53 NGC 5634 GlC 14 29 37.28 -05 58 35.1   10.69 10.05     ~ 333 0
54 NGC 5694 GlC 14 39 36.52 -26 32 18.0           ~ 323 0
55 NGC 5824 GlC 15 03 58.612 -33 04 06.70   10.28 9.56     ~ 441 0
56 Cl Pal 5 GlC 15 16 05.30 -00 06 41.0   15.1       ~ 797 1
57 NGC 5897 GlC 15 17 24.40 -21 00 36.4   10.16 8.52     ~ 424 0
58 M 5 GlC 15 18 33.22 +02 04 51.7     5.95     ~ 2095 0
59 NGC 5927 GlC 15 28 00.69 -50 40 22.9           ~ 499 0
60 NGC 5986 GlC 15 46 03.00 -37 47 11.1     6.92     ~ 408 0
61 Cl Trumpler 23 OpC 16 00 51.6 -53 32 20     11.2     ~ 63 0
62 GCl 38 GlC 16 10 59.00 +14 57 42.0           ~ 399 0
63 M 80 GlC 16 17 02.41 -22 58 33.9           ~ 780 0
64 M 4 GlC 16 23 35.22 -26 31 32.7           ~ 1978 0
65 NGC 6101 GlC 16 25 48.12 -72 12 07.9           ~ 337 0
66 NGC 6139 GlC 16 27 39.987 -38 50 57.03   11.03 9.68     ~ 231 0
67 M 107 GlC 16 32 31.86 -13 03 13.6           ~ 835 0
68 M 13 GlC 16 41 41.634 +36 27 40.75     5.8     ~ 2291 0
69 M 12 GlC 16 47 14.18 -01 56 54.7     6.07     ~ 736 0
70 M 10 GlC 16 57 09.05 -04 06 01.1     4.98     ~ 857 0
71 M 62 GlC 17 01 12.60 -30 06 44.5           ~ 668 0
72 M 19 GlC 17 02 37.69 -26 16 04.6   8.45 5.57     ~ 406 1
73 NGC 6304 GlC 17 14 32.25 -29 27 43.3           ~ 394 0
74 M 92 GlC 17 17 07.39 +43 08 09.4     6.52     ~ 2240 0
75 M 9 GlC 17 19 11.78 -18 30 58.5   9.36 8.42     ~ 348 0
76 NGC 6342 GlC 17 21 10.14 -19 35 14.7     10.01     ~ 310 0
77 NGC 6352 GlC 17 25 29.11 -48 25 19.8           ~ 425 0
78 NGC 6366 GlC 17 27 44.24 -05 04 47.5           ~ 344 0
79 ESO 455-11 GlC 17 31 05.20 -29 58 54.0           ~ 208 0
80 NGC 6362 GlC 17 31 54.99 -67 02 54.0           ~ 637 0
81 NGC 6388 GlC 17 36 17.461 -44 44 08.34           ~ 988 1
82 NGC 6397 GlC 17 40 42.09 -53 40 27.6     5.17     ~ 2103 0
83 ESO 520-21 GlC 17 43 42.20 -26 13 21.0           ~ 211 0
84 NGC 6426 GlC 17 44 54.71 +03 10 12.5           ~ 244 0
85 Cl Terzan 5 Cl* 17 48 05.00 -24 46 48.0           ~ 948 1
86 NGC 6440 GlC 17 48 52.67 -20 21 34.5           ~ 592 0
87 NGC 6441 GlC 17 50 13.06 -37 03 05.2           ~ 940 0
88 NGC 6496 GlC 17 59 03.68 -44 15 57.4   9.96       ~ 251 0
89 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-2334 * 18 03 28.7578690680 -00 17 44.062688292     17.022   15.591 ~ 2 0
90 NGC 6522 GlC 18 03 34.08 -30 02 02.3           ~ 569 0
91 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-2369 * 18 03 37.9902526608 -00 16 08.849785728     17.197 15.93 15.814 ~ 3 0
92 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-2416 * 18 03 38.1367895712 -00 15 26.766015012     15.927 15.55 14.530 ~ 2 0
93 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-2320 * 18 03 40.3445857656 -00 18 10.986076980     16.631   15.176 ~ 2 0
94 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-2304 * 18 03 40.9681703424 -00 18 48.380172768     17.649   16.343 ~ 3 0
95 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-2326 * 18 03 41.2134575664 -00 18 03.122693784     16.989   15.469 ~ 2 0
96 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-2273 * 18 03 43.1124810024 -00 16 22.669944600     16.770   15.457 ~ 2 0
97 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-659 * 18 03 43.4801907984 -00 20 34.803026016     16.359 16.11 14.960 ~ 3 0
98 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-819 * 18 03 44.0439955920 -00 19 55.387028784     17.216   15.767 ~ 2 0
99 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-24 * 18 03 44.0922846768 -00 18 31.100323824     17.453   16.150 ~ 3 0
100 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-1155 * 18 03 44.6335077480 -00 18 03.781099908     17.671   16.385 ~ 2 0
101 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-803 * 18 03 45.3793054392 -00 20 13.066022400     19.095   17.835 ~ 2 0
102 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 2-10 * 18 03 46.200 -00 18 49.69     16.942   15.572 ~ 2 0
103 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 2-3 * 18 03 46.5091062768 -00 18 05.474909916     15.676 15.51 14.332 ~ 2 0
104 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-1208 * 18 03 46.6861745928 -00 16 30.879220692     17.172   15.817 ~ 2 0
105 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 2-1 LP? 18 03 47.4128128104 -00 18 23.481498600   14.70 12.84 12.41 10.870 ~ 3 0
106 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 2-2 * 18 03 47.7162591288 -00 18 05.992129188     15.416 15.21 14.006 ~ 2 0
107 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 3-3 * 18 03 47.7345158736 -00 17 23.507318472     14.884 14.59 13.439 ~ 2 0
108 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 2-14 * 18 03 48.0462637104 -00 18 36.637657128     17.718   16.380 ~ 2 0
109 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-666 * 18 03 48.6192488376 -00 20 26.720189340     17.713   16.370 ~ 2 0
110 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 3-12 * 18 03 48.9541279944 -00 17 33.199259352     17.195   15.865 ~ 2 0
111 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 4-11 * 18 03 49.0399043472 -00 17 16.089451728     16.780   15.437 ~ 3 0
112 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 4-1 * 18 03 49.3257870264 -00 17 05.954954388   15.04 13.67 13.14 11.797 ~ 2 0
113 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 1-12 * 18 03 49.6097652696 -00 17 50.615541528     16.443 15.97 15.047 ~ 2 0
114 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-395 * 18 03 49.840 -00 15 41.79     17.183   15.743 ~ 2 0
115 NGC 6535 GlC 18 03 50.51 -00 17 51.5     9.85     ~ 320 0
116 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 1-17 * 18 03 50.583 -00 17 53.88     17.032 15.24 15.672 ~ 3 0
117 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 4-7 * 18 03 50.8274943360 -00 17 01.541333832     16.037 15.70 14.702 ~ 2 0
118 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-1601 * 18 03 51.0794533392 -00 14 39.731355600     16.097   14.680 ~ 3 0
119 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 1-19 * 18 03 51.391 -00 17 46.72     17.236   15.864 ~ 2 0
120 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 1-3 * 18 03 51.987 -00 17 56.58     15.450 14.81 14.106 ~ 3 0
121 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 4-3 * 18 03 52.2324076368 -00 16 33.038370876   16.15 15.09 14.60 13.730 ~ 2 0
122 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-1217 * 18 03 52.236 -00 18 12.99     16.046 15.79 14.668 ~ 3 0
123 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-647 * 18 03 52.8530195904 -00 20 45.496722516     16.184   14.910 ~ 2 0
124 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 4-9 * 18 03 53.1499109352 -00 17 10.169453292   17.15 16.373 15.81 15.073 ~ 2 0
125 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-1182 * 18 03 53.1714105864 -00 18 24.770502036     15.732 15.41 14.306 ~ 2 0
126 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-157 * 18 03 54.441 -00 16 44.99     16.285 15.97 14.920 ~ 3 0
127 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-121 * 18 03 54.6425950992 -00 17 02.627825280     17.343   15.879 ~ 2 0
128 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-152 * 18 03 54.7591548960 -00 16 06.208794084     16.873   15.428 ~ 2 0
129 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-102 * 18 03 54.8954081184 -00 18 16.171923024     16.531 15.30 15.173 ~ 2 0
130 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-1588 * 18 03 55.4988343872 -00 15 02.201318352     15.301   13.857 ~ 2 0
131 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-1518 * 18 03 55.7819010096 -00 14 15.266495076     17.215   15.760 ~ 2 0
132 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-62 * 18 03 57.4131471816 -00 17 43.230084684     17.201   15.900 ~ 3 0
133 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-2006 * 18 03 58.370 -00 14 40.61     14.194   12.539 ~ 2 0
134 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-99 * 18 03 58.3765126680 -00 18 31.658333796     15.463   13.900 ~ 2 0
135 Cl* NGC 6535 TCA 5-2048 * 18 04 00.9542605248 -00 18 33.457539492     16.265   14.944 ~ 2 0
136 NGC 6528 GlC 18 04 49.61 -30 03 20.8   12.12 10.65     ~ 561 0
137 NGC 6541 GlC 18 08 02.36 -43 42 53.6           ~ 409 0
138 NGC 6553 GlC 18 09 15.68 -25 54 27.9   9.08       ~ 644 0
139 NGC 6584 GlC 18 18 37.60 -52 12 56.8     8.17     ~ 317 0
140 NGC 6624 GlC 18 23 40.51 -30 21 39.7           ~ 939 1
141 M 28 GlC 18 24 32.89 -24 52 11.4           ~ 821 0
142 M 69 GlC 18 31 23.10 -32 20 53.1           ~ 492 0
143 NGC 6652 GlC 18 35 45.63 -32 59 26.6           ~ 474 0
144 M 22 GlC 18 36 23.94 -23 54 17.1           ~ 1459 0
145 M 70 GlC 18 43 12.76 -32 17 31.6           ~ 421 0
146 NGC 6705 OpC 18 51 03.7 -06 16 18   6.32 5.8     ~ 442 0
147 NGC 6712 GlC 18 53 04.32 -08 42 21.5           ~ 550 0
148 M 54 GlC 18 55 03.33 -30 28 47.5           ~ 1164 0
149 NGC 6717 GlC 18 55 06.04 -22 42 05.3           ~ 273 0
150 NAME SDG G 18 55 19.0 -30 32 43   4.5 3.6     ~ 2438 2
151 NGC 6723 GlC 18 59 33.15 -36 37 56.1           ~ 543 0
152 Cl Berkeley 81 OpC 19 01 39.4 -00 27 10           ~ 93 0
153 NGC 6752 GlC 19 10 52.11 -59 59 04.4           ~ 2121 0
154 M 56 GlC 19 16 35.57 +30 11 00.5           ~ 455 0
155 Cl Terzan 7 GlC 19 17 43.92 -34 39 27.8           ~ 460 0
156 NGC 6791 OpC 19 20 52.8 +37 46 40   10.52 9.5     ~ 1120 0
157 NGC 6802 OpC 19 30 36.3 +20 15 42   10.07 8.8     ~ 115 0
158 M 55 GlC 19 39 59.71 -30 57 53.1     6.49     ~ 913 0
159 Cl Terzan 8 GlC 19 41 44.41 -33 59 58.1     11.54     ~ 357 0
160 M 71 GlC 19 53 46.49 +18 46 45.1           ~ 1190 0
161 M 75 GlC 20 06 04.841 -21 55 20.14     8.26     ~ 394 0
162 NGC 6934 GlC 20 34 11.37 +07 24 16.1           ~ 459 0
163 M 72 GlC 20 53 27.70 -12 32 14.3     8.96     ~ 465 0
164 NGC 7006 GlC 21 01 29.465 +16 11 16.49     10.46     ~ 562 0
165 M 15 GlC 21 29 58.33 +12 10 01.2           ~ 3274 0
166 M 2 GlC 21 33 27.02 -00 49 23.7     6.25     ~ 1114 1
167 M 30 GlC 21 40 22.12 -23 10 47.5     7.10     ~ 1121 0
168 Cl Pal 12 GlC 21 46 38.84 -21 15 09.4     11.89     ~ 548 0
169 NGC 7492 GlC 23 08 26.68 -15 36 41.3     10.48     ~ 330 0
170 NGC 7789 OpC 23 57 19.4 +56 43 28   7.68 6.7     ~ 575 0

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