2017MNRAS.471.3494Z

Query : 2017MNRAS.471.3494Z

2017MNRAS.471.3494Z - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 471, 3494-3528 (2017/November-1)

The gas-to-extinction ratio and the gas distribution in the Galaxy.

ZHU H., TIAN W., LI A. and ZHANG M.

Abstract (from CDS):

We investigate the relation between the optical extinction (AV) and the hydrogen column density (NH) determined from X-ray observations of a large sample of Galactic sightlines towards 35 supernova remnants, 6 planetary nebulae and 70 X-ray binaries for which NH was determined in the literature with solar abundances. We derive an average ratio of <NH/AV> = (2.08 ± 0.02) x 1021 H cm–2 mag–1 for the whole Galaxy. We find no correlation between <NH/AV> and the number density of hydrogen, the distance away from the Galactic Centre and the distance above or below the Galactic plane. The <NH/AV> ratio is generally invariant across the Galaxy, with <NH/AV> = (2.04 ± 0.05) x 1021 H cm–2 mag–1 for the first and fourth Galactic quadrants and <NH/AV> = (2.09 ± 0.03) x 1021 H cm–2 mag–1 for the second and third Galactic quadrants. We also explore the distribution of hydrogen in the Galaxy by enlarging our sample with additional 74 supernova remnants for which both NH and distances are known. We find that, between the Galactic radius of 2 and 10 kpc, the vertical distribution of hydrogen can be roughly described by a Gaussian function with a scaleheight of h = 75.5 ± 12.4 pc and a mid-plane density of nH(0) = 1.11 ± 0.15 cm–3, corresponding to a total gas surface density of ∑gas ∼ 7.0 M☉ pc–2. We also compile NH from 19 supernova remnants and 29 X-ray binaries for which NH was determined with subsolar abundances. We obtain <NH/AV> = (2.47 ± 0.04) x 1021 H cm–2 mag–1 which exceeds that derived with solar abundances by ∼20 per cent. We suggest that in future studies one may simply scale NH derived from subsolar abundances by a factor of ∼1.2 when converting to NH of solar abundances.

Abstract Copyright: © 2017 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society

Journal keyword(s): dust, extinction - planetary nebulae: general - ISM: supernova remnants - X-rays: binaries - X-rays: binaries

Status at CDS : Large table(s) of objects being ingested in VizieR.

CDS comments: SNR G132.7+3.1 is a misprint for SNR G132.7+1.3.

Simbad objects: 195

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Number of rows : 195
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 SNR G119.5+10.2 SNR 00 06.6 +72 47           ~ 268 1
2 SN 1572A SN* 00 25 21.5 +64 08 27           B8 1254 1
3 V* V635 Cas HXB 01 18 31.9704955824 +63 44 33.072603144 17.05 16.64 15.19 14.34 13.22 B0.2Ve 791 0
4 EM* GGA 104 HXB 01 47 00.2124077208 +61 21 23.663788056 11.76 12.09 11.366 11.00 10.52 B1IIIe 205 0
5 SNR G130.7+03.1 SNR 02 05 35.73 +64 49 41.3           ~ 661 4
6 SNR G132.6+01.5 SNR 02 17 40 +62 45.0           ~ 193 0
7 LS I +61 303 HXB 02 40 31.6644419688 +61 13 45.593918580 11.27 11.61 10.75 10.19 9.55 B0Ve 903 2
8 V* BQ Cam HXB 03 34 59.9116110096 +53 10 23.296879776   17.16 15.42 14.26 13.04 O8.5Ve 525 1
9 V* X Per HXB 03 55 23.0777456088 +31 02 45.039836148 6.090 6.840 6.720     O9.5III 1037 0
10 PSR B0355+54 Psr 03 58 53.7165 +54 13 13.727           ~ 465 1
11 V* V518 Per HXB 04 21 42.7227473352 +32 54 26.939156184           M4.5V 670 0
12 LS V +44 17 HXB 04 40 59.3296237272 +44 31 49.258049376 11.02 11.42 10.73 10.28 9.76 B0.2Ve 176 0
13 SNR G156.2+05.7 SNR 04 58 40 +51 50.0           ~ 126 0
14 SNR G166.0+04.3 SNR 05 26 30.000 +42 56 00.00           ~ 196 0
15 M 1 SNR 05 34 31.8 +22 01 03           ~ 6516 1
16 HD 245770 HXB 05 38 54.5748918624 +26 18 56.836952784 9.30 9.84 9.39 8.77 8.30 O9/B0III/Ve 1045 0
17 SNR G180.0-01.7 SNR 05 39 00.000 +27 50 00.00           ~ 294 2
18 IC 443 SNR 06 17 00.0000000 +22 34 11.998901           ~ 1314 1
19 V* V1055 Ori LXB 06 17 07.3565603963 +09 08 13.515857360   18.80 18.5     ~ 594 1
20 1A 0620-00 HXB 06 22 44.5423857312 -00 20 44.290460544           K3V-K7V 1144 0
21 HD 259440 HXB 06 32 59.2566076656 +05 48 01.160755848 9.17 9.63 9.15     B0pe 256 0
22 PSR J0633+1746 Psr 06 33 54.153 +17 46 12.91           ~ 1308 0
23 NAME MONOGEM SNR SNR 06 58 50 +13 55.9           ~ 124 0
24 NGC 2392 PN 07 29 10.7671398096 +20 54 42.474888072     9.68     O6f 740 2
25 V* UY Vol LXB 07 48 33.71 -67 45 07.7 16.10 17.00 16.9 16.7 17.05 ~ 660 0
26 V* V572 Pup HXB 08 12 28.3575205680 -31 14 52.138451400 12.14 13.03 12.74 12.44   B0.2IVe 76 0
27 NAME Pup A SNR 08 24 07 -42 59.8           ~ 636 1
28 NAME Vela SNR 08 34.0 -45 50           ~ 1331 2
29 2MASS J08355545-4311081 HXB 08 35 55.4597566608 -43 11 08.193290244     20.4     B0-2III-Ve 111 0
30 NAME Vela Jr SN SNR 08 52.0 -46 20           ~ 507 2
31 SNR G272.2-03.2 SNR 09 06 50 -52 07.0           SNIa 78 0
32 4U 0919-54 LXB 09 20 26.4818170056 -55 12 24.512806404 20.40 21.30 21.0     ~ 175 0
33 V* V395 Car LXB 09 22 34.6761959832 -63 17 41.355773520 15.40 16.104 15.455     K0III 143 0
34 GRO J1008-571 HXB 10 09 46.9642314696 -58 17 35.603851848       14.63   B0e 269 0
35 V* MM Vel HXB 10 13 36.3431303106 -45 04 31.128938218           G5V-M0V 211 1
36 SNR G284.3-01.8 SNR 10 18.3 -59 00           ~ 123 2
37 PSR J1023-5746 Psr 10 23 02.84 -57 46 06.9           ~ 70 0
38 LS 1698 HXB 10 37 35.3145142200 -56 47 55.869594756   12.00 11.48 11.38   B0III-Ve 120 0
39 PSR B1046-58 Psr 10 48 13.10000 -58 32 03.0000           ~ 293 0
40 NAME MSH 11-61A SNR 10 59 25.36 -61 18 42.6           ~ 187 0
41 SNR G291.0-00.1 SNR 11 11 54 -60 38.0           ~ 104 0
42 SNR G292.2-00.5 SNR 11 19.3 -61 28           ~ 98 1
43 WRAY 15-793 HXB 11 20 57.1736884968 -61 55 00.166078020 12.81 13.06 12.12     O9.5III/Ve 222 0
44 V* V779 Cen HXB 11 21 15.0920532528 -60 37 25.630264596   14.4 12.27     O9III/Veq 1159 0
45 HD 306414 HXB 11 21 46.8238550520 -59 51 47.970396396 10.12 10.69 10.23 10.00   B1Ia 162 0
46 SNR G292.0+01.8 SNR 11 24 59 -59 19.1           ~ 351 1
47 V* GU Mus HXB 11 26 26.5961559600 -68 40 32.877752952           K3V-K7V 734 1
48 SNR G296.1-00.5 SNR 11 51 10 -62 34.0           ~ 57 0
49 SNR G296.7-00.9 SNR 11 54 51.0 -63 08 54           ~ 21 0
50 SNR G296.8-00.3 SNR 11 58 30 -62 35.0           ~ 64 0
51 SNR G295.5+09.7 SNR 12 09 40 -52 25.0           ~ 301 1
52 SNR G299.2-02.9 SNR 12 15 13 -65 30.0           ~ 58 0
53 V* GR Mus LXB 12 57 37.1833002949 -69 17 18.996899563   19.40 19.1     ~ 275 0
54 V* V850 Cen HXB 13 01 17.0968941216 -61 36 06.637549788   15.6 14.40     B2Vne 361 0
55 CPD-63 2495 HXB 13 02 47.6544015048 -63 50 08.626970292 10.34 10.72 9.98 10.03   O9.5Ve 852 0
56 PSR J1301-6305 Psr 13 02 47.9992676 -63 10 48.001099           ~ 139 2
57 SNR G304.6+00.1 SNR 13 05 59 -62 42.0           ~ 93 0
58 SNR G306.3-00.9 SNR 13 21 50.9 -63 33 50           ~ 28 0
59 SNR G308.3-01.4 SNR 13 41 30 -63 44.0           ~ 22 0
60 SNR G309.2-00.6 SNR 13 46.5 -62 54           ~ 78 0
61 PSR J1357-6429 Psr 13 57 02.525 -64 29 29.89           ~ 171 1
62 SNR G310.6-01.6 SNR 14 00 45.69 -63 25 42.6           ~ 45 1
63 SNR G311.5-00.3 SNR 14 05.6 -61 58           ~ 60 1
64 AX J1418.7-6058 X 14 18 38.6 -60 57 49           ~ 55 0
65 GAL 313.6+00.3 Rad 14 20 -60.7           ~ 9 0
66 SNR G315.0-02.3 SNR 14 43 00 -62 30.0           ~ 376 1
67 V* V822 Cen LXB 14 58 21.9347842080 -31 40 07.515432768 11.95 12.85 12.8     K3-K7V 555 0
68 NAME Lupus SN SNR 15 02 22.1 -42 05 49           ~ 1407 1
69 3A 1510-590 Psr 15 13 17.000 -59 04 54.00           ~ 434 3
70 V* BR Cir HXB 15 20 40.8532547060 -57 10 00.206639033   21.4 21.4     B5-A0I 849 1
71 V* QV Nor HXB 15 42 23.3633146128 -52 23 09.577395960   16.3 14.5     B0.2Ia 455 1
72 V* IL Lup HXB 15 47 08.2768672752 -47 40 10.284587760         15.624 ~ 532 1
73 V* QU TrA LXB 15 47 53.6 -62 34 11           ~ 168 0
74 SNR G327.4+00.4 SNR 15 48 20 -53 49.0           ~ 97 0
75 V* V381 Nor HXB 15 50 58.6637920704 -56 28 35.258385000           K3III 1254 0
76 Kes 25 SNR 15 53 00.000 -56 10 00.00           ~ 136 0
77 SNR G327.1-01.1 SNR 15 54 32.3 -55 03 44           ~ 112 1
78 SNR G330.2+01.0 SNR 16 01.1 -51 34           ~ 93 1
79 V* QX Nor LXB 16 12 43.0 -52 25 26           ~ 946 1
80 PN Mz 3 PN 16 17 13.3915382496 -51 59 10.711893480   10.8 14.00     O9.5 359 0
81 AJG 44 Psr 16 17 33.000 -51 02 00.00           ~ 552 3
82 SNR G337.2+00.1 SNR 16 35 56.0 -47 19 54           ~ 28 1
83 SNR G337.8-00.1 SNR 16 39.0 -46 59           ~ 83 0
84 SNR G337.2-00.7 SNR 16 39 15.0 -47 48 27           ~ 68 1
85 SNR G338.3-00.0 SNR 16 40 43.2 -46 31 48           ~ 175 2
86 V* V801 Ara LXB 16 40 55.5976953528 -53 45 04.948107156 17.50 18.20 17.5   17.07 ~ 921 0
87 SNR G332.5-05.6 SNR 16 43.3 -54 30           ~ 32 0
88 V* V1033 Sco HXB 16 54 00.1423963019 -39 50 44.761701340       16.14   F3-6IV 1980 0
89 MXB 1658-298 LXB 17 02 06.54 -29 56 44.1 18.35 18.75 18.3     ~ 381 0
90 V* V821 Ara LXB 17 02 49.3876391280 -48 47 23.087954544         15.322 ~ 2237 0
91 SNR G344.7-00.1 SNR 17 03 49 -41 42.5           ~ 97 0
92 SNR G343.1-02.3 SNR 17 08.0 -44 16           ~ 82 1
93 SNR G346.6-00.2 SNR 17 10.3 -40 11           ~ 99 0
94 SNR G347.3-00.5 SNR 17 12 27 -39 41.2     12.27     ~ 761 1
95 SNR G348.7+00.3 SNR 17 13 43.0 -38 10 12           ~ 134 2
96 SNR G348.5+00.1 SNR 17 14 31.780 -38 28 34.50           ~ 233 3
97 SNR G349.7+00.2 SNR 17 18 10.160 -37 18 53.80           ~ 196 0
98 V* V2293 Oph LXB 17 19 36.9201835128 -25 01 04.121601456   17.55 16.65     ~ 208 0
99 V* V1228 Sco LXB 17 19 58.990 -31 45 01.11           ~ 122 1
100 SNR G350.1-00.3 SNR 17 21 06 -37 26.9     13.60     ~ 84 0
101 4U 1722-30 LXB 17 27 33.25 -30 48 07.4     12.50     ~ 278 1
102 SNR G352.7-00.1 SNR 17 27 43 -35 06.5           ~ 79 1
103 NAME Kepler's SN SNR 17 30 40.51 -21 29 14.4           ~ 851 3
104 V* V2216 Oph LXB 17 31 44.17 -16 57 40.9 16.40 17.10 16.8     ~ 329 1
105 SNR G353.6-00.7 SNR 17 31 55.0 -34 42 36           ~ 172 0
106 NAME Slow Burster LXB 17 31 58.0 -33 49 58     15.50     ~ 865 1
107 NAME Rapid Burster LXB 17 33 24.0 -33 23 19           ~ 429 2
108 SNR G355.6+00.0 SNR 17 35 18 -32 37.0           ~ 29 0
109 NAME Tornado Nebula SNR 17 40 16.360 -30 58 18.87           ~ 148 0
110 SNR G359.1-00.5 SNR 17 45 30 -29 57.0           ~ 179 1
111 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 16269 0
112 SNR G359.0-00.9 Rad 17 46 50 -30 16.0           ~ 54 1
113 NAME TER 5 X-1 LXB 17 48 05.225 -24 46 47.66           ~ 229 1
114 SNR G001.0-00.1 SNR 17 48.5 -28 09           ~ 29 0
115 SNR G001.9+00.3 SNR 17 48 46.02 -27 09 52.0           ~ 243 1
116 [PLV2002] CX1 LXB 17 48 52.163 -20 21 32.40           ~ 213 1
117 NGC 6440 GlC 17 48 52.67 -20 21 34.5           ~ 592 0
118 4U 1746-371 LXB 17 50 12.66 -37 03 08.2     8.43     ~ 206 1
119 2MAXI J1753-013 LXB 17 53 28.2898766424 -01 27 06.256555272 15.30 16.73 16.46 16.15 15.64 ~ 384 0
120 IGR J17544-2619 HXB 17 54 25.2722906112 -26 19 52.576928292   14.71 12.94 12.10 10.38 O9Ib 207 0
121 SNR G006.4-00.1 SNR 18 00 31.2011719 -23 25 48.001099           ~ 782 1
122 NAME Milne 56 SNR 18 02 10.000 -24 54 00.00           ~ 182 3
123 W 30 SNR 18 05 31.2011719 -21 25 48.001099           ~ 188 1
124 SAX J1808.4-3658 LXB 18 08 27.58 -36 58 43.9           ~ 1051 0
125 SNR G011.2-00.3 SNR 18 11 28.9 -19 25 29           ~ 305 1
126 CORNISH G011.9446-00.0369 Y*O 18 11 53.21 -18 36 19.1           ~ 67 4
127 SNR G012.8-00.0 SNR 18 13.6 -17 49           ~ 68 0
128 SNR G015.9+00.2 SNR 18 18 52 -15 02.0           ~ 105 0
129 V* V4641 Sgr HXB 18 19 21.6343259256 -25 24 25.849595952     13.654 13.479 13.139 B9III 530 0
130 SNR G013.3-01.3 SNR 18 19 34 -18 00.0           ~ 25 0
131 SNR G016.7+00.8 SNR 18 20 57.0 -14 19 35           ~ 68 2
132 PN K 1-16 PN 18 21 52.1086837968 +64 21 53.406292104   14.44 14.96 15.26   PG1159 258 0
133 NGC 6624 GlC 18 23 40.51 -30 21 39.7           ~ 939 1
134 X Sgr X-4 LXB 18 23 40.57 -30 21 40.6   19.06 18.81     ~ 1056 1
135 V* V691 CrA LXB 18 25 46.8185061768 -37 06 18.529336656 14.30 15.20 15.1     ~ 461 0
136 V* V479 Sct HXB 18 26 15.0561548880 -14 50 54.247274304 12.02 12.23 11.27 11.04   ON6V((f))z 613 2
137 V* V4634 Sgr LXB 18 29 28.8 -23 47 48 18.90 19.40 19     ~ 399 0
138 SNR G018.9-01.1 SNR 18 29.8 -12 58           ~ 65 0
139 SNR G021.8-00.6 SNR 18 32 45 -10 08.0           ~ 137 0
140 SNR G021.5-00.9 SNR 18 33 33.612 -10 34 07.69           ~ 490 1
141 Cl* NGC 6652 SAW V10 LXB 18 35 43.9 -32 59 18     18.9     ~ 104 0
142 SNR G028.8+01.5 SNR 18 39 00.000 -03 00 00.00           ~ 36 1
143 V* MM Ser LXB 18 39 57.8 +05 02 13   19.2 19.2     ~ 378 0
144 SNR G027.3+00.0 SNR 18 41 17.8 -04 56 12           ~ 345 3
145 SNR G028.6-00.1 SNR 18 43 55 -03 53.0           ~ 64 1
146 IGR J18450-0435 HXB 18 45 01.5900617304 -04 33 56.643032844   16.278 14.115 13.467 11.42 O9.5I 97 0
147 Ginga 1843+009 HXB 18 45 36.8356591776 +00 51 47.437790184     20.6   16.616 B0-2IV-Ve 117 0
148 SNR G029.7-00.3 SNR 18 46 22.8 -02 59 47           ~ 375 2
149 SNR G031.9+00.0 SNR 18 49 16.3 -00 55 01           ~ 368 2
150 SNR G032.5+00.1 SNR 18 50 05.000 -00 25 00.00           ~ 56 1
151 SNR G032.8-00.1 SNR 18 51 46.9 -00 03 19           ~ 110 2
152 SNR G033.6+00.1 SNR 18 52 29.000 +00 38 42.00           ~ 302 2
153 4U 1850-086 LXB 18 53 04.89 -08 42 19.7 20.40 21.20 21.0     ~ 266 1
154 SNR G034.6-00.5 SNR 18 56 10.650 +01 13 21.30           ~ 1034 2
155 V* V406 Vul HXB 18 58 41.49127200 +22 39 29.7746640           G5V-K0V 409 0
156 SNR G041.1-00.3 SNR 19 07 22.6 +07 10 44           ~ 252 2
157 W 49b SNR 19 11 09.5 +09 06 21           ~ 500 1
158 X Aql X-1 LXB 19 11 16.0571313336 +00 35 05.868232692           ~ 1186 1
159 SNR G039.7-02.0 SNR 19 12 20 +04 55.0           ~ 378 1
160 V* V1405 Aql LXB 19 18 47.6 -05 14 18 20.90 21.40 21.0     ~ 495 0
161 W 51 SNR 19 23 50 +14 06.0           ~ 1352 1
162 SNR G054.1+00.3 SNR 19 30 10.6 +18 50 22           ~ 271 1
163 HD 184738 PN 19 34 45.2337620448 +30 30 58.950651240   10.41 10.44     [WC9] 976 0
164 SNR G053.6-02.2 SNR 19 38.8 +17 14           ~ 152 0
165 XTE J1946+274 HXB 19 45 39.3568693200 +27 21 55.501637040   18.76 16.92 15.62 14.38 B0-1IV-Ve 138 0
166 KS 1947+300 HXB 19 49 35.4841147968 +30 12 31.775979852   15.16 14.22 13.53 12.88 B0Ve 194 0
167 SNR G065.7+01.2 SNR 19 52 13.70 +29 25 08.0           ~ 106 0
168 SNR G068.8+02.6 SNR 19 52 55 +32 54.2           ~ 361 1
169 SNR G067.7+01.8 SNR 19 54.5 +31 29           ~ 39 0
170 HD 226868 HXB 19 58 21.6757355952 +35 12 05.784512688 9.38 9.72 8.91 8.42   O9.7Iabpvar 4590 0
171 V* V1408 Aql LXB 19 59 24.0074252040 +11 42 29.859773292 18.40 18.97 18.95 18.70 18.66 ~ 234 0
172 IGR J20006+3210 HXB 20 00 21.8553522144 +32 11 23.130396528     13.20 15.680   BIII/V 39 0
173 SNR G082.2+05.3 SNR 20 19.0 +45 30           ~ 101 0
174 NAME gam Cyg SNR SNR 20 20 17.100 +40 26 09.00           ~ 247 2
175 SNR G076.9+01.0 SNR 20 22 20.000 +38 43 00.00           ~ 64 0
176 V* V404 Cyg HXB 20 24 03.8247037434 +33 52 01.961154861           G9/K0III/V 1370 0
177 V* V2246 Cyg HXB 20 32 15.2749858128 +37 38 14.843024844   22.16 19.41 17.32 15.18 B0Ve 480 0
178 SNR G089.0+04.7 SNR 20 45.0 +50 35           ~ 237 0
179 SNR G085.4+00.7 SNR 20 50.7 +45 22           ~ 33 0
180 NAME Cyg Loop SNR 20 51.0 +30 40           ~ 964 0
181 SNR G085.9-00.6 SNR 20 58.7 +44 53           ~ 32 0
182 GRO J2058+42 HXB 20 58 47.5371521256 +41 46 37.180486128   15.97 14.74 14.74 13.35 O9.5-B0IV-Ve 95 0
183 SAX J2103.5+4545 HXB 21 03 35.7100848936 +45 45 05.568751692   15.34 14.20 13.991 12.75 B0Ve 197 0
184 NGC 7009 PN 21 04 10.8155187648 -11 21 48.580157556   12.48 12.07     ~ 1020 1
185 NGC 7027 PN 21 07 01.571952 +42 14 10.47120   10.358 8.831 10.157   ~ 2541 1
186 V* LZ Aqr LXB 21 23 14.54 -05 47 52.9 15.90 16.78 16.8     ~ 154 0
187 V* V1727 Cyg LXB 21 31 26.2133156448 +47 17 24.512055396 16.75 17.05 16.4     ~ 250 0
188 IGR J21347+4737 HXB 21 34 20.3718881736 +47 38 00.205959228   14.699 14.217 13.80 13.42 B3V 38 0
189 V* V490 Cep HXB 21 39 30.6903047304 +56 59 10.421969280   15.407 14.441 14.119   B1-B2Ve 186 0
190 V* V1341 Cyg LXB 21 44 41.1544345272 +38 19 17.066570988 15.00 15.13 14.68 15.00   A9III 1229 1
191 1RXS J225352.8+624354 HXB 22 53 55.1257181040 +62 43 36.791646492 17.64 17.38 15.61 13.3 13.29 BIII 35 0
192 SNR G109.1-01.0 SNR 23 01 35 +58 53.0           ~ 362 0
193 NAME Cas A SNR 23 23 26.0 +58 48 41     14.30     ~ 3033 1
194 CTB 1 SNR 23 59 13 +62 26.2           ~ 173 0
195 NAME Galactic Bulge reg ~ ~           ~ 4794 0

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