2017MNRAS.471.4648V

Query : 2017MNRAS.471.4648V

2017MNRAS.471.4648V - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 471, 4648-4661 (2017/November-2)

The evolution of Galactic planetary nebula progenitors through the comparison of their nebular abundances with AGB yields.

VENTURA P., STANGHELLINI L., DELL'AGLI F. and GARCIA-HERNANDEZ D.A.

Abstract (from CDS):

We study the chemical abundances of a wide sample of 142 Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe) with good-quality observations, for which the abundances have been derived more or less homogeneously, thus allowing a reasonable comparison with stellar models. The goal is the determination of mass, chemical composition and formation epoch of their progenitors through comparison of the data with results from asymptotic giant branch (AGB) evolution. The dust properties of PNe, when available, were also used to further support our interpretation. We find that the majority (∼60 per cent) of the Galactic PNstudies have nearly solar chemical composition, while ∼40 per cent of the sources investigated have subsolar metallicities. About half of the PNe have carbon star progenitors, in the 1.5 M☉ < M < 3 M☉ mass range, which have formed between 300 Myr and 2 Gyr ago. The remaining PNe are almost equally distributed among PNe enriched in nitrogen, which we interpret as the progeny of M > 3.5 M☉ stars, younger than 250 Myr, and a group of oxygen-rich PNe, descending from old (>2 Gyr) low-mass (M < 1.5 M☉) stars that never became C-stars. This analysis confirms the existence of an upper limit to the amount of carbon that can be accumulated at the surface of carbon stars, probably due to the acceleration of mass-loss in the late AGB phases. The chemical composition of the present sample suggests that in massive AGB stars of solar (or slightly subsolar) metallicity, the effects of third dredge-up combine with hot bottom burning, resulting in nitrogen-rich - but not severely carbon depleted - gaseous material to be ejected.

Abstract Copyright: © 2017 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society

Journal keyword(s): stars: abundances - stars: AGB and post-AGB - stars: carbon - stars: carbon

CDS comments: Table 3: Cn 2-2 is a misprint for Cn 2-1.

Simbad objects: 148

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Number of rows : 148
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 LS I +67 10 * 00 02 19.8774123312 +67 34 24.251218644 12.35 12.14 11.03     B1: 17 0
2 PN BoBn 1 PN 00 37 16.03 -13 42 58.6   16       ~ 135 1
3 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 12317 1
4 M 76 PN 01 42 19.6557728208 +51 34 31.534970052     17.48   17.69 DOZ 385 2
5 NAME Magellanic Clouds GrG 03 00 -71.0           ~ 7988 0
6 IC 2003 PN 03 56 21.9884187048 +33 52 30.759977028   13.11 11.87 13.44   [WC3?] 261 0
7 NGC 1535 PN 04 14 15.7689913368 -12 44 21.932484324   12.01 12.82     sdO3: 518 1
8 PN MaC 2-1 PN 05 03 41.8528461912 -06 10 03.027145764     14.4     ~ 46 0
9 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
10 IC 418 PN 05 27 28.2059533560 -12 41 50.282287764   9.405 9.010 10.118   O7fp 1059 2
11 PN M 1-5 PN 05 46 50.0119955400 +24 22 02.848049436           ~ 123 1
12 IC 2165 PN 06 21 42.7847803566 -12 59 14.040997076   12.146 10.782 12.305   ~ 385 0
13 PN VV 28 PN 06 25 57.2710426104 +17 47 27.136548168     12.5     [WC] 298 0
14 PN M 1-12 PN 07 19 21.4685188440 -21 43 55.402228344     14.08     WC10-11 125 0
15 NGC 2371 PN 07 25 34.6883929008 +29 29 26.430252072   14.48 13.5     Oe 384 0
16 NGC 2392 PN 07 29 10.7671398096 +20 54 42.474888072     9.68     O6f 740 2
17 NGC 2438 PN 07 41 50.5194253896 -14 44 07.470144744           ~ 291 3
18 NGC 2440 PN 07 41 55.34603 -18 12 30.4117   11.469 10.104     ~ 665 2
19 WRAY 16-8 PN 07 47 20.0414144496 -51 15 03.432601872   11.9 12.80     Of(H) 119 0
20 NGC 2452 PN 07 47 26.2649505144 -27 20 06.819982188   17.9 12.20     [WO1] 263 0
21 PN PB 2 PN 08 20 40.1874636648 -46 22 58.508819832     13.60     wels? 62 0
22 IC 2448 PN 09 07 06.3191779848 -69 56 30.692677668   11.1 11.10     O(H)3III-V 237 0
23 NGC 2792 PN 09 12 26.561 -42 25 38.92     11.8     ~ 181 0
24 WRAY 15-344 PN 09 13 52.85 -55 28 17.2     13.70     ~ 58 0
25 PN My 47 PN 09 19 27.50 -59 12 00.3   12.7 12.40     ~ 70 0
26 NGC 2867 PN 09 21 25.3832468160 -58 18 40.626683604   12.0 10.30     [WO2] 313 0
27 WRAY 16-66 PN 10 07 23.6183570256 -63 54 30.063363120     13.80     ~ 56 0
28 NGC 3195 PN 10 09 20.910 -80 51 30.73           ~ 121 0
29 PN PB 6 PN 10 13 15.9622567176 -50 19 59.563979688   17.4 17.6     [WO1] 144 0
30 NGC 3242 PN 10 24 46.1335521792 -18 38 32.296857792   11.83 12.15     ~ 838 1
31 PN Pe 1-1 PN 10 38 27.5856481368 -56 47 07.226821644   15.855 14.178 15.394   [WC4/5] 108 1
32 PN Pe 2-7 PN 10 41 19.59 -56 09 16.2     15.20     ~ 34 0
33 WRAY 16-86 PN 11 17 43.1561941272 -70 49 32.165781780   12.3 14.00     ~ 46 0
34 WRAY 16-88 PN 11 24 01.04424 -52 51 19.3860         16.245 ~ 58 0
35 WRAY 16-100 PN 11 48 38.0955840000 -65 08 36.445176132   14.595 13.036 14.833   ~ 93 1
36 WRAY 16-107 PN 12 09 10.2069705456 -58 42 37.284368328     15.20     ~ 39 0
37 WRAY 16-117 PN 12 30 30.4344727152 -64 52 05.689186752   14.55 15.00     [WC4] 130 0
38 IC 3568 PN 12 33 06.8549162136 +82 33 50.202643608   11.809 10.730 12.651   ~ 407 0
39 PN H 4-1 PN 12 59 27.78107 +27 38 10.6612           OB 167 0
40 NGC 5189 PN 13 33 32.8780414224 -65 58 27.041428272   14.1 14.5   14.35 [WO1] 331 1
41 PN MyCn 18 PN 13 39 35.0596178496 -67 22 51.750497136   13.30 12.54 13.19 12.61 ~ 293 1
42 WRAY 16-133 PN 13 42 36.1638733080 -61 22 28.912461456     15.86     ~ 61 0
43 NGC 5307 PN 13 51 03.2580878376 -51 12 20.835744984   11.5 10     O3.5V 184 1
44 NGC 5315 PN 13 53 56.9726795664 -66 30 50.859483264   14.58 14.40     [WO4] 323 1
45 PN MaC 1-2 PN 13 54 27.067 -64 59 36.14           ~ 30 1
46 WRAY 16-156 PN 14 33 17.97 -60 49 36.3   16.3 16.7   15.38 ~ 168 0
47 NGC 5882 PN 15 16 49.9562553264 -45 38 58.616280132   11.9 10.9     ~ 281 1
48 PN Me 2-1 PN 15 22 19.2811793544 -23 37 31.412401104   12.2 12.20     ~ 224 0
49 WRAY 15-1341 PN 15 41 58.83 -56 36 25.6     14.50     ~ 77 0
50 NGC 5979 PN 15 47 41.1732637320 -61 13 05.549514276     12.10     wels 104 0
51 PN StWr 4-10 PN 16 02 13.0530888744 -41 33 36.067165524   13.9 15.00     [WC2/3] 61 0
52 IC 4593 PN 16 11 44.5479462840 +12 04 17.031388584   10.91 10.84     O7fp 462 0
53 PN H 1-1 Em* 16 13 28.1768868744 -34 35 39.387943572   10.72 9.61     ~ 60 0
54 WRAY 16-218 PN 16 23 30.6466211640 -58 19 22.800710784   13.7 13.90     ~ 76 0
55 NGC 6153 PN 16 31 30.5708444544 -40 15 12.646208700   10.7 15.55     ~ 320 0
56 PN DdDm 1 PN 16 40 18.1517248296 +38 42 20.033859348   14.0 13.90     sd+G/K 153 0
57 NGC 6210 PN 16 44 29.5191019368 +23 47 59.421958296   12.3 11.7     Of/[WR] 597 0
58 ESO 332-4 PN 16 51 33.575 -40 02 56.01           ~ 28 0
59 WRAY 15-1585 PN 16 59 36.1292977968 -51 42 08.621516808     14.30     ~ 95 0
60 CD-53 7049 PN 17 03 02.8784604504 -53 55 53.966024508   11.84 11.48     B/Ae 70 1
61 PN Sa 1-5 PN 17 11 27.3945863181 -47 25 02.050977873     15.60     ~ 33 0
62 PN M 2-10 PN 17 14 07.0266004296 -31 19 42.983628132     15.00     ~ 85 0
63 PN H 1-8 PN 17 14 42.93 -33 24 47.4     13.6     ~ 62 0
64 PN Th 3-4 PN 17 18 51.9379704912 -31 39 06.630913620           ~ 43 0
65 PN M 3-38 PN 17 21 04.4699050536 -29 02 59.700223716     16.00     ~ 97 0
66 PN M 3-8 PN 17 24 52.15 -28 05 54.6     15.40     ~ 92 0
67 PN M 3-10 PN 17 27 20.19 -28 27 51.2     14.40     ~ 95 0
68 PN H 1-15 PN 17 28 37.6286372256 -24 51 07.218909000     15.10     ~ 64 0
69 PN M 1-20 PN 17 28 57.6165015264 -19 15 54.033719256           ~ 136 0
70 PN H 1-16 PN 17 29 23.4288306495 -26 26 05.773990642   16.9 15.63 14.25 15.37 ~ 61 1
71 PN H 1-18 PN 17 29 42.76 -29 32 50.3           ~ 75 0
72 PN H 1-19 PN 17 30 02.57 -27 59 17.5     16.30     ~ 78 0
73 PN Al 2-E PN 17 30 14.4363597912 -27 30 20.385097740     17.50     ~ 42 0
74 PN H 1-20 PN 17 30 43.8092470056 -28 04 06.841201728   17.1 16.0     ~ 85 0
75 PN H 1-23 PN 17 32 46.92 -30 00 14.9     16.00     ~ 77 0
76 PN H 1-21 PN 17 32 47.8114390416 -40 58 28.653130920     15.20     ~ 31 0
77 WRAY 16-286 PN 17 33 00.67 -36 43 51.8     15.40     ~ 48 0
78 PN M 4-5 PN 17 34 54.72 -26 35 57.3     17.50     ~ 73 0
79 PN M 4-6 PN 17 35 13.99 -29 03 10.6           ~ 62 0
80 PN Hb 4 PN 17 41 52.8002065320 -24 42 08.330663196   18.4 17     [WC4] 232 1
81 PN M 2-14 PN 17 41 57.2678295912 -24 11 16.203074712     14.70 15.71 14.50 ~ 68 0
82 PN H 2-18 PN 17 43 28.7517226002 -21 09 51.615242509         15.912 ~ 79 0
83 PN H 1-29 WV* 17 44 13.8729577601 -34 17 32.824856894     14.90 16.04 14.90 [WC4/6] 76 0
84 PN Sa 2-237 PN 17 44 42.282 -15 45 11.45   16.1 15.5     ~ 36 0
85 PN M 3-15 PN 17 45 31.7096699160 -20 58 01.493896440           [WC4/6] 137 1
86 PN Tc 1 PN 17 45 35.2879212240 -46 05 23.717122728   11.30 11.49     PCyg 280 0
87 PN H 1-32 PN 17 46 06.32760 -34 03 46.3356           ~ 68 0
88 PN H 1-33 PN 17 47 49.4162559989 -34 08 05.126681277     15.30     ~ 66 1
89 PN Th 4-3 PN 17 48 37.390 -22 16 48.79           ~ 37 0
90 PN H 1-35 PN 17 49 13.9398459192 -34 22 52.812575256     12.90     wels? 118 0
91 PN Th 4-6 PN 17 50 57.24 -18 46 48.4           ~ 36 0
92 PN M 3-44 PN 17 51 18.9230505792 -30 23 53.176813980     16.50     [WC11] 90 0
93 PN M 1-31 PN 17 52 41.4448424016 -22 21 57.159303984           [WC] 116 0
94 PN Cn 2-1 PN 17 54 33.010 -34 22 21.15     12.70 14.47 13.70 ~ 136 0
95 PN Bl Q PN 17 54 34.9660686768 -28 12 43.156531800     17.30     ~ 39 0
96 IC 4670 PN 17 55 07.030680 -21 44 40.04124   15.03 13.28 13.88 13.56 ~ 149 1
97 PN H 1-40 PN 17 55 36.0545698680 -30 33 32.359297176     15.50     ~ 107 0
98 WRAY 16-330 PN 17 56 33.7099931280 -43 03 19.135687320   13.4 13.60     ~ 51 0
99 PN Th 4-10 PN 17 57 06.599 -18 06 43.43           ~ 44 0
100 PN H 1-46 PN 17 59 02.5031407080 -32 21 43.494698556     14.30     ~ 83 0
101 PN M 2-23 PN 18 01 42.6413050824 -28 25 44.117293404     13.00     ~ 124 0
102 PN M 2-27 PN 18 03 52.5718384152 -31 17 47.161796424     14.40     [WC4]: 110 0
103 PN H 1-50 PN 18 03 53.5082954976 -32 41 42.015068628   10 12.80     ~ 87 0
104 PN H 1-56 PN 18 07 53.8842030888 -29 44 34.338810768     15.00     O? 85 0
105 PN H 2-39 PN 18 08 05.759 -28 26 10.50           ~ 46 0
106 PN M 1-40 PN 18 08 25.989 -22 16 52.93   11       ~ 122 1
107 PN KFL 11 PN 18 10 12.244 -27 16 35.00           ~ 36 0
108 PN KFL 12 PN 18 10 30.807 -28 19 22.91           ~ 36 0
109 PN H 1-61 PN 18 12 33.99 -24 50 00.5     16.90     ~ 48 0
110 PN M 2-31 PN 18 13 16.0521431976 -25 30 05.320920636   13.3 13.60     [WC4/6] 110 0
111 PN MaC 1-11 PN 18 14 50.89 -22 43 55.7           ~ 34 0
112 PN M 3-25 PN 18 15 16.97376 -10 10 09.3612           ~ 55 0
113 PN M 2-39 PN 18 22 01.1620945464 -24 10 39.916889760     15.00     wels 82 0
114 PN M 2-42 PN 18 22 32.08 -24 09 27.7     13.90     ~ 84 0
115 PN Cn 1-5 PN 18 29 11.6500996872 -31 29 59.135208396   15.5 15.2 13.34   [WC5/6] 163 0
116 PN M 3-54 PN 18 33 03.745 -13 44 19.95           ~ 41 0
117 PN M 1-51 PN 18 33 29.05 -11 07 26.5           [WC4/6] 97 1
118 PN M 4-10 PN 18 34 13.85 -13 12 24.7           ~ 41 0
119 PN V-V 3 PN 18 37 11.11 -19 02 21.9           ~ 47 0
120 PN K 3-11 PN 18 41 07.311 -08 55 58.97           ~ 45 0
121 PN M 1-60 PN 18 43 38.0929948608 -13 44 49.280634744           [WC4] 95 0
122 IC 4776 PN 18 45 50.705 -33 20 34.12   11.98 10.62     [WC]pec 204 1
123 PN M 1-61 PN 18 45 55.12 -14 27 37.9           ~ 116 0
124 PN Hu 2-1 PN 18 49 47.5610183328 +20 50 39.396894756   12.369 11.126 12.30   ~ 286 0
125 PN M 1-62 PN 18 50 26.0470300152 -22 34 22.707895260           [WC] 54 0
126 M 57 PN 18 53 35.0967659112 +33 01 44.883287544   15.405 15.769 15.901 16.062 DA(O?) 868 2
127 PN K 4-8 PN 18 54 20.0197786200 -08 47 33.234394848           ~ 38 0
128 PN K 3-19 PN 19 01 36.575 -01 19 07.85           ~ 44 0
129 PN M 1-69 PN 19 13 53.890 +03 37 41.78   15.26 13.70     WC 31 0
130 IC 4846 PN 19 16 28.2266496960 -09 02 36.677150592           ~ 221 0
131 PN K 3-31 PN 19 19 02.6456875992 +19 02 21.008706036           ~ 48 0
132 Hen 2-434 PN 19 33 49.3653924480 -74 32 58.655653476   12.92 12.78     O 78 0
133 NGC 6807 PN 19 34 33.53 +05 41 02.5     12     ~ 144 0
134 PN M 1-71 PN 19 36 26.9207484077 +19 42 24.018831075           [WC] 92 1
135 Hen 2-440 PN 19 38 08.36 +25 15 41.1           ~ 44 1
136 NGC 6826 PN 19 44 48.1500225888 +50 31 30.249034932   9.779 9.359 10.775   O3f(H) 736 0
137 PN K 4-41 PN 19 56 34.027 +32 22 12.96           ~ 47 0
138 PN K 3-56 PN 20 06 55.385 +44 14 18.65           ~ 37 0
139 NGC 6905 PN 20 22 22.9919225472 +20 06 16.285052088   16.3 14.5     [WC3] 362 0
140 NGC 7009 PN 21 04 10.8155187648 -11 21 48.580157556   12.48 12.07     ~ 1020 1
141 NGC 7027 PN 21 07 01.571952 +42 14 10.47120   10.358 8.831 10.157   ~ 2541 1
142 M 15 GlC 21 29 58.33 +12 10 01.2           ~ 3274 0
143 PN Ps 1 PN 21 29 59.3972661392 +12 10 26.275343735   13.39 14.06     sdO 295 0
144 PN G097.6-02.4 PN 21 57 41.7846489624 +51 41 39.289876548           ~ 77 0
145 NGC 7293 PN 22 29 38.5454047152 -20 50 13.747242408 11.894 13.158 13.524 13.689 13.898 DAO.5 983 1
146 PN K 3-87 PN 22 55 06.9347561376 +56 42 31.022604684           ~ 40 0
147 NGC 7662 PN 23 25 53.8318792825 +42 32 05.835828380       11.427   ~ 940 1
148 NAME Galactic Bulge reg ~ ~           ~ 4794 0

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